Aferição da circunferência da panturrilha no rastreio da sarcopenia em idosos / Assessment of the scope circumference in the screening of sarcopenia in elderly people / Medición de la circunferencia de la pantorrilla en el cribado de sarcopenia en ancianos

Objetivo: Analisar a prática do enfermeiro da atenção primária à saúde acerca da aferição da circunferência da panturrilha no rastreio da sarcopenia em idosos. Métodos: Estudo descritivo de abordagem qualitativa, realizado com enfermeiros que atuam na atenção primária à saúde. As entrevistas foram realizadas mediante utilização de roteiro semiestruturado, nos meses de maio a julho de 2019. Resultados: Participaram do estudo 24 enfermeiros com idade média de 31,4 anos, predominantemente do sexo feminino. O tempo de formação dos participantes variou de cinco meses a 15 anos e, a maioria dos entrevistados relatou possuir pós-graduação (n=18), principalmente nas áreas de saúde da família e urgência e emergência. A maioria não utilizava em sua prática diária a avaliação da circunferência da panturrilha e alguns a realizavam apenas em idosos hipertensos e diabéticos. Conclusão: Há uma escassa utilização da aferição da circunferência da panturrilha na prática clínica do enfermeiro, o que compromete o rastreio da sarcopenia, e consequentemente dificulta a realização de ações que minimizam as complicações desta doença. (AU)

Objective: To analyze the practice of nurses in primary health care about measuring the circumference of the calf in screening for sarcopenia in the elderly. Methods: Descriptive study with a qualitative approach, carried out with nurses who work in primary health care. The interviews were conducted using a semi-structured script, from May to July 2019. Results: 24 nurses with a mean age of 31.4 years, predominantly female, participated in the study. Participants' training time ranged from five months to 15 years, and most respondents reported having a postgraduate degree (n=18), mainly in the areas of family health and urgency and emergency. Most did not use calf circumference assessment in their daily practice and some performed it only in hypertensive and diabetic elderly. Conclusion: There is little use of calf circumference measurement in clinical nursing practice, which compromises sarcopenia screening and, consequently, makes it difficult to carry out actions that minimize the complications of this disease. (AU)

Objetivo: Analizar la práctica de enfermeras de atención primaria de salud sobre la medición de la circunferencia de la pantorrilla en el cribado de sarcopenia en el anciano. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo con abordaje cualitativo, realizado con enfermeras que laboran en la atención primaria de salud. Las entrevistas se realizaron mediante un guión semiestructurado, de mayo a julio de 2019. Resultados: Participaron del estudio 24 enfermeras con una edad promedio de 31,4 años, predominantemente mujeres. El tiempo de formación de los participantes osciló entre cinco meses y 15 años, y la mayoría de los encuestados informó tener un título de posgrado (n = 18), principalmente en las áreas de salud familiar y urgencia y emergencia. La mayoría no utilizó la evaluación de la circunferencia de la pantorrilla en su práctica diaria y algunos la realizaron solo en ancianos hipertensos y diabéticos. Conclusión: La medición del perímetro de la pantorrilla es escasa en la práctica clínica de enfermería, lo que compromete el cribado de sarcopenia y, en consecuencia, dificulta la realización de acciones que minimicen las complicaciones de esta enfermedad. (AU)

An integrative taxonomy study reveals a rare new species of the genus Creptotrema (Trematoda: Allocreadiidae) in an endangered frog in South America.

During an ecological study with a near-endangered anuran in Brazil, the Schmidt's Spinythumb frog, Crossodactylus schmidti Gallardo, 1961, we were given a chance to analyze the gastrointestinal tract of a few individuals for parasites. In this paper, we describe a new species of an allocreadiid trematode of the genus Creptotrema Travassos, Artigas & Pereira, 1928, which possesses a unique trait among allocreadiids (i.e., a bivalve shell-like muscular structure at the opening of the ventral sucker); the new species represents the fourth species of allocreadiid trematode parasitizing amphibians. Besides, the new species is distinguished from other congeners by the combination of characters such as the body size, ventral sucker size, cirrus-sac size, and by having small eggs. DNA sequences through the 28S rDNA and COI mtDNA further corroborated the distinction of the new species. Phylogenetic analyses placed the newly generated sequences in a monophyletic clade together with all other sequenced species of Creptotrema. Genetic divergences between the new species and other Creptotrema spp. varied from 2.0 to 4.2% for 28S rDNA, and 15.1 to 16.8% for COI mtDNA, providing robust validation for the recognition of the new species. Even though allocreadiids are mainly parasites of freshwater fishes, our results confirm anurans as hosts of trematodes of this family. Additionally, we propose the reallocation of Auriculostoma ocloya Liquin, Gilardoni, Cremonte, Saravia, Cristóbal & Davies, 2022 to the genus Creptotrema. This study increases the known diversity of allocreadiids and contributes to our understanding of their evolutionary relationships, host-parasite relationships, and biogeographic history.

