RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Calcific aortic stenosis and coronary artery disease share common risk factors. In some of the previous studies statins have been used to retard the progression of aortic stenosis, but the results were inconsistent. METHODS: One hundred and ten patients of CAS above the age of 40 years have undergone clinical, biochemical and echocardiographic evaluation. Coronary angiograms were done in 66% of them. RESULTS: Male to female ratio was 2:1. Patients of CAS with CAD showed higher prevalence of diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, smoking and family history of CAD. Prevalence of obesity and bicuspid aortic valve by echocardiogram was high in those without CAD. CONCLUSIONS: On comparison of prevalence of risk factor in those with and without associated CAD, there was higher prevalence of diabetes (65% vs 30%), hypertension (52% vs 43%), dyslipidemia (69% vs 52%), smoking (24% vs 18%) and family history of CAD (34% vs 16%) in those with associated CAD. The incidence of obesity was higher in those without CAD (20% vs 30%). The difference observed in diabetes alone was found to be statistically significant.
Assuntos
Estenose da Valva Aórtica/epidemiologia , Valva Aórtica/patologia , Calcinose/epidemiologia , Medição de Risco/métodos , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Estenose da Valva Aórtica/complicações , Estenose da Valva Aórtica/diagnóstico , Estenose da Valva Aórtica/etiologia , Calcinose/complicações , Calcinose/diagnóstico , Angiografia Coronária , Doença da Artéria Coronariana/diagnóstico , Doença da Artéria Coronariana/epidemiologia , Doença da Artéria Coronariana/etiologia , Ecocardiografia , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Incidência , Índia/epidemiologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prevalência , Estudos Prospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Taxa de Sobrevida/tendênciasRESUMO
Calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) is the most common valvular heart disease in the elderly. As life expectancy increases, prevalence of CAVD is expected to rise. CAVD is characterized by progressive dystrophic calcification of aortic cusps. In the initial stages, the pathogenesis is similar to atherosclerosis, characterized by basement membrane disruption, inflammation, cell infiltration, lipid deposition, and calcification. Presence of osteopontin in calcified aortic valves suggests pathological calcification and bone formation in these calcified valves. Historical, experimental, genetic, and clinical evidences suggest that CAVD and atherosclerosis share the same pathological sequences with common risk factors. Understanding the two faces of atherosclerosis, the vascular and valvular, will help us to prevent progression of aortic sclerosis to aortic stenosis, by controlling modifiable risk factors and by initiating statin therapy in them. However, the knowledge about these preventive measures and drugs is scanty. In this review article, an attempt is made to unfurl the relation between atherosclerosis and CAVD.
