A mysterious gram-positive rods.

We encountered a patient with a history of intravenous drug use presenting with fever, malaise and nausea who was found to have cavitary lung lesions. Unexpectedly, gram positive rods grew out on day five on multiple blood cultures, which were later identified as Mycobacterium fortuitum. The patient underwent transesophageal echocardiogram, which showed aortic and tricuspid valve vegetations. Liver biopsy demonstrated granulomatous hepatitis. Interestingly, serum alkaline phosphatase level fell with antibiotic treatment. Mycobacterium fortuitum is ubiquitous worldwide, being found in tap water, and soil. M. fortuitum is usually considered as a contaminant. Disseminated infection caused by this bacterium in an immunocompetent host is extremely rare. Most of the disseminated infections have been reported in immune-deficient patients. In immunocompetent people, M. fortuitum causes human infection primarily by direct inoculation, including localized post-traumatic and surgical wound infections, and catheter-related sepsis. Our patient, an HIV-negative intravenous drug user, had Mycobacterium fortuitum sepsis associated with infective endocarditis, septic pulmonary emboli, and granulomatous hepatitis. Interestingly, the patient admitted using tap water occasionally for mixing heroin when her sterile water ran out, which we thought was the likely source of M. fortuitum.

Tracheal carcinoid presenting as refractory cervicalgia in a postpartum patient: correlation versus epiphenomenon.

Primary tracheal carcinoid tumor is an extremely rare disorder that has been reported only occasionally in the medical literature. We report a case of a 36-year-old African American woman who presented to the emergency department complaining of persistent neck pain for the preceding week. She was 2 weeks postpartum and had no significant medical history. Laboratory workup was unremarkable. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging showed a polypoid mass in the trachea. After bronchoscopy and laser ablation of the mass were performed, the final diagnosis of carcinoid tumor was made. To our knowledge this is the first reported case of this tumor in a postpartum patient. Further studies regarding the interactions between the natural history of carcinoid tumors and pregnancy are warranted. Their infrequency, clinical features, and pathophysiology make tracheal carcinoid tumors a formidable and interesting diagnostic challenge.