Complications and Patient-Centered Outcomes of an Implant- Supported Single Crown After Immediate and Delayed Loading: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

PURPOSE: To assess the complications, satisfaction, and quality of life of patients rehabilitated with delayed and immediate loading of single crowns. MATERIALS AND METHODS: An electronic search was conducted in PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Embase databases up to February 2023. Only prospective studies and randomized and nonrandomized clinical trials comparing immediate and delayed loading were included. For the quantitative analysis, dichotomous and consistent variables were evaluated with a 95% confidence interval. RESULTS: A total of 20 studies were evaluated. No statistically significant difference was observed between protocols: satisfaction (I2: 0%; P = .42), quality of life (I2: 0 %; P = .05), biologic complications (I2: 9%; P = .17), mechanical complications (I2: 58%; P = .84), and survival rate (I2: 0%; P = .38). The subgroup analysis showed significant differences only for marginal bone loss (MBL) when immediate implants were placed in the mandible (I2: 15%; P = .01) and posterior zone (I2: 0%; P = .001). CONCLUSIONS: Complications and patient-centered outcomes for immediate single-implant crowns were comparable to delayed loading. Scientific evidence showed no significant difference between loading protocols for survival rates. Note that several factors could interfere with the complication events, implant failures, and MBL. The subgroup analysis showed that only immediate implants placed in the posterior mandible had a higher and statistically significant mean MBL.

Prosthetic complications and failures of implant-supported fixed partial dentures: A scoping review.

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: Although high survival rates of implant-supported fixed partial dentures (ISFPDs) have been reported, evidence for complications, failures, and factors that interfere with their longevity is lacking. PURPOSE: The purpose of this scoping review was to review the literature to investigate the most common failures and complications of ISFPDs. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This review followed the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses scoping review (PRISMA ScR) guidelines, and the methodology was registered on the open science framework (osf.io/5xqkp). An electronic search was conducted in PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and Web of Science databases and nonpeer-reviewed literature for articles published from 2013 to January 2023. Studies that evaluated the clinical performance of ISFPDs with at least 1 year of follow-up and described the concepts of failure and success were included. RESULTS: The search yielded 5695 studies. Fourteen articles were included in this review for data extraction. Veneering porcelain fracture, screw fracture, and implant loss were the most common failures reported. Technical complications mainly involved screw loosening, loss of retention, and wear of the screw-access restoration. CONCLUSIONS: Bruxism, mismatch of the thermal expansion coefficient, unsatisfactory support of the framework, choice of cement, shape of the titanium abutments, and extended length of the cantilever were associated with the longevity of the ISFPD. Despite the high survival rate of ISFPDs, data must be carefully interpreted because of the variation in the materials used to manufacture the ISFPD and the heterogeneity of the studies in this review.

Temporomandibular disorders and the use of traditional and laser acupuncture: a systematic review.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate current studies to establish and compare the efficacy of traditional and laser acupuncture in reducing the signs and symptoms of temporomandibular disorders (TMD). METHODS: PubMed, Cochrane, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were searched. Clinical, controlled, and randomized trials written in English and having used traditional or laser acupuncture as therapy for TMD and RDC/TMD or DC/TMD as a diagnostic criterion for TMD were included. RESULTS: Six studies that evaluated the intensity of pain and the level of mouth opening of the patients submitted to acupuncture were selected, and all showed improvement. However, similar results were also observed in the groups treated with occlusal splint and placebo acupuncture. Only one study evaluated laser acupuncture and showed a higher proportion of patients with remission of symptoms in the experimental group. CONCLUSION: The traditional acupuncture seems to relieve the signs and symptoms of TMD, as well as laser acupuncture when associated with occlusal splint. However, more rigorous and high-quality clinical trials are needed.

Pain, deep neck flexors performance, disability, and head posture in individuals with temporomandibular disorder with and without otological complaints.

