[Organ-specific nodular pulmonary amyloidosis of the A lambda type in Sjogren syndrome]. / Organ-limitierte noduläre pulmonale Amyloidose vom Typ A lambda bei Sjögren-Syndrom.

The exclusive involvement of the lungs with A lambda-type amyloidosis in nodular dispositions in a case of Sjögren's syndrome is very rare. An immunoglobulin lambda-type light chain, benign, monoclonal gammopathy has been verified as the ethological cause. The urine concentration of paraproteins was below the detection limit of the common examination methods and could only be found immunoelectrophoretically in urine concentrated 100-200 fold. The question of a possible relationship with Sjögren's syndrome is being discussed.

[Clinical value of MR tomography of spondylodiscitis in ankylosing spondylitis]. / Klinische Bedeutung der MR-Tomographie von Spondylodiscitiden bei Spondylitis ankylopoetica.

The extent of bone marrow edema seems relevant in assessing the activity of discovertebral destructions in ankylosing spondylitis using highly T2-weighted images. Twenty-one patients showing 32 discovertebral lesions in total were examined by MR-imaging. Radiological progression of destruction is significantly connected with the extent of bone marrow edema. Areas of probable progression can be visualized, which is especially valuable in polysegmental distribution. MR-imaging of discovertebral lesions facilitates the planning of therapy, particularly concerning surgical stabilization.

[X-ray and ultrasonic diagnosis of rheumatic-inflammatory diseases of the elbow]. / Röntgen- und Ultraschalldiagnostik rheumatisch-entzündlicher Erkrankungen des Ellbogengelenkes.

The X-ray anatomy and ultrasound appearance of the normal elbow joint are described. The ultrasound testing procedure for visualizing the soft tissue layer and the intra-articular inflammatory substrate is presented. The general X-ray signs of arthritis in the elbow joint are presented, and then the radiological particularities and characteristics of the various forms of arthritis are discussed with reference to their different etiologies.

[Vocational and occupational counseling of handicapped patients--a comprehensive social federal responsibility]. / Berufs- und Arbeitsberatung Behinderter--ein umfassender sozialstaatlicher Auftrag.

The extensive vocational and employment information and counselling possibilities available in the framework of our social services system in the FRG, are aimed at attaining optimum vocational integration of the disabled clients. The legal foundations are in particular to be found in the Social Code and the rehabilitation adjustment act. Servicing some 80% of all disabled clients in this field, the Federal Employment Institute is the main financially responsible administration in vocational rehabilitation. The services and benefits provided are based on the employment promotion act and the directive of the Institute's governing body concerning industrial and vocational rehabilitation of disabled persons (AReha). Successful vocational counselling outcomes presuppose client participation; counselling contacts are free of charge to the rehabilitee, and are sought on a voluntary basis. The local employment office's medical and/or psychological services will in many cases by called in by the counsellor. If these services do not arrive at a satisfactory proposal either, vocational assessment and work testing measures in vocational training or retraining centers are indicated. Vocational preparation may in addition be useful, e.g. in the form of promotional courses and/or pre-rehabilitation courses. The catalogue of services and benefits available is complex and adjustable to individual needs. The rehabilitation measures provided invariably are aimed at achieving entry into long-term employment. When necessary, the disabled clients are followed-along by the counsellors until this goal is attained.

[TMJ examination in patients with underlying rheumatic diseases]. / Kiefergelenkuntersuchungen bei Patienten mit rheumatischer Grunderkrankung.

Within this scope of a diagnostic study 50 patients with underlying rheumatic disease and temporomandibular joint symptoms were examined in the rheumatological and oral-maxillofacial surgery specialty. About half of the patients with inflammatory rheumatic disease showed a primary temporomandibular arthritis, about half of which had radiological findings of advanced stage of arthrosis deformans. Therapeutical particularities of the treatments of primary temporomandibular arthritis are shown.

[Assessment of the risk of occipitocervical dislocation in inflammatory rheumatic diseases]. / Zur Risikobeurteilung occipito-cervicaler Dislokationen bei entzündlich-rheumatischen Krankheiten.

In this mainly retrospective study we examined by means of tomographic and computer tomographic findings various manifestations and courses of cranio-cervical subluxations in chronic inflammatory rheumatic diseases and the resulting neurological complications. Even in marked cranio-cervical subluxations neurological complications are rarely observed. More serious anterior atlanto-axial subluxation represents the highest risk for spinal cord injury as a result of the mobility of the atlas. A subsequent vertical (upward) atlanto-axial subluxation occurring particularly in serious courses of illness reduces this risk since it is generally to be found together with a fixation of the atlas. This also applies to a possible pseudobasilar invagination. As a result of our studies we found ways of using CT to achieve further information. We could also derive guidelines for the indication of operative treatment. In view of the further development of surgical methods and variations in operative risk dependent on the preoperative situation, these recommendations can only be provisional.

[The forgotten minority - the aged as criminals]. / Die vergessene Minderheit - alte Menschen als Straftäter.

Criminal behavior of aged people does not seem to attract much attention by human sciences and political agencies. This trend is understandable because analysis of criminal statistics shows that crime rates are lowest among the aged (sixty years and older) compared with other groups. Furthermore, the structure of these delinquent acts is dominated by traffic offenses and theft, acts which do not cause much harm in terms of violence and property damages. Probably that is why those offenses of minor character result in a specific sentencing practice. Only a very small part of aged offenders is sentenced to prison or probation, whereas over 90% are fined. In the year 1979 the proportion of aged prisoners was slightly more than 1% of total prison's population. The review of theoretical approaches to the delinquency of the aged shows that there were not many efforts to overcome the traditional "theory of weakness or physical deficiency" in explaining the structure and distribution of the criminal behavior of the aged. But this approach is not satisfying any more. The discussion shows that a modified control theory of crime seems to be more fruitful in explaining deviant acts committed by aged people. Finally the question how to react on the aged offender by legislation and criminal policy is raised. Today's German Penal Code and Criminal Procedure Code provide altogether enough possibilities to divert the aged offender and to meet the special needs of this age group without going back to incarceration strategies.

[An information system for a department of nuclear medicine (author's transl)]. / Ein Abteilungs-Informationssystem für die Nuklearmedizin.

A computer system is connected on-line to each working place of a department for nuclear medicine. It is assisting the daily work such as the measuring and processing of the measured data, the medical interpretation of the results and the finding of the diagnosis, and finally the composing and writing of medical reports. Additionally this system supports the organization of the department in many ways. The organisation and functions of the system are described.