Association Between Serum Vitamin D Levels and Body Mass Index Status: A Cross-Sectional Study at King Khalid Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, From 2019 to 2020.

Introduction Low vitamin D levels have been associated more with overweight and obese people in previous studies. One of the possible explanations behind this association is the lipophilic property of vitamin D that causes the vitamin to deposit in adipose tissue and reduces the serum concentration of the vitamin, which still warrants further evaluation. Objective This study estimated the association between serum vitamin D levels and body mass index (BMI) among male patients in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Methods This is a cross-sectional study of male patients that was carried out in King Khalid Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Patients were included between October 2019 and November 2020. Results We concluded that almost half of the patients, 1,132 (48.3%), had adequate vitamin D, followed by 773 (33%) with vitamin D inadequacy, and only 288 (12.3%) had vitamin D deficiency. There was a significant relationship between age and vitamin D levels; younger people had lower vitamin D levels compared to older people (p<0.001). It was found that there was no significant relationship between BMI categories and vitamin D levels (p>0.05). Conclusion According to the findings of the current study, there was no discernible relationship between serum vitamin D levels and BMI. However, there was a substantial correlation between age and vitamin D levels, with younger age groups having lower amounts than older individuals. Future studies should adopt a prospective design encompassing multiple centers and preferably include the risk factors for developing vitamin D deficiency, such as sun exposure, dietary habits, comorbidities, etc. Such studies can provide a more accurate assessment of the association between BMI and vitamin D levels.

A Six-Year-Old Child With Mosaic Trisomy 13.

Trisomy 13 was first described by Patau in 1960. It is a rare genetic disease caused by having an extra copy of chromosome 13. Mosaic trisomy 13 happens when a percentage of the cells are trisomic for chromosome 13, while the remaining cells are euploid. Patau syndrome has a limited survival rate, and most of the carriers die before completing the first year of life. Unlike Patau syndrome, mosaic trisomy 13 is known for longer survival. It is associated with central nervous system malformations, cardiac defects, and psychomotor delay. We report a six-year-old male patient, the third child of a first-degree consanguinity. Born at term via emergency cesarean section due to meconium-stained amniotic fluid and fetal distress. Apgar score nine at one minute and nine at five minutes. Initial examination showed typical dysmorphic features like deep-seated eyes, small palpebral fissure, low set of ears, high arched palate, short neck, and right-hand polydactyly. The diagnosis was made through chromosomal analysis, and it revealed mosaic trisomy 13.