Fragilidade em pessoas idosas com Diabetes Mellitus e fatores associados: estudo longitudinal / Frailty in elderly people with Diabetes Mellitus and associated factors: longitudinal study

Introdução: O Diabetes Mellitus ocasiona a diminuição das reservas e capacidades funcionais. Sua associação com a síndrome da fragilidade acarreta declínio gradativo no sistema biológico, causando prejuízos globais à saúde da população idosa e, portanto, comprometendo sua qualidade de vida. Objetivo: analisar a evolução da fragilidade e fatores associados em pessoas idosas com Diabetes Mellitus. Materiais e Métodos: Estudo longitudinal caracterizado por duas avaliações com intervalo de 18 meses, envolvendo 49 participantes com idade ≥ 60 anos e de ambos os sexos com diagnóstico clínico de Diabetes Mellitus. Na análise dos dados foram utilizadas medidas de tendência central, dispersão, proporções, teste não paramétrico de Wilcoxon pareado e análise linear múltipla. Resultados: Na avaliação do seguimento, ocorreu um aumento da fragilidade e comprometimento da capacidade funcional entre as duas avaliações. Fatores associados, como as atividades instrumentais da vida diária e o número total de doenças, impactaram negativamente sobre a fragilidade dos participantes. Discussão: Os resultados encontrados no estudo convergem com a literatura cientifica relacionada à associação de doenças crônicas como a Diabetes Mellitus no aumento da fragilidade. Conclusão: A presença de uma doença crônica como a Diabetes Mellitus pode ocasionar o aumento da fragilidade e comprometer a funcionalidade. A avaliação destas condições nos serviços de saúde para identificação precoce é fundamental para estabelecer estratégias assertivas para a manutenção de um envelhecimento com qualidade de vida.

Introduction: Diabetes Mellitus causes a decrease in reserves and functional capabilities. Its association with frailty syndrome leads to a gradual decline in the biological system, causing global harm to the health of the elderly population and, therefore, compromising their quality of life. Objective: to analyze the evolution of frailty and associated factors in elderly people with Diabetes Mellitus. Materials and Methods: Longitudinal study characterized by two assessments 18 months apart, involving 49 participants aged ≥ 60 years and of both sexes with a clinical diagnosis of Diabetes Mellitus. In data analysis, measures of central tendency, dispersion, proportions, paired Wilcoxon non-parametric test and multiple linear analysis were used. Results: In the follow-up assessment, there was an increase in frailty and impairment of functional capacity between the two assessments. Associated factors, such as instrumental activities of daily living and the total number of illnesses, had a negative impact on the participants' frailty. Discussion: The results found in the study converge with the scientific literature related to the association of chronic diseases such as Diabetes Mellitus with increased frailty. Conclusion: The presence of a chronic disease such as Diabetes Mellitus can cause increased frailty and compromise functionality. The assessment of these conditions in health services for early identification is essential to establish assertive strategies for maintaining aging with quality of life.

Introducción: La Diabetes Mellitus provoca una disminución de las reservas y capacidades funcionales. Su asociación con el síndrome de fragilidad conduce a un paulatino deterioro del sistema biológico, provocando un daño global a la salud de la población anciana y, por tanto, comprometiendo su calidad de vida. Objetivo: analizar la evolución de la fragilidad y factores asociados en personas mayores con Diabetes Mellitus. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio longitudinal caracterizado por dos evaluaciones con 18 meses de diferencia, involucrando a 49 participantes con edad ≥ 60 años y de ambos sexos con diagnóstico clínico de Diabetes Mellitus. En el análisis de los datos se utilizaron medidas de tendencia central, dispersión, proporciones, prueba no paramétrica de Wilcoxon pareada y análisis lineal múltiple. Resultados: En la evaluación de seguimiento, hubo un aumento de la fragilidad y el deterioro de la capacidad funcional entre las dos evaluaciones. Los factores asociados, como las actividades instrumentales de la vida diaria y el número total de enfermedades, tuvieron un impacto negativo en la fragilidad de los participantes. Discusión: Los resultados encontrados en el estudio convergen con la literatura científica relacionada con la asociación de enfermedades crónicas como la Diabetes Mellitus con mayor fragilidad. Conclusión: La presencia de una enfermedad crónica como la Diabetes Mellitus puede provocar aumento de fragilidad y comprometer la funcionalidad. La evaluación de estas condiciones en los servicios de salud para su identificación temprana es fundamental para establecer estrategias asertivas para mantener el envejecimiento con calidad de vida.

