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1.
J Vet Intern Med ; 35(1): 372-377, 2021 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33247617

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Muscle cramps (MCs) are prolonged, involuntary, painful muscle contractions characterized by an acute onset and short duration, caused by peripheral nerve hyperactivity. OBJECTIVES: To provide a detailed description of the clinical features and diagnostic findings in dogs affected by MCs. ANIMALS: Fourteen dogs. METHODS: Multicenter retrospective case series. Cases were recruited by a call to veterinary neurologists working in referral practices. Medical records and videotapes were searched for dogs showing MCs. The follow-up was obtained by telephone communication with the owner and the referring veterinarian. RESULTS: Three patterns of presentation were identified depending on the number of affected limbs and presence/absence of migration of MCs to other limbs. In 9/14 (64%) of dogs, MCs were triggered by prompting the dogs to move. 8/14 (58%) dogs were overtly painful with 6/14 (42%) showing mild discomfort. The cause of MCs was hypocalcemia in 11/14 (79%) dogs: 9 dogs were affected by primary hypoparathyrodism, 1 dog by intestinal lymphoma and 1 dog by protein losing enteropathy. In 3/14 cases (21%) the cause was not identified, and all 3 dogs were German Shepherds. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: Muscle cramps can manifest in 1 of 3 clinical patterns. Muscle cramps are elicited when dogs are encouraged to move and do not always appear as painful events, showing in some cases only discomfort. The main cause of MCs in this study was hypocalcemia consequent to primary hypoparathyroidism. In dogs having MCs of unknown etiology, idiopathic disease or paroxysmal dyskinesia could not be ruled out.


Assuntos
Doenças do Cão , Hipocalcemia , Enteropatias Perdedoras de Proteínas , Animais , Doenças do Cão/diagnóstico , Cães , Hipocalcemia/diagnóstico , Hipocalcemia/veterinária , Cãibra Muscular/veterinária , Enteropatias Perdedoras de Proteínas/veterinária , Estudos Retrospectivos
2.
J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater ; 107(1): 169-177, 2019 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29573163

RESUMO

Periprosthetic infection via skin-implant interface is a leading cause of failures and revisions in direct skeletal attachment of limb prostheses. Implants with deep porosity fabricated with skin and bone integrated pylons (SBIP) technology allow for skin ingrowth through the implant's structure creating natural barrier against infection. However, until the skin cells remodel in all pores of the implant, additional care is required to prevent from entering bacteria to the still nonoccupied pores. Temporary silver coating was evaluated in this work as a means to provide protection from infection immediately after implantation followed by dissolution of silver layer in few weeks. A sputtering coating with 1 µm thickness was selected to be sufficient for fighting infection until the deep ingrowth of skin in the porous structure of the pylon is completed. In vitro study showed less bacterial (Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) growth on silver coated tablets compared to the control group. Analysis of cellular density of MG-63 cells, fibroblasts, and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) showed that silver coating did not inhibit the cell growth on the implants and did not affect cellular functional activity. The in vivo study did not show any postoperative complications during the 6-month observation period in the model of above-knee amputation in rabbits when SBIP implants, either silver-coated or untreated were inserted into the bone residuum. Three-phase scintigraphy demonstrated angiogenesis in the pores of the pylons. The findings suggest that a silver coating with well-chosen specifications can increase the safety of porous implants for direct skeletal attachment. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 107B: 169-177, 2019.


Assuntos
Antibacterianos/química , Bactérias/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Infecções Bacterianas , Interface Osso-Implante , Materiais Revestidos Biocompatíveis/química , Implantes Experimentais/microbiologia , Prata/química , Pele , Animais , Infecções Bacterianas/metabolismo , Infecções Bacterianas/patologia , Interface Osso-Implante/microbiologia , Interface Osso-Implante/patologia , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Humanos , Masculino , Porosidade , Coelhos , Pele/microbiologia , Pele/patologia
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