Postoperative pneumonia after femoral fracture surgery: an in-depth retrospective analysis.

BACKGROUND: Femoral fractures significantly contribute to disability, predominantly in the elderly. Despite this, data on postoperative pneumonia following femoral fracture surgeries remains sparse. Our study sought to explore the incidence and impact of postoperative pneumonia on outcomes following such surgeries. METHODS: A retrospective study analyzed femoral fracture patients hospitalized from 2016 to 2022. We scrutinized postoperative outcomes, including pneumonia, hospital stay duration, intensive care unit (ICU) admissions, and in-hospital mortality. We established stringent diagnostic criteria for postoperative pneumonia, incorporating both clinical signs and radiological evidence, excluding patients with prior infections or those discharged within 24 h post-surgery. Statistical analyses involved Chi-square and t-tests, linear regression, and logestic regression using SPSS. RESULTS: Out of 636 patients, 10.8% were diagnosed with postoperative pneumonia. The average age was 79.55 ± 8.57 years, with a male prevalence of 47.8%. Common comorbidities were hypertension (78.3%), diabetes (60.9%), and cardiovascular diseases (40.6%). Surgical interventions were categorized as intramedullary nailing (40.6%), partial hip replacement (37.7%), and dynamic hip screw (21.7%). Postoperative pneumonia was associated with older age (AOR = 1.053, 95% CI 1.020 to 1.087, p = 0.002), ICU admission (AOR = 2.283, 95% CI 1.256 to 4.148, p = 0.007), and longer length of hospital stay (AOR = 1.079, 95% CI 1.030 to 1.130, p = 0.001). The presence of pneumonia was associated with a 2.621-day increase in hospitalization after adjusting for other variables (p < 0.001, 95% CI: 1.454 to 3.789). CONCLUSION: This study accentuates the clinical significance of postoperative pneumonia in femoral fracture patients, with a noted incidence of 10.8%. A notable association with older age, prolonged hospital stays, and ICU admissions was observed, underscoring the necessity of addressing this complication to improve patient outcomes and healthcare resource allocation.

Perceived attitudes and barriers towards medical research: a survey of Jordanian interns, residents, and other postgraduates.

PURPOSE: We investigated research barriers among Jordanian medical postgraduates to understand the current context of the local health research landscape and improve scholarly output. METHODS: Using a validated questionnaire, Jordanian interns, residents, specialists, and consultants were examined for their perceived attitudes and barriers towards research. Participants were conveniently sampled from public, university, military, and private institutions. Differences in responses were examined using the Student t-test and analysis of variance. Binary logistic regression was utilized to examine predictors of being able to publish. RESULTS: A total of 1,141 Jordanian medical postgraduates were recruited, of which 61.3% were junior postgraduates (i.e., interns and residents in their first 2 years of residency) while 38.7% were senior postgraduates (i.e., senior residents, specialists, and consultants). Around 76.0% of participants had no peer-reviewed publications. Of those with least one publication (n=273), only 31.1% had first authorships. Participants portrayed dominantly positive attitudes towards the importance of research. There were no significant differences between junior and senior postgraduates for overall attitudes (p=0.486) and knowledge barriers scores (p=0.0261). Conversely, senior postgraduates demonstrated higher mean organizational barriers (p<0.001). Seniority (odds ratio [OR], 5.268; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.341-8.307), age (OR, 1.087; 95% CI, 1.019-1.159), academic standing (OR, 1.730; 95% CI, 1.103-2.715), and confidence (OR, 1.086; 95% CI, 1.009-1.169) were positive predictors of publication in peer reviewed journals. CONCLUSION: The Jordanian medical research landscape is riddled with all forms of different barriers. The reworking of current and integration of new research training programs are of utmost importance.

Factors influencing gender preference towards surgeons among Jordanian adults: an investigation of healthcare bias.

Studies investigating gender bias against female surgeons yielded conflicting results ranging from neutrality to a clear preference towards male surgeons. Yet, such bias remains understudied within Middle Eastern nations. We aimed to assess preferences of surgeons' gender among Jordanians and explore reasons for possible gender bias across different surgical specialties. A total of 1708 respondents were examined using a cross-sectional, self-administered questionnaire to evaluate the gender preferences of surgeons, characteristics associated with preferred surgeon's gender, and surgeon's preference in certain specialties. Nearly 52.0% of participants had no gender preference for surgeons. Among those with a preference, 75.7% preferred male surgeons while 24.3% preferred female surgeons. Reputation, knowledge, and experience were the most important factors when choosing a surgeon. Male surgeons were viewed as more trustworthy, knowledgeable, experienced, and communicative. Female surgeons were dominantly perceived as more compassionate, cooperative, and prone to listen. Male respondents were 5 times more likely to choose a surgeon of similar gender (OR 5.687; CI 3.791-8.531). Male surgeons were favored for cardiovascular and orthopedic surgeries. Similarly, female surgeons were favored in gynecological and obstetric surgeries, plastic surgeries, and breast surgeries. Female gender (OR 6.193; CI 4.077-9.408), living outside Amman (OR 1.517; CI 1.066-2.160), and being married (OR 2.504; CI 1.601-3.917) were all significant positive predictors of preferring female surgeons. Our findings highlight differences in gender preference and perception of surgeons among Jordanian adults.

Current Awareness Status of and Recommendations for Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome: A National Cross-Sectional Investigation of Central Jordan.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common reproductive disorder that is related to a number of health issues and has an influence on a variety of metabolic processes. Despite its burden on the health of females, PCOS is significantly underdiagnosed, which is associated with lack of disease knowledge among females. Therefore, we aimed to gauge the awareness of PCOS in both the male and female population in Jordan. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted, targeting individuals over the age of 18 from Jordan's central region. Participants were recruited through stratified random sampling. The questionnaire consisted of two domains, including demographics and knowledge of PCOS domains. A total of 1532 respondents participated in this study. The findings revealed that participants have overall adequate knowledge regarding PCOS's risk factors, etiology, clinical presentation, and outcomes. However, participants demonstrated subpar familiarity of the association between PCOS and other comorbidities and the effect of genetics on PCOS. Women had more knowledge than men about PCOS (57.5 ± 6.06 vs. 54.1 ± 6.71, p = 0.019). In addition, older, employed, and higher-income populations showed significantly better knowledge than younger, unemployed, self-employed, and lower-income populations. In conclusion, we demonstrated that Jordanian women demonstrate an acceptable yet incomplete level of knowledge towards PCOS. We recommend establishing educational programs by specialists for the general population as well as medical personnel to spread accurate medical information and clarify common misconceptions about signs, symptoms, management, and treatment of PCOS, and nutritional knowledge.