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Food Chem ; 358: 129910, 2021 Oct 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33957602

RESUMO

Sodium metabisulfite (SMB), an antioxidant agent, is extensively used as a preservative in food industry. The current study was aimed to clarify its potential toxic effects on human fetal foreskin fibroblasts (HFFF2) cells, in vitro. Subsequently, MTT results illustrated that exposure to SMB significantly (p < 0.0001) decreased HFFF2 cell viability in a dose-dependent manner, and the concentration of 25 µM reduced cell survival rates to 50% as the half-maximal inhibitory concentration of SMB. It was further shown that SMB exerted this cytotoxic effect on HFFF2 cells through apoptosis induction. qRT-PCR and western blotting results showed that treatment of HFFF2 cells with this food additive led to significant upregulation of Bax, caspase 8, and caspase 9 pro-apoptotic genes and downregulation of Bcl-2 expression as a pro-survival agent. Furthermore, SMB remarkably increased caspase 3 levels and promoted its activation through cleavage in treated cells. Besides, exposure to SMB increased ROS levels and activated autophagy in treated cells, which are considered as the other indicators for cell damage. Taken together, our findings suggested that SMB could exert remarkable toxic effects on human normal cells through multiple mechanisms, including apoptosis activation, and its widespread usage in food safety should be reconsidered.


Assuntos
Apoptose/efeitos dos fármacos , Fibroblastos/efeitos dos fármacos , Aditivos Alimentares/toxicidade , Sulfitos/toxicidade , Apoptose/genética , Autofagia/efeitos dos fármacos , Autofagia/genética , Caspase 3/genética , Caspase 8/genética , Caspase 9/genética , Sobrevivência Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Células Cultivadas , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Fibroblastos/fisiologia , Aditivos Alimentares/administração & dosagem , Prepúcio do Pênis/citologia , Regulação da Expressão Gênica/efeitos dos fármacos , Humanos , Masculino , Espécies Reativas de Oxigênio/metabolismo , Sulfitos/administração & dosagem , Proteína X Associada a bcl-2/genética
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