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Am J Trop Med Hyg ; 110(6): 1191-1197, 2024 Jun 05.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38593787

RESUMO

Glucose-6 phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency (G6PDd) was suggested as a risk factor for severe disease in patients with COVID-19. We evaluated clinical outcomes and glucose-6 phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) activity during and after illness in patients with COVID-19. This prospective cohort study included adult participants (≥ 18 years old) who had clinical and/or radiological COVID-19 findings or positive reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction results. Epidemiological and clinical data were extracted from electronic medical records. Glucose-6 phosphate dehydrogenase activity was measured using SD Biosensor STANDARD G6PD® equipment on admission and 1 year after discharge. Samples were genotyped for the three most common single nucleotide polymorphisms for G6PDd in the Brazilian Amazon. Seven hundred fifty-three patients were included, of whom 123 (16.3%) were G6PD deficient. There was no difference between groups regarding the risks of hospitalization (P = 0.740) or invasive mechanical ventilation (P = 0.31), but the risk of death was greater in patients with normal G6PD levels (P = 0.022). Only 29 of 116 participants (25%) carried the African G6PDd genotype. Of 30 participants tested as G6PD deficient during disease, only 11 (36.7%) results agreed 1 year after discharge. In conclusion, this study does not demonstrate an association of G6PDd with severity of COVID-19. Limitations of the test for detecting enzyme levels during COVID-19 illness were demonstrated by genotyping and retesting after the disease period. Care must be taken when screening for G6PDd in patients with acute COVID-19.


Assuntos
COVID-19 , Deficiência de Glucosefosfato Desidrogenase , Glucosefosfato Desidrogenase , SARS-CoV-2 , Adulto , Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Brasil/epidemiologia , COVID-19/epidemiologia , Genótipo , Glucosefosfato Desidrogenase/genética , Glucosefosfato Desidrogenase/metabolismo , Deficiência de Glucosefosfato Desidrogenase/epidemiologia , Deficiência de Glucosefosfato Desidrogenase/genética , Hospitalização , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único , Estudos Prospectivos , Fatores de Risco , SARS-CoV-2/genética
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