[Experience with kerato-prosthetics]. / Erfahrungen mit Keratoprothetik.

The results of 32 keratoprosthesis operations performed in the course of 20 years are presented. In about one-third of the cases the results proved to be lasting. On the basis of the author's experience, rejection can be prevented for a longer period provided that the prosthesis is attached with cyanoacrylate on its basis. The importance of the new biopolymeric materials is discussed.

[Cryptophthalmos solum corneae]. / Kryptophthalmus solum corneae.

The authors report on an 11-month-old child in whom subcutaneous fatty tissue covered with normal skin was found instead of a cornea. Since the lid and conjunctiva were intact this developmental anomaly may be designated cryptophthalmos solum corneae.

[Complications of retrobulbar injections. Possibilities for prevention]. / Komplikationen retrobulbärer Injektionen. Möglichkeiten der Beseitigung.

The authors advocate the use of a new needle developed specifically to avoid complications with retrobulbar injections. In cases with high myopia sonography is performed to determine whether the patient has a posterior staphyloma, which can aggravate the risk of injury. In such cases the retrobulbar injection is performed with the patient's gaze directed downward and outward.

Combined surgical procedure for the prevention of blindness caused by progressive high myopia.

A combined prophylactic procedure consisting of the strengthening of the sclera by fascia lata implants and the laser photocoagulation of peripheral retinal degenerations has been developed for the prevention of blindness caused by progressive high myopia. More than 7 years of experience gained with over 400 patients showed that none of the treated eyes developed retinal detachment or other severe complications of high myopia. Moreover, the degree of myopia decreased by a mean value of 3.0 D in 90%, and the visual acuity improved by a mean value of 0.15 in 70% of the patients treated. The authors suggest that their combined prophylactic procedure should be tried out and introduced to general ophthalmological practice.

[Keratoplasty in Hungary]. / Keratoplastik in Ungarn.

The author reports on the results of keratoplasty in Hungary on the occasion of the 80th anniversary of the first successful keratoplasty performed by Eduard K. Zirm.

[Implantation of intraocular lenses. Bullous keratopathy in pseudophakos]. / Gedanken zur Implantation von Intraokularlinsen. Uber die bullöse Keratopathie bei Pseudophakos.

The author presents his views on the implantation of intraocular lenses, in connection with two pseudophakic bullous keratopathy cases. There is no medical indication for implantation. The question is whether the most important function of the eye, object vision, may be risked in order to avoid aniseikonia or to restore binocular vision? Knowing that vision can be restored with glasses or contact lenses, is it ethical to induce more or less severe postoperative complications by means of intraocular lenses? In view of the considerable success often achieved immediately after the operation, complications which may not arise years later should also be taken into consideration.

[A case of Keratokonus posticus acutus (author's transl)]. / Ein Fall von Keratokonus posticus acutus.

Description of a patient with keratoconus posticus acutus. The typical changes including thinning, were seen clinically on the posterior central surface of the left cornea with conical protrusion of the internal curvature. The right eye showed the classic signs of the acute phase.

[Keratoplasty in infants and children (author's transl)]. / Keratoplastik im Säuglings- und Kindesalter.

In infants, keratoplasty is only performed in cases of bilateral, congenital, total corneal opacity. Results are very poor. Only one out of 16 grafts remained clear. From the age of about five or six years the results depend on the condition of the eye, as is the case in adults.

[Keratoplasty in keratoglobus]. / Keratoplastik bei Keratoglobus.

In keratoglobus penetrating keratoplasty cannot be performed because the recipient cornea is too thin. The author reports on the three keratoplasties with traction (after Malbran) performed by him and on the results.

Local lymphokine production in ocular inflammatory diseases.

We took samples of the aqueous humour and subretinal fluid from 12 patients suffering from various types of ocular inflammation. The presence of leucocyte migration inhibition factor in these fluids was determined using the leucocyte migration inhibition test. Our results indicated that this test differentiated ocular inflammatory reactions due to cell mediated immunity from those due to other mechanisms.

Change of T-lymphocyte ratio after keratoplasty.

Changes in the ratio of active and total E rosettes of 12 untreated and 26 corneal transplant patients with immunosuppressive therapy were examined weekly for a month and in the third month. On the basis of our results it can be stated that keratoplasty increases immune reactivity. This manifests itself in the increasing number of both the active and total E-rosette-forming lymphocytes. This increase in T cell number can be observed also after cataract operations in the first week, but in the latter case if no rejection occurs after keratoplasty the ratio of E-rosette-forming cells returns to the preoperative value in the third week. If the T-lymphocyte number is increased as late as the third week, that can be regarded as a rejection sign. Our data confirm the significance of active E-rosette-forming cells in immunological processes. Examination of the active and total E-rosette-forming T-lymphocytes has proved a suitable method for following up the cellular immunological processes directed against the corneal transplant.

[Therapy of acute keratoconus]. / Uber die Therapie des akuten Keratokonus.

The author made a series of observations in 17 cases of acute keratoconus. He performed perforating keratoplasties on 18 eyes of 16 patients promptly in the acute phases. The results were the same as after keratoplasty in cases of simple keratoconus. He informs of his observations regarding the probable causes of bringing about the acute phase.