Family Care for Dependent Older People at Home: A Comparative Study between Brazil and Colombia / Cuidado familiar de adultos mayores dependientes en el hogar: un estudio comparativo entre Brasil y Colombia / Cuidado familiar de idosos dependentes no domicílio: um estudo comparativo entre Brasil e Colômbia

Objective: To analyze the socio-demographic profile and caregiving situation of dependent older adults and their family caregivers in Brazil and Colombia. Method: This mixed comparative and exploratory study follows the comparative study stages proposed by Bereday, namely: Description, interpretation, juxtaposition, and comparison. A semi-structured interview was used. National and international ethical principles were followed in the study, with the ethics committee's approval in each country. Results: A total of 250 participants were interviewed: 52 dependent older adults in Brazil and 56 in Colombia, along with 70 family caregivers in Brazil and 72 in Colombia. A total of 68.5 % of the elderly and 83.8 % of the caregivers were women. Twelve categories were created based on the participants' statements, six in the dependent older people and six in the caregivers. Conclusion: Women and daughters were the primary family caregivers, and the Catholic religion was prevalent in both countries. Regarding the caregiving situation in both countries, it stands out that dependent older people and family caregivers feel the presence of a superior being assisting them in overcoming the challenges of caregiving activities.

Objetivo: analizar el perfil sociodemográfico y la situación de cuidado de los adultos mayores dependientes y sus cuidadores familiares en Brasil y Colombia. Método: investigación comparativa mixta y de tipo exploratorio, la cual sigue las fases de estudios comparativos propuestos por Bereday: descripción, interpretación, yuxtaposición y comparación. Se utilizó una entrevista semiestructurada. Se tuvieron en cuenta los principios éticos nacionales e internacionales dentro del estudio, con la aprobación de cada comité de ética en cada país. Resultados: fueron entrevistados 250 participantes: 52 adultos mayores dependientes en Brasil y 56 en Colombia, y 70 cuidadores familiares en Brasil y 72 en Colombia. El 68,5 % de los adultos mayores y el 83,8 % de los cuidadores eran mujeres. Se construyeron doce categorías a partir del discurso de los participantes, seis en los adultos mayores dependientes y seis en los cuidadores. Conclusión: hubo predominio de las mujeres e hijas como la mayoría de las cuidadoras familiares, así como la religión católica como la más prevalente en ambos países. Respecto a la situación de cuidado, en ambos países destaca que los adultos mayores dependientes y los cuidadores familiares sienten la presencia de un ser superior ayudándolos a superar los desafíos en las actividades de cuidado.

Objetivo: analisar o perfil sociodemográfico e a situação de cuidado dos idosos dependentes e seus cuidadores familiares no Brasil e na Colômbia. Materiais e método: pesquisa comparativa mista e de tipo exploratório, a qual segue as fases de estudos comparativos propostos por Bereday: descrição, interpretação, justaposição e comparação. Foi utilizada entrevista semiestrutura. Foram considerados os princípios éticos nacionais e internacionais para o estudo, com a aprovação de cada comitê de ética dos referidos países. Resultados: foram entrevistados 250 participantes, dos quais 52 idosos dependentes no Brasil e 56 na Colômbia, e 70 cuidadores familiares no Brasil e 72 na Colômbia. 68,5 % dos idosos e 83,8 % dos cuidadores eram mulheres. Foram construídas 12 categorias a partir do discurso dos participantes, seis nos idosos dependentes e seis nos cuidadores. Conclusões: houve predomínio das mulheres e filhas como cuidadoras familiares, bem como a religião católica como a mais prevalente em ambos os países. A respeito da situação de cuidado, nos dois países, destaca-se que os idosos dependentes e os cuidadores familiares sentem a presença de um ser superior que os ajuda a superar os desafios das atividades de cuidado.

