A Rare Case of Low-Grade B-cell Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma of the Lower Lip Mimicking a Mucocele.

In a clinical context, oral lymphomas are very uncommon and frequently challenging to identify. Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphomas are a diverse category of lymphomas that were formerly believed to be formed from B-cells located in the marginal zone, which surrounds B-cell follicles and the surrounding lymphoepithelium. Extranodal organs like the stomach, thyroid, and large salivary glands are where they most frequently appear. As a result, they are accurately identified as extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphomas (ENMZL). This report presents a case of a 53-year-old female with lower lip swelling, which was diagnosed as a case of marginal low-grade B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma after clinical, histopathological, and immunological examinations. Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma diagnosis can be aided by pathological examination and biopsy performed early in the lesion's development. The dentist has a key role to play in the early diagnosis process.

Novel Technique for the Surgical Management of Pleomorphic Adenoma of the Upper Lip.

Pleomorphic adenoma (PA) is one of the most common benign lesions of the salivary glands, with a majority of them occurring in the parotid gland. PA has origin from the epithelial and mesenchymal elements and can arise from both major and minor salivary glands. Among minor salivary glands, the palate is the most commonly affected site, followed by lips, cheeks, gingiva, the floor of the mouth, and tongue. PA of the upper lip without intraoral mucosal involvement is a rare entity. In this article, we report a case of PA of the upper lip in a middle-aged female patient and its surgical management with a novel technique. During six months' postoperative review, the patient showed excellent wound healing with very minimal scar formation.

A Rare Case of Hormone-Induced Plasma Cell Granuloma of the Gingiva.

Plasma cell granuloma (PCG), also known as inflammatory pseudotumor, is of unknown etiopathogenesis. It commonly presents in the lungs and can also occur in the liver, kidney, brain, and heart. PCG is rare in the oral cavity and even rarer in the gingiva. The clinical and radiological presentation of this disease in the oral cavity appears to be aggressive in nature and is often misdiagnosed as a malignant lesion. Histopathology helps in distinguishing PCG of gingiva from other benign and malignant lesions of the gingiva. Amlodipine and cyclosporine-induced PCG of gingiva have been reported in the literature. This report presents a rare case of generalized plasma cell granuloma of the gingiva in an adult female patient who was on hormonal therapy for infertility. Treatment consisted of complete surgical excision of the lesion and extraction of teeth with a poor prognosis. Wound healing was uneventful during the one-year follow-up period with no signs of recurrence.

A Rare Case of Unilateral Impacted Permanent Maxillary Canine Tooth in an Inverted Position.

The probability of occurrence of impacted permanent maxillary canine tooth is 2% and, in most cases, is an incidental finding. The management options for them vary from no treatment, surgical exposure, and orthodontic traction into dental arch, surgical removal, and autotransplantation. Although orthodontic traction into the dental arch is the ideal treatment of choice, it cannot be achieved in permanent maxillary canines impacted in unfavorable or aberrant positions. In this article, we report a rare case of a unilateral impacted permanent maxillary canine tooth in an inverted position, which was an incidental finding during the patient's routine dental examination and discuss the management options for impacted permanent maxillary canine teeth.

Controversies in the Management of Temporomandibular Joint Ankylosis Using Distraction Osteogenesis - A Systematic Review.

Background: The three commonly employed sequences of distraction osteogenesis (DO) in the management of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) ankylosis with dentofacial deformities include post-arthroplastic distraction osteogenesis (PAD), simultaneous arthroplastic distraction osteogenesis (SAD), and pre-arthroplastic distraction osteogenesis (PrAD). Objective: The aim of this systematic review is to compare the effectiveness of various sequences of DO in the management of TMJ ankylosis with micrognathia/and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). Data Sources: A comprehensive online and manual search of English language literature with no date restrictions was done on March 2020. Eligibility Criteria: Inclusion criteria were case series and prospective and retrospective studies involving adult/paediatric human subjects with unilateral/bilateral TMJ ankylosis and micrognathia/OSAS treated with DO. Study Appraisal and Synthesis Methods: Of 73 studies identified, only 10 were included in the qualitative synthesis. The outcomes assessed were as follows: maximum mouth opening (MMO), posterior airway space (PAS), polysomnography variables, reankylosis, mandibular length, and chin and mandible position. Results: All the included studies showed high risk of bias. MMO and mandibular length increased, chin and mandibular position improved by the end of treatment in all the three sequences, and polysomnography variables and PAS significantly improved in PrAD compared to PAD and improved in SAD compared to baseline. Reankylosis was significantly less in PrAD. Conclusion: More well-designed studies comparing the three sequences of DO should be carried out to arrive at a consensus.