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INTRODUCTION: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a bacterial infection commonly occurring during pregnancy. The incidence of UTI in pregnant women depends on parity, race, and socioeconomic status and can be as high as 8%. OBJECTIVE: The objective was to determine the association of UTI with genital hygiene practices and sexual activity in pregnant women. PATIENTS AND METHODS: From January 2011 to June 2014, a total of 200 pregnant women attending prenatal clinics in Al-Zahra Hospital and King Khalid Hospital in Saudia Arabia Kingdom were selected. Eighty pregnant women, who had positive urine cultures (cases), were compared with the remaining 120 healthy pregnant women matched for age, social, economic and education status, and parity (controls). RESULTS: In the present work, Escherichia coli were the infecting organism in 83% of cases. Factors associated with UTI included sexual intercourse ≥ 3 times/week (odds ratio [OR] =5.62), recent UTI (OR = 3.27), not washing genitals precoitus (OR = 2.16), not washing genitals postcoitus (OR = 2.89), not voiding urine postcoitus (OR = 8.62) and washing genitals from back to front (OR = 2.96) [OR = odds ratio]. CONCLUSION: Urinary tract infection in pregnant women was primarily caused by bacteria from the stool (E. coli) and that hygiene habits, and sexual behavior may play a role in UTI in pregnant women.
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OBJECTIVE: The aim of the trial was to assess the safety and efficacy of tricholoroacetic acid for the treatment of dysfunctional uterine bleeding using topical versus intrauterine instillation. STUDY DESIGN: In a pilot prospective randomized clinical trial, seventy women were randomly allocated to one of two groups. In Group I, the patients were subjected to intrauterine instillation of 95% tricholoroacetic acid. Group II underwent dilatation and curettage before topical application of 95% tricholoroacetic acid. RESULTS: The groups were similar regarding baseline clinical characteristics. There was a satisfactory clinical reduction of menstrual flow (amenorrhea, hypomenorrhea and eumenorrhea) at a rate of 97.1% (Group I) and 85.7% (Group II) at 6 months. A significant increase was observed in the mean haemoglobin value at 3 and 6 months in both treatment groups (P<0.05). Group I showed a significant increase in haemoglobin level compared to Group II (P<0.05) and a significant reduction of the endometrial thickness compared to Group II (2.21 ± 0.41 versus 3.03 ± 3.37). CONCLUSION: Trichloroacetic acid use for treating dysfunctional uterine bleeding seems to be efficient and safe, especially in women who do not require conception. Trichloroacetic acid intrauterine instillation is associated with longer duration of reduced menstrual bleeding than topical application.
