RESUMO
The optical multiplexer was created at a nanoscale plasmonic structure utilizing the finite element method (FEM) with COMSOL version 5.5 software to enable maximum light confinement, high-speed optical systems, and a tiny structure. The metal-insulator-metal technology at a nanoscale dimension is used for creating the 4×1 multiplexer. In this design, the transmission threshold (T t h r e s h o l d ) is selected to be 100% for separating between logic "1" and logic "0" at a 1310 nm operating wavelength. The modulation depth (MD), contrast ratio (CR), and insertion loss (IL) characteristics were explained to evaluate the performance of the multiplexer. The CR has 3.48 dB, the MD offers an ideal performance with 95.28 %, and the IL has 3.31 dB.
RESUMO
This article reports on the effect of aluminum (Al) volume fraction concentration on the thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity of Al nanoparticles suspended in water, ethylene glycol, and ethanol based fluids prepared by the one step method. The Al nanoparticles were independently produced and then mixed with a base fluid to produce the nanoparticles suspension. The thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity of the nanofluids were measured using the hot wire-laser beam displacement technique. The thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity were obtained by fitting the experimental data to the numerical data simulated for Al in distilled water, ethylene glycol, and ethanol. The thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity of the nanofluids increase with an increase in the volume fraction concentration.