Instrumentos utilizados na avaliação da capacidade funcional, fragilidade e sarcopenia em idosos: revisão integrativa / Instruments used in the assessment of functional capacity, frailty and sarcopenia in the elderly: integrative review / Instrumentos utilizados en la evaluación de la capacidad funcional, la frágilidad y la sarcopenia en adultos mayores: revisión integradora

RESUMO Objetivo: analisar o conhecimento produzido na literatura científica sobre os instrumentos utilizados na avaliação da capacidade funcional, fragilidade e sarcopenia do idoso. Método: revisão integrativa da literatura, nas bases de dados Cinahl, MEDLINE/PubMed, Embase, Web of Science e Scopus, de 2012-2021. Foram extraídos os dados: autores, ano, país de publicação, tipo de estudo, características da amostra, objetivo, resultados e os instrumentos. Ademais, foi realizada a avaliação da qualidade metodológica e nível de evidência. Resultados: a amostra final incluiu 13 artigos. Os instrumentos mais utilizados foram: Índice de Lawton e Brody para avaliação da capacidade funcional; modelo conceitual do fenótipo para fragilidade; e a conceituação e diagnóstico do Grupo de Trabalho Europeu da Sarcopenia. Conclusão: as evidências científicas demonstraram a importância da utilização de instrumentos para o rastreio destas condições que podem interferir na saúde da população idosa, reforçando a necessidade do fortalecimento de práticas de cuidados interprofissionais.

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the knowledge produced in the scientific literature on the instruments used to assess functional capacity, frailty, and sarcopenia in older adults. Method: integrative literature review, in the Cinahl, MEDLINE/PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and Scopus databases, from 2012-2021. Data were extracted: authors, year, country of publication, type of study, sample characteristics, objective, results, and instruments. In addition, the methodological quality and level of evidence were assessed. Results: The final sample included 13 articles. The most used instruments were Lawton and Brody Index for functional capacity assessment; conceptual model of the frailty phenotype; and the conceptualization and diagnosis of the European Working Group on Sarcopenia. Conclusion: The scientific evidence demonstrated the importance of using instruments to screen for these conditions that can interfere with the health of the elderly population, reinforcing the need to strengthen interprofessional care practices.

RESUMEN Objetivo: analizar el conocimiento producido en la literatura científica sobre los instrumentos utilizados en la evaluación de la capacidad funcional, fragilidad y sarcopenia de las personas mayores. Método: revisión bibliográfica integradora, en las bases de datos Cinahl, MEDLINE/PubMed, Embase, Web of Science y Scopus, entre 2012 y 2021. Se extrajeron datos: autores, año, país de publicación, tipo de estudio, características de la muestra, objetivo, resultados e instrumentos. Además, se evaluó la calidad metodológica y el nivel de evidencia. Resultados: La muestra final incluyó 13 artículos. Los instrumentos más utilizados fueron: el índice de Lawton y Brody para evaluar la capacidad funcional; el modelo conceptual del fenotipo de fragilidad; y la conceptualización y diagnóstico del Grupo de Trabajo Europeo sobre Sarcopenia. Conclusión: La evidencia científica demostró la importancia del uso de herramientas para la detección de estas condiciones que pueden interferir con la salud de la población anciana, reforzando la necesidad de fortalecer las prácticas de atención interprofesional.

Phylogenetic position of Gorgoderina parvicava Travassos, 1922 (Digenea: Gorgoderidae), a parasite of Leptodactylus labyrinthicus (Spix, 1824) (Anura: Leptodactylidae) in Brazil.

During a parasite survey in Brazilian amphibians from São Paulo state, Brazil, Gorgoderina parvicava Travassos, 1922 was found in the urinary bladder (11 adult worms) and (five juvenile worms) in the kidneys of the pepper-frog Leptodactylus labyrinthicus (Spix, 1824). Parasites were examined by microscopy and 28S rDNA and COI gene were sequenced and analyzed for the molecular study. The phylogenetic reconstructions resulted in identical topologies with highly supported values in the nodes in most clades using Maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference methods and positioned G. parvicava in the subclade formed by species of subfamily Gorgoderinae parasitizing the urinary bladder of amphibians. Molecular phylogenetic data showed that this species is related to other species of Gorgoderina. In addition, new molecular data and the analyses of genetic distances provide extra comparative data, which can be applied in further investigations on the taxonomic status and the diversity among Gorgoderina spp. and host-parasite relationships.

