[Diagnosis and treatment of biliary tract obstruction in children with biliary atresia]. / Diagnostika i lechenie narushenii prokhodimosti zhelchevyvodiash- chikh putei pri porokakh razvitiia u mladentsov.

Fifty children from one month to 14 years of age were examined and subjected to surgical treatment. Atresia of the bile ducts was diagnosed in 34 of them, hypoplasia of the bile ducts in 5, and a cyst of the choledochus in 11. Biliary atresia was managed by different variants of portoenterostomy, mostly after Kasai I, and two operations of cholecystojejunostomy were conducted in the so-called correctable type of atresia. 5 patients with biliary hypoplasia were treated by cholecystectomy, lavage of the bile ducts, and denervation of the hepatic artery. The following operations were carried out on 11 patients with a cyst of the choledochus: extirpation of the cyst with subsequent hepaticojejunostomy in 4, cystojejunostomy in 5, and cystoduodenostomy in 2 patients. Ultrasonic examination of the liver was undertaken in all 50 patients with impaired patency of the biliary tract as a screening test. Nine patients died in the postoperative period.

[Rectal myectomy in the treatment of chronic constipation in children]. / Rektal'naia miéktomiia pri lechenii khronicheskogo zapora u detei.

Rectal myectomy was used with the positive result in 22 children. In patients with the supra-anal form of the Hirschsprung's disease, rectal myectomy was performed as an independent intervention. In patients with the residual zone of agangliosis after radical intervention, idiopathic constipation after radical myectomy, the pressure in the anal canal reduced, rectal emptying improved.

[Diagnosis and treatment of esophageal achalasia in children]. / Diagnostika i lechenie akhalazii pishchevoda u detei.

The article shows the results of diagnosis and treatment of achalasia of the esophagus in 21 children aged from 20 months to 15 years. Radiological examination with the use of the nitroglycerin test was highly informative and authentic in all cases. To evaluate the condition of the esophagus, additional endoscopic and esophagomanometric examination is necessary. From analysis of the results of drug therapy in all patients, operative in 13, and pneumocardiodilatation in 7 children it was found that treatment of achalasia of the esophagus in children should begin with forced pneumodilatation. Modified Heller's operation with fundoplication produces good results.

[Diagnosis and treatment of Hirschsprung disease in young children]. / Diagnostika i lechenie bolezni Girshprunga u detei rannego vozrasta.

The diagnostic value of instrumental methods of examination and the results of surgical treatment were studied in 56 patients under 3 years of age with Hirschsprung's disease. Complex examination (irrigography, anomanometry, histochemical and neurohistological studies) allows the disease to the diagnosed early and operative treatment to be undertaken in time. Colostomy is the operation of choice for infants. Operation for downward transposition of the colon with primary anastomosis produces better results in older children.