BACKGROUND: Otological complaints (OC) are highly prevalent in subjects with temporomandibular disorders (TMD) and so is the risk of neck dysfunctions. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate pain, deep neck flexor (DNF) performance, disability, and head and neck posture of individuals with TMD with and without OC. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, 57 individuals were divided into a group with TMD and OC (n= 31) and a group with TMD without OC (n= 26). Self-reported pain intensity, masticatory and neck muscles pressure pain thresholds, DNF performance, neck disability, and head and neck posture were evaluated. Data were compared between groups using the independent t test and Mann-Whitney test with Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons. Effect sizes were evaluated using Cohen's index. RESULTS: The TMD with OC group presented less muscle activation [26 (24-28) vs. 24 (24-26) mmHg; p< 0.05], less endurance [105 (46-140) vs. 44 (28-78) points; p< 0.05], and greater neck disability (8.15 ± 5.89 vs. 13.32 ± 6.36 points; p< 0.05). No significant difference was observed in self-reported pain, head and neck posture, or pressure pain thresholds. CONCLUSION: Individuals with TMD with OC presented decreased DNF performance and increased neck disability compared to individuals with TMD without OC.

Otoneurological assessment and quality of life of individuals with complaints of dizziness and temporomandibular disorders: a case-control study

Abstract Objectives: To evaluate the impact of temporomandibular disorders on the quality of life of patients with dizziness. Methods: An observational, case-control study evaluated 60 individuals with dizziness (20 cases and 40 controls), who were matched for gender and age. The individuals underwent to anamnesis, overall physical and otoneurological examination, tonal and vocal audiometry and impedanciometry, video head impulse test and the dizziness handicap inventory questionnaire. Results: The otoscopy was normal for all patients. There was an association between the presence of temporomandibular disorders and aural fullness (p<0.01) and otalgia (p<0.01). Audiometry was normal in 90% of the patients in the case group, with a significant association between temporomandibular disorders and normal audiometry (p<0.01). The video head impulse test findings were normal in 66% of the patients in the case group and 45% of the control group, and there was no association between having temporomandibular disorders and vestibular alterations at the video head impulse test (p = 0.12). There were significant differences in total dizziness handicap inventory and in the functional and emotional domains (p<0.01), with higher scores in the control group. Conclusion: Aural fullness and otalgia symptoms are associated with temporomandibular disorders in patients with dizziness, and there is an association between normal complementary audiological tests and temporomandibular disorders. Vestibular alterations are not associated with temporomandibular disorders. However, patients with dizziness and without temporomandibular disorders showed greater quality of life impairment. Level of evidence: 3. Original case-control study.

Otoneurological assessment and quality of life of individuals with complaints of dizziness and temporomandibular disorders: a case-control study.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the impact of temporomandibular disorders on the quality of life of patients with dizziness. METHODS: An observational, case-control study evaluated 60 individuals with dizziness (20 cases and 40 controls), who were matched for gender and age. The individuals underwent to anamnesis, overall physical and otoneurological examination, tonal and vocal audiometry and impedanciometry, video head impulse test and the dizziness handicap inventory questionnaire. RESULTS: The otoscopy was normal for all patients. There was an association between the presence of temporomandibular disorders and aural fullness (p < 0.01) and otalgia (p < 0.01). Audiometry was normal in 90% of the patients in the case group, with a significant association between temporomandibular disorders and normal audiometry (p < 0.01). The video head impulse test findings were normal in 66% of the patients in the case group and 45% of the control group, and there was no association between having temporomandibular disorders and vestibular alterations at the video head impulse test (p = 0.12). There were significant differences in total dizziness handicap inventory and in the functional and emotional domains (p < 0.01), with higher scores in the control group. CONCLUSION: Aural fullness and otalgia symptoms are associated with temporomandibular disorders in patients with dizziness, and there is an association between normal complementary audiological tests and temporomandibular disorders. Vestibular alterations are not associated with temporomandibular disorders. However, patients with dizziness and without temporomandibular disorders showed greater quality of life impairment. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 3: Original case-control study.

[Body practices and physical activities in the tripartite management of the SUS: organizational structure, financing and supply]. / As práticas corporais e atividades físicas na gestão tripartite do SUS: estrutura organizacional, financiamento e oferta.

The scope of this study was to analyze the organizational structure, financing and supply of programs and actions of bodily practices and physical activities (PCAF) considering the tripartite management of the Unified Health System (SUS). Focusing on the years2018 to 2020, information was requested from the Ministry of Health (MS), the 26 state health secretariats, the Federal District (SES) and the 26 municipal health secretariats in the capitals (SMS). 40 responses were received (rate of 74%). Based on the relevance of the Expanded Center for Family Health and Primary Care (Nasf AB) in the provision of PCAF, research was also carried out in information systems. It was observed that only the MS, two SES' and four SMS' had a specific PCAF management structure; the possibility of financing was identified by the MS, in six SES' and eight SMS'. With respect to the programs, they seem to be limited to the Health Academy. In relation to the offer of PCAF, it was observed that from 2015 to 2020 the percentage of participation of Nasf AB was always higher than 70%, reaching 82.3%. Thus, the panorama revealed in the MS, SES and SMS capitals sets up a timid arrangement of essential elements of organizational structure, funding, programs, and actions for the PCAF to advance as a public health policy.