Resiliência em pessoas idosas diante da pandemia COVID-19: revisão integrativa / Resiliencia en personas mayores ante la pandemia de COVID-19: revisión integradora / Resilience in older adults in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic: an integrative review

Resumo Objetivo Analisar o conhecimento produzido na literatura científica sobre a resiliência de pessoas idosas diante da pandemia COVID-19. Método Revisão integrativa da literatura com estudos primários publicados na íntegra, em Portugues, Ingles e/ou Espanhol, entre 2020 e 2022 nas bases de dados PubMed, EMBASE, LILACS, Web of Science e PsycINFO-APA. Os artigos foram exportados para o sistema Rayyan, os estudos selecionados foram lidos e inseridos em um instrumento cujos dados extraídos foram: autores, ano, objetivo,tipo de estudo, amostra, média da idade, resiliência, principais resultados e conclusão. Na avaliação crítica para determinar a qualidade metodológica e nível de evidência, para estudos qualitativos utilizou-se o Guidelines for Critical Review Form: Qualitative Studies , para quantitativos o Guideline Critical Review Form for Quantitative Studies e estudos mistos o Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool . Resultados Correspondem à análise final dos nove artigos publicados. Sobre às estratégias de enfrentamento, destacam-se atividades físicas, sendo estas, caminhadas, Tai-chi , corridas, exercícios de resistência e ciclismo; o uso da tecnologia de comunicação, como jogos, site de videos, teleconferencias, assistir TV e o uso de aplicativos de comunicação e as atividades de lazer, como a leitura, tocar instrumentos musicais, meditação, a arte de costura, jardinagem e pintura e estilo de vida, mantendo-se ocupado, busca de apoio social, se alimentar saudável e a manutenção de rotinas domésticas. Conclusão As pessoas idosas foram relativamente resilientes durante essa pandemia. A resiliência foi fator importante para a manutenção do bem-estar e qualidade de vida dessa população, com destaque para a prática de atividade física e o uso de tecnologias.

Resumen Objetivo Analizar el conocimiento producido en la literatura científica sobre la resiliencia de personas mayores ante la pandemia de COVID-19. Métodos Revisión integradora de la literatura con estudios primarios publicados en su totalidad, en portugués, inglés o español, entre 2020 y 2022, en las bases de datos PubMed, EMBASE, LILACS, Web of Science y PsycINFO-APA. Se exportaron los artículos al sistema Rayyan, se leyeron los estudios seleccionados y se ingresaron en un instrumento cuyos datos extraídos fueron: autores, año, objetivo, tipo de estudio, muestra, promedio de edad, resiliencia, resultados principales y conclusión. En la evaluación crítica para determinar la calidad metodológica y nivel de evidencia, se utilizó, para estudios cualitativos, el instrumento Guidelines for Critical Review Form: Qualitative Studies , para cuantitativos, el Guideline Critical Review Form for Quantitative Studies y para estudios mixtos, el Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool . Resultados Nueve artículos publicados conformaron el análisis final. Sobre las estrategias de afrontamiento, se destacan las actividades físicas, como caminatas, Tai-chi , correr, ejercicios de resistencia y ciclismo; el uso de la tecnología de la comunicación, como juegos, páginas de videos, teleconferencias, mirar televisión y el uso de aplicaciones de comunicación y actividades recreativas, como lectura, tocar instrumentos musicales, meditación, arte de costura, jardinería y pintura y estilo de vida, mantenerse ocupado, buscar apoyo social, alimentarse de forma saludable y mantener rutinas domésticas. Conclusión Las personas mayores fueron relativamente resilientes durante la pandemia. La resiliencia fue un factor importante para mantener el bienestar y la calidad de vida de esta población, con énfasis en la práctica de actividad física y el uso de tecnologías.Open Science Framework (OSF): https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/VSBHP

Abstract Objective To analyze the knowledge produced in the scientific literature about older adults' resilience in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic. Method This is an integrative literature review with primary studies published in full, in Portuguese, English and/or Spanish, between 2020 and 2022, in PubMed, EMBASE, LILACS, Web of Science and PsycINFO-APA databases. The articles were exported to the Rayyan system. The selected studies were read and entered into an instrument whose extracted data were authors, year, objective, study design, sample, mean age, resilience, main results and conclusion. In the critical assessment to determine the methodological quality and level of evidence, for qualitative studies, the Guidelines for Critical Review Form: Qualitative Studies were used, for quantitative studies, the Guideline Critical Review Form for Quantitative Studies, and mixed studies, the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. Results Correspond to the final analysis of the nine published articles. Regarding coping strategies, physical activities stand out, such as walking, Tai-chi, running, resistance exercises and cycling; communication technology use, such as games, video sites, teleconferences, watching TV and communication application use and leisure activities, such as reading, playing musical instruments, meditation, the art of sewing, gardening and painting and lifestyle, keeping busy, seeking social support, eating healthy, and maintaining household routines. Conclusion Older adults were relatively resilient during this pandemic. Resilience was an important factor for maintaining the well-being and quality of life of this population, with emphasis on physical activity and technology use.Open Science Framework (OSF): https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/VSBHP

First molecular assessment on Cosmocerca spp. from Brazilian anurans and description of a new species of Cosmocerca (Ascaridomorpha: Cosmocercoidea) from the white-spotted humming frog Chiasmocleis albopunctata (Boettger, 1885) (Anura: Microhylidae).

