Uterine junctional zone thickness, cervical length and bioelectrical impedance analysis of body composition in women with endometriosis.

OBJECTIVE: We aimed to evaluate uterine junctional zone thickness, cervical length and bioelectrical impedance analysis of body composition in women with endometriosis. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This is a prospective study conducted in a tertiary teaching hospital. A total of 73 patients were included in the study. Endometriosis was surgically diagnosed in 36 patients (study group). The control group included 37 patients. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Bioelectrical impedance analysis was used to measure body composition. Uterine junctional zone thickness and cervical length were measured by transvaginal ultrasonography. RESULTS: Patients' characteristics (age, gravida, parity, live baby, age of menarche, lengths of menstrual cycle, percentage of patients with dysmenorrhea, positive family history), body mass index (BMI) (kg/m(2)), amount of body fat (kg), percentage of body fat were not statistically different between the two groups (p>0.05). The length of menstruation and cervical length were longer in women with endometriosis. Similarly, the inner myometrium was thicker in women with endometriosis than the control group. CONCLUSION: The relation between endometriosis and demographic features such as age, gravida, parity, gravida, BMI, lengths of the menstrual cycle, age of menarche are controversial. Longer cervical length and thicker inner myometrial layer may be important in the etiopathogenesis of endometriosis.

Efficacy of passive uterine straightening during intrauterine insemination on pregnancy rates and ease of technique.

AIM: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of passive uterine straightening during intrauterine insemination (IUI). MATERIAL AND METHODS: A randomized controlled trial was conducted at Zeynep Kamil Maternity and Pediatric Research and Training Hospital. Participants were 460 women with unexplained infertility. Interventions were IUI by passive straightening of the uterus by means of bladder filling, or IUI performed with an empty bladder. Main outcome measures included pregnancy rate and difficulty of IUI. RESULTS: Four hundred and sixty couples were allocated: 230 couples were allocated to the full bladder group, and 230 couples were allocated to the empty bladder group (control). The pregnancy rate was higher in the full bladder group than in the empty bladder (control) group (P=0.03, 13.5% vs 7.4%; relative risk [RR] 1.95 for pregnant patients; 95% confidence intervals [CI] 1.048-3.637). The risk of undergoing difficult IUI was higher in the empty bladder group than the full bladder group (P<0.001; 10.0% vs 37.8%, RR 0.18 for difficulty IUI; 95% CI 0.11-0.30). The clinical pregnancy rate was also higher in the group of patients who had easy IUI than in the group of patients who had difficult IUI (P<0.05, 12.7% [42/331] vs 5.5% [6/110]); RR 2.51 for pregnancy; 95% CI 1.04-6.09). CONCLUSION: Passive straightening of the uterus makes the procedure less difficult and improves the clinical pregnancy rate.