Objetivou-se analisar a estrutura organizacional, o financiamento e a oferta de programas e ações de práticas corporais e atividades físicas (PCAF) considerando a gestão tripartite do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). Com recorte nos anos de 2018 a 2020, foram solicitadas informações do Ministério da Saúde (MS), das 26 secretarias estaduais de saúde e do Distrito Federal (SES) e das 26 secretarias de saúde municipais das capitais (SMS). Foram recebidas 40 respostas (taxa de 74%). De forma complementar, a partir da relevância do Núcleo Ampliado de Saúde da Família e Atenção Básica (Nasf AB) na oferta das PCAF, foi realizada pesquisa em sistema de informações. Apenas o MS, duas SES e quatro SMS apresentavam estrutura específica de gestão das PCAF; a possibilidade de financiamento foi apontada pelo MS, em seis SES e oito SMS. Em relação aos programas, parecem limitar-se ao Academia da Saúde. Já em relação à oferta de PCAF, observou-se que, de 2015 a 2020, o percentual de participação do Nasf AB foi sempre maior do que 70%, chegando a 82,3%. Assim, o panorama constituído no MS, nas SES e SMS das capitais configura uma tímida disposição de elementos essenciais, como estrutura organizacional, financiamento, programas e ações para que as PCAF possam avançar enquanto política pública de saúde.

As práticas corporais e atividades físicas na gestão tripartite do SUS: estrutura organizacional, financiamento e oferta / Body practices and physical activities in the tripartite management of the SUS: organizational structure, financing and supply

Resumo Objetivou-se analisar a estrutura organizacional, o financiamento e a oferta de programas e ações de práticas corporais e atividades físicas (PCAF) considerando a gestão tripartite do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). Com recorte nos anos de 2018 a 2020, foram solicitadas informações do Ministério da Saúde (MS), das 26 secretarias estaduais de saúde e do Distrito Federal (SES) e das 26 secretarias de saúde municipais das capitais (SMS). Foram recebidas 40 respostas (taxa de 74%). De forma complementar, a partir da relevância do Núcleo Ampliado de Saúde da Família e Atenção Básica (Nasf AB) na oferta das PCAF, foi realizada pesquisa em sistema de informações. Apenas o MS, duas SES e quatro SMS apresentavam estrutura específica de gestão das PCAF; a possibilidade de financiamento foi apontada pelo MS, em seis SES e oito SMS. Em relação aos programas, parecem limitar-se ao Academia da Saúde. Já em relação à oferta de PCAF, observou-se que, de 2015 a 2020, o percentual de participação do Nasf AB foi sempre maior do que 70%, chegando a 82,3%. Assim, o panorama constituído no MS, nas SES e SMS das capitais configura uma tímida disposição de elementos essenciais, como estrutura organizacional, financiamento, programas e ações para que as PCAF possam avançar enquanto política pública de saúde.

Abstract The scope of this study was to analyze the organizational structure, financing and supply of programs and actions of bodily practices and physical activities (PCAF) considering the tripartite management of the Unified Health System (SUS). Focusing on the years2018 to 2020, information was requested from the Ministry of Health (MS), the 26 state health secretariats, the Federal District (SES) and the 26 municipal health secretariats in the capitals (SMS). 40 responses were received (rate of 74%). Based on the relevance of the Expanded Center for Family Health and Primary Care (Nasf AB) in the provision of PCAF, research was also carried out in information systems. It was observed that only the MS, two SES' and four SMS' had a specific PCAF management structure; the possibility of financing was identified by the MS, in six SES' and eight SMS'. With respect to the programs, they seem to be limited to the Health Academy. In relation to the offer of PCAF, it was observed that from 2015 to 2020 the percentage of participation of Nasf AB was always higher than 70%, reaching 82.3%. Thus, the panorama revealed in the MS, SES and SMS capitals sets up a timid arrangement of essential elements of organizational structure, funding, programs, and actions for the PCAF to advance as a public health policy.

Microencapsulation of Cymbopogon citratus D.C. Stapf Essential Oil with Spray Drying: Development, Characterization, and Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activities.