Cosmocerca spp. are common nematode parasites of amphibians. We provide herein molecular data for two species of Cosmocerca and describe a new species, Cosmocerca albopunctata n. sp., using light microscopy and molecular data (cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 - COI mtDNA). Cosmocerca albopunctata n. sp. can be easily distinguished from other congeneric species by the combination of characteristics such as body size, length of spicules and gubernaculum, and the arrangements and number of caudal papillae (7 + 1:1 + 1:6). The phylogenetic results based on the partial COI mtDNA sequences clustered the new species in a monophyletic clade along with the other sequences of Cosmocerca spp. Therefore, our results contribute to the knowledge about the species diversity and genetic data for Cosmocerca spp. in the Neotropical region.

Colonic atresia: a rare entity in the newborn. A six-case report and a bibliographic review. / Atresia de colon, una entidad poco frecuente en el recién nacido. A propósito de seis casos y revisión bibliográfica.

INTRODUCTION: Colonic atresia is a rare malformation accounting for 1.8-15% of all intestinal atresias. We present a 6-case series along with a bibliographic review. CLINICAL CASE: This 6-case series consists of three female cases and three male cases diagnosed 24-84 hours following birth. They were all located in the right hemicolon. The most relevant clinical signs included abdominal distension, absence of defecation, and bilious to fecal vomit. Repairs included primary or step-by-step anastomoses for bowel transit reconstruction. One patient diagnosed at > 72 hours of life died. CONCLUSION: In our experience with colonic atresia, when primary or step-by-step intestinal recanalization (diversion for future repair) is achieved, the expected prognosis is excellent, provided that colonic atresia has been diagnosed at 24-48 hours of life.

INTRODUCCION: Las atresias de colon son malformaciones raras que comprenden alrededor de 1,8-15% de total de las atresias intestinales. Presentamos una serie de seis casos junto con una revisión bibliográfica. CASO CLINICO: Esta serie de casos incluye tres casos femeninos y tres casos masculinos que fueron diagnosticados entre 24-84 horas del nacimiento. Todas se localizaron en el hemicolon derecho. Las manifestaciones clínicas más relevantes fueron distensión abdominal, ausencia de evacuaciones, vómitos de biliosos a fecaloideos. Las correcciones incluyen anastomosis primarias o por etapas para la reconstrucción del tránsito intestinal. Se presentó una defunción en un paciente diagnosticado con > 72 horas de vida. CONCLUSION: En nuestra experiencia, en la atresia de colon, cuando se logra recanalizar el intestino de forma primaria o por etapas (derivación para la futura corrección), se espera excelente pronóstico, siempre que sea diagnosticada entre las 24 a 48 horas de vida.

Atresia de colon, una entidad poco frecuente en el recién nacido. A propósito de seis casos y revisión bibliográfica / Colonic atresia: a rare entity in the newborn. A 6-case report and a bibliographic review

Introducción: Las atresias de colon son malformaciones raras quecomprenden alrededor de 1,8-15% de total de las atresias intestinales.Presentamos una serie de seis casos junto con una revisión bibliográfica. Caso clínico: Esta serie de casos incluye tres casos femeninos ytres casos masculinos que fueron diagnosticados entre 24-84 horas delnacimiento. Todas se localizaron en el hemicolon derecho. Las manifestaciones clínicas más relevantes fueron distensión abdominal, ausencia de evacuaciones, vómitos de biliosos a fecaloideos. Las correccionesincluyen anastomosis primarias o por etapas para la reconstrucción deltránsito intestinal. Se presentó una defunción en un paciente diagnosticado con > 72 horas de vida. Conclusión: En nuestra experiencia, en la atresia de colon, cuandose logra recanalizar el intestino de forma primaria o por etapas (deriva-ción para la futura corrección), se espera excelente pronóstico, siempreque sea diagnosticada entre las 24 a 48 horas de vida.(AU)

