Pharmacological Investigation of Ceraceomyces tessulatus (Agaricomycetes) in Mice with Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis.

Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is becoming the most common cause of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Natural products including edible mushrooms are gaining attention for the prevention and treatment of lifestyle related disorders. Ceraceomyces tessulatus (strain BDM-X) possesses potent antioxidative stress activity. In this study, we hypothesize that BDM-X treatment protects the liver of mouse with NASH by reducing inflammation in a novel NASH-HCC mouse model. C57BL/6J female pups were exposed to low-dose streptozotocin (STZ) and fed a high-fat diet (HFD) 32 from the age of 4 weeks to 16 weeks. Water extract of BDM-X was given at 500 mg/kg dose daily by oral gavage started at the age of 12 weeks and continued until 16 weeks of age along with HFD feeding. We found that BDM-X improved the histopathological changes, serum aminotransferases, and blood glucose levels in NASH mice. The hepatic protein expressions of SIRT1 and IL-10 were significantly repressed in NASH mice. BDM-X treatment restored these expressions. BDM-X treatment effectively reduced the progression of NASH by suppressing the protein expression of SREBPlc, p-NF-κB, Ep-CAM, and prothrombin in the NASH liver. In conclusion, our data suggest that BDM-X can protect the liver against inflammation and lipogenesis in NASH-HCC mice.

ZAKα Recognizes Stalled Ribosomes through Partially Redundant Sensor Domains.

Impairment of ribosome function activates the MAPKKK ZAK, leading to activation of mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases p38 and JNK and inflammatory signaling. The mechanistic basis for activation of this ribotoxic stress response (RSR) remains completely obscure. We show that the long isoform of ZAK (ZAKα) directly associates with ribosomes by inserting its flexible C terminus into the ribosomal intersubunit space. Here, ZAKα binds helix 14 of 18S ribosomal RNA (rRNA). An adjacent domain in ZAKα also probes the ribosome, and together, these sensor domains are critically required for RSR activation after inhibition of both the E-site, the peptidyl transferase center (PTC), and ribotoxin action. Finally, we show that ablation of the RSR response leads to organismal phenotypes and decreased lifespan in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans). Our findings yield mechanistic insight into how cells detect ribotoxic stress and provide experimental in vivo evidence for its physiological importance.

Litiasis renal en paciente con enfermedad de crohn: reporte de caso / Renal lithiasis in patient with crohn's disease: case report

Caso de litiasis renal por oxalato de calcio asociado a enfermedad de Crohn de reciente debut en paciente masculino 43 años proveniente del Canton las Piñas, Provincia El Oro en Ecuador, sin antecedentes patológicos en relación a su enfermedad. En enero 2020 acude a consulta particular con dolor en fosa iliaca derecha, fiebre, fatiga, hiporexia, pérdida de peso, tenesmo y diarrea. Gastroenterólogo observó colon derecho con úlceras, áreas de mucosa infiltrada, y el estudio anatomopatológico identifica ulceraciones en subserosa, abscesos, infiltrado inflamatorio mixto, granulomas epitelioides con células gigantes multinucleadas. Previo consentimiento se realiza ecosonografía, detectándose un cálculo renal derecho de 5 mm de tamaño y otro de 4 mm en el izquierdo. El análisis de orina reporta aciduria, cristales oxalato de calcio y la radiografía simple demostró sombra de los cálculos. El estudio metabólico la 1,25 dihidroxivitamina D y la hormona paratiroidea resultó negativo. La evolución fue favorable y continua en control periódico que de ameritar se ordenaría tomografía helicoidal sin contraste o urograma excretorio.

We present a case of kidney stones due to calcium oxalate stones associated with Crohn's disease of recent debut in a 43-year-old male patient from the Piñas canton-El Oro Province-Ecuador with no personal and family pathological history in relation to his disease and that in January 2020 he went to a private medical consultation for presenting colic-type abdominal pain located in the right iliac fossa, fever, fatigue, hyporexia, weight loss, tenesmus and sometimes diarrhea. The gastroenterologist observed: right colon with ulcers and infiltrated mucosa areas; samples are taken for histopathological study. Anatomopathology It was identified ulcerations in subserosa, abscesses, mixed inflammatory infiltrate, epithelioid granulomas with multinucleated giant cells diagnosed with Crohn's disease. With the patient's consent, an echo-sonographic study was made, detecting a right kidney stone 5 mm in size and 4 mm in the left. Urinalysis showed aciduria, calcium oxalate crystals, and plain abdominal radiography showed shadow of the stones. In the metabolic study the 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D and parathyroid hormone was negative. The evolution was favorable and he continuous in periodic control that, if it's required, would be ordered a helical computed tomography without contrast or excretory urogram.

Colgajos locales y pediculados en el manejo de las comunicaciones y fístulas oroantrales / Local and pediculated flaps in the management of oroantral communications and fistulas / Retalhos locais e pediculados no tratamento das comunicações e fistulas oroantrais

El manejo convencional de las comunicaciones oroantrales ha sido a través de técnicas quirúrgicas locales que a través del tiempo aun siguen vigentes para el manejo primario de dicha complicación. La mejoría del conocimiento de la anatomía detallada de la región maxilofacial ha introducido nuevas técnicas con el objetivo de mejorar e incluso tener nuevos alcances con respecto al manejo de las comunicación y fistula oro antrales que con las técnicas clásicas no se lograban. Esta revisión de tema muestra cada una de las opciones disponibles para el manejo de las comunicaciones y fistulas oro antrales con sus indicaciones, técnica quirúrgica y complicaciones...

The conventional management of oroantral communications has been performed through local surgical techniques which over time are still in vigor for the primary management of that complication. The improvement in the understanding of the maxillofacial region detailed anatomy has leaded to the introduction of new techniques with the aim of improving and even obtaining new achievements regarding the management of oroantral communication and fistulas which were not accomplished with the classical techniques. This subject review shows each one of the available options for the management of oroantral communications and fistulas with their indications, surgical techniques and complications...

O tratamento convencional das comunicações oro-antrais tem sido através de técnicas cirúrgicas locais que através do tempo ainda continuam vigentes para o tratamento primário dessa complicação. A melhoria do conhecimento da anatomia detalhada da região maxilo facial introduziu novas técnicas com o objetivo de melhorar e inclusive ter novos alcances com respeito ao tratamento das comunicações e fistula oro-antrais que com as técnicas clássicas não era possível. Esta revisão de tema mostra cada uma das opções disponíveis para o tratamento das comunicações e fistulas oro-antrais com suas indicações, técnicas cirúrgicas e complicações...