This study aimed to microencapsulate Cymbopogon citratus essential oil (CCEO) with spray drying using maltodextrin and gelatin. The effects of the operational conditions (inlet temperature (130-160 °C), CCEO concentration (5-15%), maltodextrin concentration (10-20%)) on the physicochemical stability and antioxidant and antibacterial activities of the CCEO microcapsules were determined. The CCEO microencapsulation process had yield and encapsulation efficiency values varying from 31.02 to 77.53% and 15.86-61.95%, respectively. CCEO microcapsules had antibacterial effects against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli with minimum inhibitory concentration varying from 10 to 20%, and total phenolic contents and antioxidant activities varying from 1632 to 4171.08 µg TE/g and 28.55-45.12 µg/g, respectively. CCEO microcapsules had average diameters varying from 5.10 to 10.11 µm, with spherical external structures without cracks and apparent pores. The best desirable process conditions for CCEO microencapsulation were process inlet temperature of 148 °C, maltodextrin concentration of 15%, and CCEO concentration of 10%. The results showed that CCEO microcapsules with increased stability and low degradation of active components can be prepared by spray drying using maltodextrin and gelatin with the production of microcapsules, which could be exploited as potential food preservatives.

Are neck pain, disability, and deep neck flexor performance the same for the different types of temporomandibular disorders?

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate neck pain, disability, and deep neck flexor (DNF) performance of individuals with temporomandibular disorders (TMD). METHODS: Eighty individuals were divided into the following: arthrogenic TMD (n = 40), myogenic TMD (n = 12), and mixed TMD (n = 28). Neck pain intensity, neck disability, and DNF performance were evaluated. RESULTS: Individuals with arthrogenic TMD reported lower intensity of neck pain when compared to mixed TMD (p = 0.01). Individuals with arthrogenic TMD had less neck disability than individuals with myogenic TMD (p = 0.037) and mixed TMD (p < 0.001). A moderate positive correlation was found between neck pain and neck disability (p < 0.001). No differences were found for DNF performance. CONCLUSION: Neck pain and disability differs according to subtype of TMD, but performance of the deep neck flexors does not. Neck pain intensity and neck disability were correlated in patients with TMD.

Prêmio APS Forte no Sistema Único de Saúde-Brasil: principais resultados e lições aprendidas / APS Award in the Unified Health System-Brazil: main results and lessons learned

RESUMO Este trabalho apresenta uma análise dos principais resultados do Prêmio APS Forte no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), em suas três edições, por meio de análise documental e de dados secundários. Nas edições realizadas em 2019, 2020 e 2021, foram aprovadas 3.861 experiências, e premiadas 26 iniciativas de todo o País. Na primeira edição, com foco no acesso universal, foram destacadas experiências de reorganização do processo de trabalho na Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS), de modo a superar barreiras de acesso organizacional e/ou assistencial. Na segunda edição, realizada no contexto da pandemia da Covid-19, evidenciou-se o papel protagonista da APS no enfrentamento da Covid-19, com ações de prevenção, atenção, vigilância e coordenação do cuidado. A terceira edição suscitou a necessidade de práticas de cuidado multiprofissional ampliado para o alcance da integralidade e resolubilidade da APS. O Prêmio tem se configurado como importante estratégia de mobilização dos territórios, de educação permanente, de reconhecimento e compartilhamento de boas práticas e de cooperação institucional entre a Opas/OMS e o Ministério da Saúde do Brasil. A manutenção e a ampliação do Prêmio se mostram fundamental para o fortalecimento da APS e como iniciativa para construção e consolidação de laboratórios de inovação da APS no sistema de saúde brasileiro.

ABSTRACT This work presents an analysis of the main results of the 'APS Forte' Award in the Unified Health System (SUS), in its three editions, through document analysis and secondary data. In all editions, held in 2019, 2020, and 2021, 3,861 experiences were approved and 26 initiatives from all over the country were awarded. In the first edition, focusing on universal access, experiences of reorganization of the work process in Primary Health Care (PHC) were highlighted, in order to overcome barriers to organizational and/or care access. In the second edition, held in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, the protagonist role of PHC in the fight against COVID-19 was highlighted, with actions of prevention, attention, surveillance and coordination of care. The third edition raised the need for expanded multiprofessional care practices to achieve PHC comprehensiveness and resolution. The Award has been configured as an important strategy for mobilizing territories, for continuing education, for recognizing and sharing good practices, and for institutional cooperation between PAHO/WHO and the Ministry of Health of Brazil. The maintenance and expansion of the Award is fundamental for the strengthening of PHC and as an initiative for the construction and consolidation of PHC innovation laboratories in the Brazilian health system.