Introduction: Colonic atresia is a rare malformation accountingfor 1.8-15% of all intestinal atresias. We present a 6-case series alongwith a bibliographic review.Clinical case: This 6-case series consists of three female cases andthree male cases diagnosed 24-84 hours following birth. They were alllocated in the right hemicolon. The most relevant clinical signs includedabdominal distension, absence of defecation, and bilious to fecal vomit.Repairs included primary or step-by-step anastomoses for bowel transitreconstruction. One patient diagnosed at > 72 hours of life died.Conclusion: In our experience with colonic atresia, when primaryor step-by-step intestinal recanalization (diversion for future repair) isachieved, the expected prognosis is excellent, provided that colonicatresia has been diagnosed at 24-48 hours of life.(AU)

Influence of age, gender and obesity on pressure discomfort threshold of the foot: A cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: Foot pain is a highly prevalent health problem for which measures such as a pattern of Pressure Discomfort Threshold of the foot plantar surface can provide valuable information for orthosis design. This study aimed to describe such pattern as a tool for the assessment of painful conditions of the feet and to analyse how it modifies according to age, gender and obesity. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was performed with participants allocated in: Group 1 people aged 20 to 35 years, Group 2 aged 50 to 65 years and Group 3 aged over 65. Pressure Discomfort Threshold on twelve points of the foot plantar surface was measured with an adapted manual dynamometer. Inferential analyses of the data were performed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) considering foot areas, age group, gender and obesity. FINDINGS: 36 participants were analysed. The pattern of Pressure Discomfort Threshold for all individuals showed a significantly higher threshold on the heel and external foot (P < 0.001, η2 = 0.124) and was statistical significantly influenced by age (P < 0.001, η2 = 0.17), especially in participants aged over 65; by gender, with women having higher values (P < 0.001, η2 = 0.13), and by obesity (P < 0.001, η2 = 0.19). INTERPRETATION: A Pressure Discomfort Threshold pattern exists in the foot plantar surface. The characteristics of the discomfort pattern of the foot and its association with aging, gender and obesity may have considerable implications for orthosis and footwear design.

Hipertensión arterial refractaria en paciente joven secundaria a tumor del cuerpo carotídeo bilateral productor de catecolaminas / Refractory arterial hypertension in a young patient with a bilateral catecholamine-secreting carotid body tumour

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Helminths of Dermatonotus muelleri (Anura: Microhylidae) from Northeastern Brazil.

The helminth fauna associated with Muller's termite frog, Dermatonotus muelleri, from the southern region of Ceará State, Brazil, was studied. The species richness was 6 helminth taxa, including cystacanths of Acanthocephala and 5 nematode species: Aplectana membranosa, Parapharyngodon silvoi, Raillietnema spectans, larvae of Physaloptera sp., and an unidentified nematode. The overall prevalence was 88.6%, with an average intensity of infection of 123.7 ± 26.3. The nematode Raillietnema spectans presented the highest prevalence and was the most abundant ( d = 0.670). Host body size did not influence the intensity of infection nor the richness of helminth species. This study increases the body of knowledge about the diversity of helminth fauna associated with Dermatonotus muelleri from northeastern Brazil, extending the record of hosts and the geographic distribution of these helminth species.

Explante quirúrgico de endoprotésis aórtica tras endofuga de tipo II persistente / Surgical removal of aortic stent grafts after persistent type II endoleak

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Seudoaneurisma gigante por perforación de rama de injerto aortobifemoral en cirugía de prótesis de cadera / Massive pseudoaneurysm secondary to perforation of a branch of an aortobifemoral Dacron(R) graft after total hip arthroplasty

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Disección carotídea secundaria a herida cervical por arma de fuego / Carotid dissection secondary to cervical wound by a firearm

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Compresión de la vía aérea superior secundaria a un pseudoaneurisma carotídeo / Compression of the upper airway secondary to carotid pseudoaneurysm

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Aneurismas poplíteos pequeños. ¿Son todos benignos? / Small popliteal artery aneurysms. Are all of them benign?

