Dementia Knowledge Among Primary Healthcare Physicians in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

INTRODUCTION: Dementia poses a significant healthcare challenge globally, and healthcare providers must have adequate knowledge about its diagnosis, management, and support services. By assessing the knowledge level of primary care physicians in Riyadh, we can identify potential gaps and areas for improvement in dementia care, ultimately enhancing patient outcomes and quality of life. This study holds promise in shedding light on the current state of dementia knowledge among primary healthcare physicians in Riyadh and offering insights into strategies to enhance dementia care in this region. METHODS: This cross-sectional questionnaire-based study was conducted from the first of June 2023 to the end of December 2023 in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. A validated questionnaire was used to assess physicians' knowledge, attitude, and practice toward dementia. RESULTS: A total of 151 physicians completed the questionnaires. The majority were male (55%), below 30 years of age (88.1%), and family medicine residents (84.8%). Most (74.8%) recognized old age as the most significant risk factor; an overwhelming majority of participants (98.7%) could not identify the minimum course of treatment to judge a medication's effectiveness. The average score of correct responses (7.74 ∓ 4.11) was equivalent to 38.7%. Furthermore, the average correct responses were significantly different among the different job levels of the participants. CONCLUSIONS: The findings of this study highlight a lack of knowledge among primary care physicians regarding dementia, emphasizing the crucial importance of physician education in this area. Additionally, the results strongly indicate the need for emphasis on dementia education within the undergraduate medical curriculum, family medicine curriculum, and physician training programs. By addressing these educational gaps, we can better equip physicians to provide optimal care and support for individuals with dementia, ultimately improving patient care and quality of life.

An Unusual Presentation of Subscapularis Tendon Calcific Tendonitis.

Rotator cuff tendons are predisposed to calcific tendonitis and may present in single or multiple tendons. Despite the existence of several treatment strategies that have been proposed, clinical outcomes are controversial. Our study aims to report a case of large subscapularis tendon calcific tendonitis that was refractory to non-operative management and to investigate the clinical presentation, imaging findings, and treatment outcomes. A 42-year-old male patient presented to us for the first time complaining of right shoulder pain and weakness for 18 months with no improvement with non-operative treatment. Shoulder radiographs showed calcific tendonitis of the supraspinatus tendon. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a larger calcific deposit with low signal intensity on all sequences within the subscapularis, along with smaller calcific deposition within the supraspinatus tendon. The patient underwent right shoulder arthroscopic debridement of calcific tendonitis and has shown an improved range of motion and pain at postoperative follow-up. Considering arthroscopic debridement for calcific tendonitis that is refractory to non-operative treatment is an effective and safe intervention in relieving patient pain and improving function and quality of life.

Awareness and Perception Toward Nicotine Replacement Therapy Among Medical Students at Umm Al-Qura University.

Background Tobacco smoking is a leading cause of premature mortality worldwide, with most deaths attributed to smoking-related diseases. Quitting smoking can have significant health benefits and increase one's lifespan. Nicotine, the addictive component of tobacco, can lead to cravings and withdrawal symptoms. Nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) can be an effective aid in easing these symptoms. This study aimed to estimate the awareness, acceptance, knowledge, and perception of NRT among medical students at Umm Al-Qura University in Makkah City. Methodology A cross-sectional survey method using Google Forms was utilized to distribute a questionnaire among medical students. The data were analyzed data using RStudio with statistical significance set at p-values <0.05. Results Of the 310 students included in this study, the majority were males (56.5%) and were aged between 21 and 24 years. Overall, 31.9% of the participants were in their fourth year of study. Regression analysis showed that being in the fifth or sixth academic year significantly predicted awareness of NRT. Conclusions Senior-year medical students had more knowledge and awareness about NRT than their junior colleagues. Future recommendations are vital for medical students to increase their knowledge, awareness, and practice regarding NRT.

Medial Femoral Condyle Cyst in Severe Varus Knee Osteoarthritis: A Finding Prior to Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty.

Knee osteoarthritis (OA) often results in subchondral bone cysts (SBCs), which were initially identified as a concentric arrangement of trabeculae surrounding an enlarged marrow space on plain radiographs. Although the Anderson Orthopedic Research Institute (AORI) classification is commonly used, it lacks quantitative measures and is based on radiographs, which can underestimate the actual bone defect. There is a need for a more comprehensive classification system to achieve accurate preoperative planning for bone defect management. A 74-year-old male presented, complaining of bilateral knee pain that began seven years ago. Non-operative management failed to relieve his symptoms despite his ideal BMI of 23.6. Initial radiographs revealed severe bilateral OA (Kellgren and Lawrence grade 4) with a suspected cyst occupying the medial femoral condyle. A CT scan of the right knee confirmed the presence of a cyst in the medial femoral condyle. The authors believe that patients with severe knee OA (Kellgren and Lawrence grade 3 or 4) should not simply be treated as having a sequel of knee arthritis. Instead, a CT scan should be conducted to confirm the size and extent of any cyst.

Total Knee Arthroplasty Wrong Side Implant.

We report a unique wrong implant error during bilateral total knee replacement procedure in 72-year-old woman with bilateral knee osteoarthritis that failed conservative treatment. Patient has severe bilateral knee pain. Examination showed full range of motion. X-ray showed severe bilateral tricompartmental osteoarthritis. Patient underwent surgery in 2013; postoperative radiographs showed well-fixed femoral, tibial, and patellar components but right femoral implant was placed in the left knee. Postoperative examination showed painless full range of motion. One similar case report found describing wrong-site femoral component that ended with symptomatic. In our case, no complications were observed.