[The genesis of the Family Health Support Center (NASF) in the primary healthcare agenda in Brazil]. / A gênese do Núcleo de Apoio à Saúde da Família (NASF) na agenda da atenção primária à saúde brasileira.

The article reports on the sociogenesis of the Family Health Support Center (NASF) in Brazil, based on document analysis and 16 in-depth interviews with key informants. Based on triangulation of data and sources and with Pierre Bourdieu as the theoretical reference, a sociohistorical analysis was performed to build a timeline of events related to the formulation of the NASF, including conflicts, interests, alliances, and agreements to allow the proposal's implementation. Four moments were identified in the history of the NASF: from 2000 to 2002, the first discussion for building a proposal to expand the family healthcare (PHC) teams; from 2003 to 2005, drafting a proposal to expand the core team, with the design centered on curative and individual interventions (NAISF); from 2005 to 2006, the repeal of the Brazilian Ministry of Health ruling that established the first proposal, revealing a "vacuum" in the debate on the expansion of PHC teams; and from 2007 to 2008, when the NASF was created with the central purpose of inter-consultation support activities with the family health teams. The genesis of the NASF resulted from a favorable situation in Brazil's political and institutional context, featuring important linkage with members of the government administration and pressure on the Ministry of Health from professional societies and municipal health administrators. The two proposals (NAISF and NASF) were designed differently, although both aimed to expand the scope of practices and case-resolution capacity in PHC. The analysis of the policy's genesis allowed understanding possible repercussions on the policymaking process in ambiguities that are still present in NASF practices.

Este estudo tem como objeto a sociogênese do Núcleo de Apoio à Saúde da Família (NASF) no Brasil, investigada por meio de análise documental e 16 entrevistas em profundidade com informantes-chave. A partir da triangulação de dados e fontes e à luz do referencial teórico de Pierre Bourdieu, realizou-se uma análise sócio-histórica, de modo a construir uma linha cronológica dos acontecimentos relacionados à formulação do NASF, incluindo conflitos, interesses, alianças e acordos realizados para que a proposta fosse viabilizada. Evidenciaram-se quatro momentos na trajetória de construção do NASF: entre 2000 e 2002, ocorreram as primeiras articulações para a construção de uma proposta de ampliação das equipes de atenção primária à saúde (APS); de 2003 a 2005, formulou-se uma proposta de ampliação da equipe mínima com desenho centrado em ações de caráter curativo e individual (NAISF); de 2005 a 2006, houve revogação da portaria ministerial que instituiu a primeira proposta e observou-se um "vácuo" no debate sobre a ampliação das equipes de APS; e de 2007 a 2008, instituiu-se o NASF, cuja proposta centrava-se em ações de apoio matricial às equipes de saúde da família. A gênese do NASF resultou de uma conjunção favorável do contexto político-institucional, de importante articulação de agentes do campo burocrático e de pressões de entidades profissionais e gestores municipais de saúde junto ao Ministério da Saúde. As duas propostas formuladas (NAISF e NASF) apresentavam desenhos distintos, embora ambas visassem ampliar o escopo de práticas e a resolubilidade da APS. A análise da gênese permitiu compreender possíveis repercussões do processo de formulação nas ambiguidades presentes ainda hoje nas práticas do NASF.

Se realizó un estudio de la sociogénesis del Núcleo de Apoyo a la Salud de la Familia (NASF) en Brasil, por medio de análisis documental y 16 entrevistas en profundidad con informantes-clave. A partir de la triangulación de datos y fuentes, además de con la ayuda de las referencias teóricas de Pierre Bourdieu, se realizó un análisis sociohistórico, de modo que se construyó una línea cronológica de acontecimientos relacionados con la formulación del NASF, incluyendo conflictos, intereses, alianzas y acuerdos realizados para la viabilidad de la propuesta. Se evidenciaron cuatro momentos en la trayectoria de construcción del NASF, entre 2000 y 2002 se produjeron las primeras colaboraciones para la construcción de una propuesta de ampliación de los equipos de atención primaria en salud (APS); de 2003 a 2005 se formuló una propuesta de ampliación del equipo mínimo con un diseño centrado en acciones de carácter curativo e individual (NAISF); de 2005 a 2006 hubo una revocación del Decreto ministerial que instituyó la primera propuesta, y se observó un "vacío" en el debate sobre la ampliación de los equipos de APS; y de 2007 a 2008 se instituyó el NASF, cuya propuesta se centraba en acciones de apoyo matricial a los equipos de salud de la familia. La génesis del NASF fue resultado de una conjunción favorable del contexto político-institucional, de una importante colaboración de agentes del ámbito burocrático, así como de presiones de entidades profesionales y gestores municipales de salud junto al Ministerio de Salud. Las dos propuestas formuladas (NAISF y NASF) presentaban diseños distintos, aunque ambas tuvieron como objetivo ampliar el alcance de las prácticas y la resolutividad de la APS. El análisis de la génesis permitió comprender posibles repercusiones del proceso de formulación en las ambigüedades presentes todavía hoy en las prácticas del NASF.