INTRODUCCIÓN: Los aneurismas poplíteos (AP) son infrecuentes, sin embargo, sus complicaciones tromboembólicas son usuales y pueden conducir a la pérdida de la extremidad. El comportamiento de los AP pequeños (APP) es incierto. El objetivo de nuestro estudio es: 1) describir y analizar el comportamiento de los APP dentro de una extensa serie quirúrgica de AP; 2) realizar un estudio comparativo con aquellos AP>2cm. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Entre el 31 de agosto de 1986 y el 31 de diciembre de 2013, 157 AP en 132 pacientes fueron intervenidos en nuestro Servicio de Cirugía Vascular. La información ha sido recogida en una base de datos retrospectiva. Se consideran APP aquellos con diámetro transversal ≤ 2 cm. Se establecen 2 grupos: 31 AP ≤ 2 cm (grupo 1) y 126 AP>2cm (grupo 2). RESULTADOS: En el grupo de APP (grupo 1) el 67,7% de los casos fueron sintomáticos y en el grupo 2, el 58,7%, sin diferencias estadísticamente significativas. Los APP se manifiestan con isquemia aguda en el 32,3% de los casos, claudicación en 9,7%, dolor de reposo en el 19,4% y lesiones tróficas en el 6,5%. En el grupo, 2 los casos de dolor de reposo y lesiones tróficas son 5,6 y 0,8%, respectivamente, p = 0,026. La trombosis aneurismática está presente como complicación principal en el 58,1% en el grupo 1 y en el 33,3% en el grupo 2, en tanto que la rotura es del 0% en el grupo 1 y del 6,3% en el grupo 2, p = 0,040. CONCLUSIONES: Los APP no son tan benignos como pudiera pensarse ya que pueden trombosarse y producir isquemia crítica de la extremidad. Puesto que el objetivo de la reparación quirúrgica de un AP es prevenir las complicaciones tromboembólicas, se ha de considerar la reparación de los APP≤2 cm (AU)

BACKGROUND: Popliteal artery aneurysms (PAAs) are uncommon; however thromboembolic complications are usual and may result in limb loss. The natural history of small PAA is unknown. The aim of our study is: 1) to describe and analyse the behaviour of small PAA through our wide experience, and 2) to compare small PAAs to those PAA > 2 c m. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 157 PAAs were operated on in 132 patients were operated on in our vascular surgery department from 31 August 1986 to 31 December 2013. Data from all the patients were retrospectively collected int a database. A small PAA was defined as a popliteal artery with a diameter ≤ 2 cm. Two groups were formeded: 31 PAA ≤ 2 cm (group 1) and 126 PAA > 2 cm (group 2). RESULTS: In group 1, 67.7% PAAs were symptomatic and 58.7% in group 2. In group 1 acute limb ischaemia was observed in 32.3%, claudication in 9.7%, ischaemic rest pain in 19.4%, and tissue loss in 6.5%. There was rest pain in 5.6% and tissue loss in 0.8% of group 2: P=.026. Aneurysm thrombosis was present as a primary complication, in 58.1% of group 1, and in 33.3% of group 2, with aneurysm rotura in 0% of group 1 and in 6.3% of group 2; P=.040. CONCLUSION: A small PAA is not as benign as it might seem, since it may thrombose and can result in limb ischaemia and limb loss. As the objective of popliteal artery aneurysm repair is to prevent thromboembolism, a surgical approach must be considered in small PAAs before complications appear

Antibacterial effect of roselle extracts (Hibiscus sabadariffa), sodium hypochlorite and acetic acid against multidrug-resistant Salmonella strains isolated from tomatoes.

UNLABELLED: Antibiotic-resistant Salmonella strains were isolated from saladette and red round type tomatoes, and an analysis done of the antibacterial activity of roselle calyx extracts against any of the identified strains. One hundred saladette tomato samples and 100 red round tomato samples were collected from public markets. Each sample consisted of four whole tomatoes. Salmonella was isolated from the samples by conventional culture procedure. Susceptibility to 16 antibiotics was tested for the isolated Salmonella strains by standard test. The antibacterial effect of four roselle calyx extracts (water, methanol, acetone and ethyl acetate), sodium hypochlorite and acetic acid against antibiotic-resistant Salmonella isolates was evaluated on contaminated tomatoes. Twenty-four Salmonella strains were isolated from 12% of each tomato type. Identified Salmonella serotypes were Typhimurium and Typhi. All isolated strains exhibited resistance to at least three antibiotics and some to as many as 12. Over contaminated tomatoes, the roselle calyx extracts produced a greater reduction (2-2·6 log) in antibiotic-resistant Salmonella strain concentration than sodium hypochlorite and acetic acid. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: The presence of multidrug-resistant Salmonella in vegetables is a significant public health concern. Multidrug-resistant Salmonella strains were isolated from raw tomatoes purchased in public markets in Mexico and challenged with roselle Hibiscus sabdariffa calyx extracts, sodium hypochlorite and acetic acid. On tomatoes, the extracts caused a greater reduction in the concentration of antibiotic-resistant Salmonella strains than sodium hypochlorite and acetic acid. Roselle calyx extracts are a potentially useful addition to disinfection procedures of raw tomatoes in the field, processing plants, restaurants and homes.