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Background: Stretch marks, also known as striae cutis distensae (SD), are visible linear scars that occur in regions of dermal damage due to skin stretching. Stretch marks are not serious health issues, but they may have a major psychological effect on patients. Due to poor skin color improvement or prolonged skin atrophy, there is no standard treatment for SD. Fillers have been studied for their effectiveness in the treatment of SD. Objective: This systematic review aims to determine the efficacy of fillers on SD. Methods: This systematic review is reported following PRISMA guidance. We included all relevant articles published up to November 2022 in the following electronic databases: Science Direct, Midline, the Web of Science, CINAHL, and Google Scholar. The initial search yielded 119, of which seven were included after applying inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: The systematic review included a total of 184 female participants who were over the age of 18 years old. Three studies used jet volumetric remodeling (JVR) to inject HA pneumatically. One study injected polycaprolactone filler. One study used calcium hydroxylapatite, micro-needling, and ascorbic acid. MFU-V and CaHA were given in one study. One study delivered MFU-V using micro-focused ultrasound. All studies showed that it reduces SD with only mild, temporary side effects. More favor was given to combining CaHA and MFU-V, which had the fewest side effects compared to other dermal fillers. Conclusion: As monotherapy or combination therapy, injectable dermal fillers may treat SD with minimal adverse effects. We suggest that more RCTs look into injectable dermal filler to find out what is best for patients with SD and compare it to other treatment methods in terms of results, costs, and side effects to provide satisfactory practice and basic guideline interventions for these cases.
RESUMO
Background: Knowing normal values of scalp hair thickness and density is beneficial for diagnosing hair disorders, monitoring responses to therapy, performing hair transplants, and conducting relevant research. Such normal values have not yet been studied for Arabs. Objective: To assess the hair density and diameter of the Arab population at different scalp sites using phototrichogram. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was performed at King Saud University Medical City from December 2021 to August 2022. The study was conducted on Arab adults who were not suffering from any hair disorder. The study was conducted using a questionnaire and clinical examination by phototrichogram. Results: A total of 120 participants were enrolled in this study. The mean hair density was 147.1± 7.8 hairs/cm2, and the mean hair diameter was 87±4.9 µm. There were significant differences between hair density (P=0.0001) and diameter (P=0.0001) in different regions of the scalp. Females had higher hair density than males at occiput (P=0.038). Conclusion: Arab hair has a higher thickness and lower density than hair of other ethnicities. This needs to be considered when diagnosing and/or treating hair problems in Arabs.
RESUMO
Background: Post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH) is skin hyperpigmentation that occurs due to any inflammatory condition. Triggering the melanocytes by inflammation leads to melanin overproduction and deposition. Tranexamic acid (TXA) is an antifibrinolytic medication prescribed to treat bleeding. Recently, there are some studies about the use of TXA in the treatment of PIH. Objective: The aim of this study is to identify the efficacy and the best mode of delivery for tranexamic acid in the treatment of PIH. Methods: This systematic review is reported in accordance with PRISMA guidance. We included all relevant English-language studies that were published up to September 2022 in the following electronic databases: Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase, and Google Scholar. The initial search yielded 61 articles, 9 of which were included after applying inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: The systematic review included a total of 196 patients who were over the age of 16 years old. Tranexamic acid was delivered orally in 4 studies, topically in 2 studies, and both simultaneously in 1 study. In addition, intradermal injection was used in 2 other studies. Almost all studies advocated the use of all routes for accelerating the clearance of hyperpigmentation with more favor towards topical and intradermal routes due to their mild reported side effects when compared to oral routes. Conclusion: Intradermal TXA is considered the best route, which exhibits fewer side effects with less cost and excellent outcomes, while oral TXA is found to be less preferable than other routes due to the incidence of undesirable adverse events.
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Darier disease is a rare type of autosomal dominant genodermatosis, and it is caused by a mutation in the gene coding for the endoplasmic reticulum membrane calcium pump Ca2+-ATPase type 2, leading to compromised intercellular adhesion. Moreover, this condition is characterized by multiple keratotic greasy papules with a seborrheic distribution and is worsened by heat and sun exposure, sweating, and friction. Occasionally, it may be associated with nail abnormalities and may involve the mucosa. Unilateral segmental Darier disease is a rare variant characterized by unilateral eruption of erythematic keratotic papules not associated with other conditions. Herein, we report a case of type 1 segmental Darier disease. Furthermore, the main characteristics and treatment options are discussed.
RESUMO
Purpura fulminans is a critical, mostly fatal, thrombotic syndrome that requires urgent intervention. Purpura fulminans is an acute purpuric rash characterized by coagulation of the microvasculature, which leads to purpuric lesions and skin necrosis. In this report, we present a rare case of an adult patient who was admitted with rapidly forming purpura fulminans in an uncommon location.