Association of sleep quality and psychological aspects with reports of bruxism and TMD in Brazilian dentists during the COVID-19 pandemic.

BACKGROUND: Dentists are exposed to contamination by SARS-CoV-2 due to dental interventions, leading to a state of alert and potential risk of negative impact in mental health and sleep quality, associated with Temporomandibular Disorder (TMD) and bruxism. OBJECTIVE: to evaluate the psychosocial status, sleep quality, symptoms of TMD, and bruxism in Brazilian dentists (DSs) during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODOLOGY: The sample (n=641 DSs) was divided into three groups (quarantined DSs; DSs in outpatient care; and frontline professionals), which answered an electronic form containing the TMD Pain Screening Questionnaire (Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders - DC/TMD), the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21), and the sleep and awake bruxism questionnaire. ANOVA test and Mann Whitney post-test were used, with Bonferroni adjustment (p<0.016) and a 95% confidence level. RESULTS: Probable TMD was found in 24.3% (n=156) of the participants, while possible sleep and awake bruxism were diagnosed in 58% (n=372) and 53.8% (n=345) of them, respectively. Among all variables evaluated, only symptoms of depression were significantly greater in the quarantined DSs group when compared to those who were working at the clinical care (p=0.002). Working DSs were significantly less likely (OR=0.630, p=0.001) to have depressive symptoms. Those who were not worried or less worried about the pandemic were less likely to experience stress (OR=0.360), anxiety (OR=0.255), and poor sleep quality (OR=0.256). Sleep had a strong positive and moderate correlation with psychological factors on frontline workers and DSs in outpatient care, respectively. CONCLUSION: The results suggest confinement may have a more negative impact on the life of DSs than the act of being actively working. The concern about Covid-19 and poor sleep quality was significantly prevalent and may negatively affect the quality of life of DSs. Thus, further research on the topic is needed.

Impact of Cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.) by-Product on Composition and Metabolic Activity of Human Colonic Microbiota In Vitro Indicates Prebiotic Properties.

Cashew apple by-product (CAB) is an important agro-industrial waste still underutilized, although it has been characterized as source of a variety of nutrients and bioactive compounds. This study evaluated the capability of freeze-dried CAB (FCAB) submitted to a simulated gastrointestinal digestion of inducing changes in relative abundance of distinct microbial groups found as part of human colonic microbiota, as well as in pH and short-chain fatty acid production during a 24-h in vitro fermentation using a pooled human fecal inocula. FCAB increased the relative abundance of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus/Enterococcus during colonic fermentation, besides to decrease the relative abundance of Bacteroides/Prevotella, Eubacterium rectale/Clostridium coccoides, and Clostridium histolyticum. FCAB increased the counts of lactic acid bacteria and decreased the counts of Enterobacteriaceae during colonic fermentation. Furthermore, FCAB decreased pH and increased the production of short-chain fatty acids in colonic fermentation media. These effects could be linked to contents of dietary fibers and the presence of fructans and different phenolic compounds found in FCAB. These results showed that FCAB induced positive alterations in composition and metabolic activity of human colonic microbiota in vitro, which indicate prebiotic properties.

Short-Term Effect of Scalp Acupuncture on Pain, Sleep Disorders, and Quality of Life in Patients with Temporomandibular Disorders: A A Randomized Clinical Trial.

