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BACKGROUND: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is widely recognized for its association with gastric diseases. Prior studies on the relationship between H. pylori infection and biliary diseases have faced constraints, including inadequate control of confounding factors and small sample sizes. This study aims to explore the association between H. pylori infection and biliary diseases using a large, population-based sample with adequate control for various covariates. METHODS: The National Inpatient Sample (NIS) from 2016 to 2020 was used to investigate the association between H. pylori infection and biliary diseases. We identified patients with H. pylori infection using the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision (ICD-10) code (B96.81). Descriptive analysis and inferential statistics, including univariate and multivariate regression, were performed to explore the relationship between H. pylori and selected biliary diseases. Results: Overall, 32,966,720 patients were analyzed. Among them, 736,585 patients had biliary diseases (n=1,637 with H. pylori and n=734,948 without H. pylori). The baseline characteristics revealed notable differences in demographics and healthcare variables between both groups. Univariate regression analysis demonstrated significant associations between H. pylori infection and various biliary diseases such as gallbladder stones, gallbladder cancer, cholangitis, acute cholecystitis, and biliary pancreatitis, with the highest risk for chronic cholecystitis (odds ratio: 5.21; 95% confidence interval: 4.1-6.62; p<0.0001). Multivariate regression analysis, after adjusting for various covariates, confirmed these associations, providing insights into the potential causal relationship between H. pylori and biliary diseases. CONCLUSION: This study strengthens the evidence suggesting a potential association between H. pylori infection and biliary diseases. The findings need to be validated in prospective clinical studies.
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Our goal is to conduct a thorough systematic review and meta-analysis of comparative studies to evaluate the efficacy of LigaSure (Valleylab, Boulder, CO) compared with Harmonic (Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc., Cincinnati, OH) devices in patients undergoing laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG). Our search strategy, from inception until March 1, 2024, involved multiple databases, including the Cochrane Controlled Register of Trials (CENTRAL), Web of Science (WOS), PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar. We evaluated randomized clinical trials using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool for randomized trials (RoB-2) tool and non-randomized studies using the Risk of Bias In Non-randomized Studies for Interventions (ROBINS-I) tool. The primary outcomes assessed were operative time, mean length of hospital stay, and the rates of intraoperative complications such as bleeding, organ injury, leakage, and hematoma formation. Additionally, we collected data on postoperative complications, including bleeding, abscess formation, leakage, fever (>38°C), and reoperation rates. Data were analyzed using random-effects models and reported as mean difference (MD) or risk ratio (RR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) using Review Manager software (RevMan, version 5.4 for Windows, The Cochrane Collaboration, 2020). Four studies, comprising two randomized clinical trials (RCTs) and two retrospective cohort studies, involving a total of 692 patients, were included in the analysis. Both the operative time and length of hospital stay did not significantly differ between the LigaSure and Harmonic groups (p>0.05). The pooled analysis also revealed no significant difference between the LigaSure and Harmonic groups in terms of intraoperative and postoperative complications (p>0.05). In conclusion, our systematic review and meta-analysis found no significant statistical or clinical differences between LigaSure and Harmonic devices in terms of operative outcomes and complication rates in patients undergoing LSG.
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The slow solvent evaporation approach was used to create a single crystal of (C7H6N3O2)2[ZnCl4] at room temperature. Our compound has been investigated by single-crystal XRD which declares that the complex crystallizes in the monoclinic crystallographic system with the P21/c as a space group. The molecular arrangement of the compound can be described by slightly distorted tetrahedral ZnCl42- anionic entities and 5-nitrobenzimidazolium as cations, linked together by different non-covalent interaction types (H-bonds, Cl Cl, π π and C-H π). Hirshfeld's surface study allows us to identify that the dominant contacts in the crystal building are H Cl/Cl H contacts (37.3%). FT-IR method was used to identify the different groups in (C7H6N3O2)2[ZnCl4]. Furthermore, impedance spectroscopy analysis in 393 ≤ T ≤ 438 K shows that the temperature dependence of DC conductivity follows Arrhenius' law. The frequency-temperature dependence of AC conductivity for the studied sample shows one region (Ea = 2.75 eV). In order to determine modes of interactions of compound with double stranded DNA, molecular docking simulations were performed at molecular level.
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The ubiquitous problem of pesticide in aquatic environment are receiving worldwide concern as pesticide tends to accumulate in the body of the aquatic organism and sediment soil, posing health risks to the human. Many pesticide formulations had introduced due to the rapid growth in the global pesticide market result from the wide use of pesticides in agricultural and non-agricultural sectors. The occurrence of pesticides in the water body is derived by the runoff from the agricultural field and industrial wastewater. Soluble pesticides were carried away by water molecules especially during the precipitation event by percolating downward into the soil layers and eventually reach surface waters and groundwater. Consequently, it degrades water quality and reduces the supply of clean water for potable water. Long-time exposure to the low concentration of pesticides had resulted in non-carcinogenic health risks. The conventional method of pesticide treatment processes encompasses coagulation-flocculation, adsorption, filtration and sedimentation, which rely on the phase transfer of pollutants. Those methods are often incurred with a relatively high operational cost and may cause secondary pollution such as sludge formation. Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) are recognized as clean technologies for the treatment of water containing recalcitrant and bio-refractory pollutants such as pesticides. It has been adopted as recent water purification technology because of the thermodynamic viability and broad spectrum of applicability. This work provides a comprehensive review for occurrence of pesticide in the drinking water and its possible treatment.