OBJETIVE: To evaluate the effects of Chinese scalp acupuncture in patients diagnosed with temporomandibular disorders (TMD) on pain, sleep, and quality of life (QOL), and compare these results with the results from traditional therapies. METHODS: Sixty patients diagnosed with TMD using the research diagnostic criteria for temporomandibular disorders (RDC/TMD) were allocated into four treatment groups: counseling (C = 15), occlusal splint (OS = 15), scalp acupuncture (SA = 15), and manual therapy (MT = 15). Participants were re-evaluated within 1 month. Three questionnaires were used to access sleep disorders, QOL, and pain: The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL-bref), and the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), respectively. The data obtained were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Science program (SPSS 22.0). RESULTS: The SA group significantly improved pain (P = .015), as well as the OS (P = .01) and MT groups (P = .014). Only the OS (P = .002) and MT (P = .029) groups improved sleep. MT group significantly improved QOL in terms of the physical domain of the WHOQOL-bref (P = .011) and the OS group in the psychological domain (P = .012). CONCLUSIONS: The scalp acupuncture proved to be another alternative for pain relief in patients with TMD, demonstrating positive results in the short term. However, it was not as effective in improving quality of life and sleep.

Simultaneous high nutritional single cell oil and lipase production by Candida viswanathii.

BACKGROUND: Omega fatty acids are a family of polyunsaturated fats associated with several health benefits. Lipases are enzymes with potential application in several food processes such as flavor and aroma, surfactants and formulations for the dairy and bakery industries. In this study, single cell oil and lipase production by Candida viswanathii CCR8137 were evaluated simultaneously from renewable carbon sources under nitrogen limitation. METHODS: Enzyme and single cell oil were obtained in submerged cultivations supplemented with triolein, tributyrin, corn oil, sunflower oil, canola oil and olive oil. The effects of glucose on lipid accumulation, fatty acid profile, enzyme production and cell morphology were also evaluated. RESULTS: The highest lipid accumulation (44.5%, w/w) was obtained from triolein, whereas olive oil was the best inducer of lipase synthesis (26.8 U/mL). Nitrogen limiting cultivations were a key parameter for an organic source which showed higher lipid accumulation and enzyme production than the tested inorganic nitrogen source. Glucose was a poor inducer of lipase synthesis, though increased values of lipid accumulation were observed from this carbon source with a maximum of 63.1% (w/w). The fatty acid profile of lipids produced by C. viswanathii CCR8137 showed a high content of omega-9 fatty acid (C18:1 n-9). The addition of glucose to the culture media resulted in the synthesis of essential fatty acids: vaccenic, linolenic and eicosadienoic acids. CONCLUSIONS: Therefore, C. viswanathii CCR8137 strain can be considered as an oleaginous yeast able to accumulate high concentrations of intracellular lipids, which are potential additives for food industry applications as well as being able to simultaneously synthesize high yields of lipase.

Avaliação da amplitude de abertura bucal em pacientes com disfunção temporomandibular após tratamento com terapia manual / Evaluation of mouthopening amplitude in patients with temporomandibular disorder after treatment with manual therapy / Evaluación de la amplitud de aperturade la bocaen pacientes con transtorno temporomandibulardespués del tratamiento con terapia manual

Introdução:A disfunção temporomandibular,distúrbio que acomete as estruturas ósseas, musculares e articulares da região orofacial tem sido cada vez mais recorrente. Esse distúrbio causa dores, limitação de movimento e alteração na qualidade de vida dos pacientes acometidos com a doença. Se fazemnecessáriasmedidas de controle e tratamento dessadoença de prevalência crescente. Objetivo:Avaliar a amplitude de abertura bucal em pacientes portadores de disfunção temporomandibular, submetidos ao tratamento com fisioterapia após 1 e 3 meses de tratamento.Metodologia:Avaliou-se a amplitude de abertura bucal de 25 pacientes submetidos ao tratamento com fisioterapia. Todos os pacientes foram diagnosticados com disfunçãode acordo com o eixo 1 do "Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders". Os dados colhidos foram avaliados através do programa SPSS e foi realizado o teste Wilcoxon, com nível de confiança de 95%. Resultados:Para pacientes que apresentavam comprometimento da amplitude de abertura máxima sem auxílio, a fisioterapia possibilitou melhora significativa do ganho de amplitude no tempo inicial e após um mês de terapia (p= 0,002), mantendo a amplitude até o terceiro mês, sem apresentar ganho significativo. Conclusões:Para a variável amplitude de abertura bucal, a fisioterapia se mostra como uma boa alternativa de tratamento, alcançando resultados satisfatórios para o ganho de amplitude e melhoria do quadro sintomático do paciente (AU).

Introduction:Temporomandibulardisorder, a disorder that affects bone, muscle and joint structures in the orofacial region has been increasingly recurrent. This disorder causes pain, movement limitation and changes in the quality of life of patients affected by the disease. Control measures and treatment of the disease of increasing prevalence are necessary. Objective:To evaluate the range of mouth opening in patients undergoing treatment with physiotherapy after 1 and 3 months of treatment. Methodology:It was the amplitude of mouth opening in 25 patients submitted to treatment with physiotherapy. All patients were diagnosed with disorder according to axis 1 of the Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders. The collected data were evaluatedusing the SPSS program and the Wilcoxon test was performed, with a 95% confidence level. Results:For patients who presented impairment of the maximum opening amplitude without assistance, physiotherapy enabled a significant improvement in amplitude gainin the initial time and after one month of therapy (p= 0.002), maintaining the amplitude until the third month, without showing any significant gain. Conclusions:For the variable mouth opening amplitude, physiotherapy is shown to be a good treatment alternative, achieving satisfactory results for gaining amplitude and improving the patient's symptomatic condition (AU).

Introducción: El trastorno temporomandibular, un trastorno que afecta las estructuras óseas, musculares y articulares en la región orofacial, ha sido cada vez más recurrente. Este trastorno causa dolor, limitación de movimiento y cambios en la calidad de vida de los pacientes afectados por la enfermedad. Son necesarias medidas de control y tratamiento de la enfermedad de prevalencia creciente.Objetivo: Evaluar la amplitud de la apertura de la boca en pacientes con disfunción temporomandibular, sometidos a tratamiento con fisioterapia después de 1 y 3 meses de tratamiento.Metodología: Se evaluó la amplitud de la apertura de la boca en 25 pacientes sometidos a tratamiento de fisioterapia. Todos los pacientes fueron diagnosticados con trastorno de acuerdo con el eje 1 del Criterios de diagnóstico de investigación para trastornos temporomandibulares. Los datos recopilados se evaluaron utilizando el programa SPSS y se realizó la prueba de Wilcoxon, con un nivel de confianza del 95%. Resultados: Para los pacientes que presentaron deterioro de la amplitud máxima de apertura sin asistencia, la fisioterapia permitió una mejora significativa en la ganancia de amplitud en el tiempo inicial ydespués de un mes de terapia (p=0,002), manteniendo la amplitud hasta el tercer mes, sin mostrar ninguna ganancia significativa.Conclusiones: Para la amplitud variable de apertura de la boca, se muestra que la fisioterapia es una buena alternativa de tratamiento, logrando resultados satisfactorios para aumentar la amplitud y mejorar la condición sintomática del paciente (AU).

Accuracy of CAD-CAM systems for removable partial denture framework fabrication: A systematic review.

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: Removable partial dentures (RPDs) are traditionally made by casting, a complex, error-prone, and time-consuming process. Computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) RPD systems may simplify the clinical steps and minimize errors; however, the accuracy of CAD-CAM RPD systems is unclear. PURPOSE: The purpose of this systematic review was to determine whether CAD-CAM systems are accurate for the manufacturing of RPD frameworks. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A literature search was conducted through Medline-PubMed, Scopus, Lilacs, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases using specific keywords for articles published up to November 2019. Three reviewers obtained data and compared the results. All studies evaluated the framework accuracy or fit of prostheses fabricated with conventional and digital techniques. RESULTS: A total of 7 articles, 2 clinical studies, and 5 in vitro studies that complied with the inclusion criteria were evaluated. One in vitro study compared indirect (extraoral) and direct (intraoral) scanning for partially edentulous ridges and shows that digital scans were better than conventional impressions in terms of trueness. In the other studies included, although the frameworks analyzed had clinically acceptable discrepancies (<311 µm), the material influenced the fit. Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) showed better fit than traditional metal cast RPDs. Co-Cr alloy RPDs produced by rapid prototyping exhibited the highest discrepancies when produced by sintering laser melting. CONCLUSIONS: The results show that the digital technique for RPD frameworks is accurate. In the studies included, the analyzed frameworks had clinically acceptable gaps, but the results were heterogeneous among studies because the articles used different measurement methods with small sample sizes. Few studies discussed the long-term clinical performance. The digital technique for RPD frameworks was accurate because the misfits and mismatches found in in vitro and clinical studies were within the acceptable clinical limit for RPDs.