Lichen Planus of the Eyelids: Case Report of a Rare Presentation of a Common Dermatosis.

Lichen planus (LP) is a common T-cell-mediated autoimmune skin disease, and its exact etiology is unknown. Typically, it affects the trunk, flexural surfaces, and the mucosa.We report a rare finding of LP involving both eyelids in a 67-year-old female. A 67-year-old Saudi female with a medical history of diabetes mellitus, hypothyroidism and rheumatoid arthritis presented with a three-month history of pruritic skin eruptions in both eyelids. She had no associated musculoskeletal symptoms or fatigue and no medical or family history of atopy. The patient had violaceous, thin, scaly plaques confined to both eyelids. Oral mucosa, genitalia, scalp, and nails were not affected. Histopathology from the right lower eyelid confirmed the diagnosis of LP. Hepatitis C virus serology was negative. Patient was examined by ophthalmology to rule out conjunctival involvement of LP. She had dry eyes only. She was initially managed by topical tacrolimus 0.1% ointment and didn't tolerate it due to severe reaction. She tolerated mometasone propionate 0.1% cream, which relieved the itch and partially improved the lesions. Although rare, LP of the eyelids must be considered among differential diagnoses of eyelid dermatitis. It can be confined, or it may concomitantly involve other parts of the body. LP of the eyelid may also extend to the conjunctiva, so it's important to screen patients by ophthalmology to rule out possible ocular involvement. This is the first case report of a Saudi patient with LP confined to the eyelid. The management of LP involving the eyelids is challenging. Treatment options include topical steroids, tacrolimus ointment, phototherapy and oral retinoids (etretinate).

The Association Between Parents' Knowledge About Human Papillomavirus and Their Intention to Vaccinate Their Daughters: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Introduction The human papillomavirus (HPV) causes the most sexually transmitted infections (STIs) worldwide. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), cervical cancer is the fourth most common type of cancer among women worldwide and the eighth leading cause of female cancer death in Saudi Arabia, especially in women between the ages of 15 and 44. The HPV vaccine is known to prevent HPV disease and death. Because parents are often the decision-makers regarding receiving HPV vaccination during adolescence, assessing parents' knowledge about HPV and its relationship with their intention to vaccinate their daughters is highly necessary. Materials and methods An exploratory descriptive cross-sectional study design was used. A total of 773 parents, both mothers and fathers, of female students attending sixth grade from all areas of Jeddah city in Saudi Arabia were recruited. A self-administered validated questionnaire was used to collect the necessary data. Results The current study findings showed that 356 (46.1%) parents had poor knowledge about HPV, 119 (15.4%) had a fair level of knowledge, and 298 (38.5%) had a good level of knowledge. While 344 (44.5%) had intention to vaccinate, 337 (43.6%) were not sure and 92 (11.9%) were not intending to vaccinate. A significant association was identified between knowledge level and respondents' variables such as being the father or mother, nationality, age, educational level, sector of employment, and monthly income. Employment status was significantly associated with the intention to vaccinate against HPV. Conclusion Concerns about the effectiveness and safety of the HPV vaccine as well as lack of knowledge about HPV and the vaccine influenced parents' negative intention to obtain the vaccine. Health promotion initiatives for the HPV vaccine should be culturally responsive and emphasize the risks and benefits of the vaccine for women. Knowledge and attitudes about HPV can be improved through concise, visually designed, and comprehensive educational intervention programs targeting parents and their children at schools. Despite the proven safety and efficacy of HPV vaccines, more comprehensive strategies may be needed in the future to increase coverage rates of HPV vaccination nationwide.

Mucocele of the Paranasal Sinuses: Retrospective Analysis of a Series of Eight Cases.

BACKGROUND:  Paranasal sinus mucoceles are epithelium-lined cystic masses usually resulting from obstruction of sinus ostia. They most frequently occur in the frontal and ethmoid sinuses. The etiology is not clarified, but the most common identifiable cause of mucoceles following functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS), trauma, neoplasms, and allergy. The clinical symptoms of mucocele vary and are not specific, the most common being ophthalmic symptoms and headache, impinging on adjacent orbital structures, and causing ophthalmic sequelae such as double vision, commonly followed by orbital swelling, epiphora, proptosis, and ptosis. All patients in this study had frontal and frontoethmoidal mucocele and initially complained of frontal headache and ophthalmic symptoms. Definitive treatment options for paranasal sinus mucoceles include external approaches and endoscopic marsupialization.  Objective: The study aimed to identify the etiology, clinical presentation, most common para nasal sinus affected by mucocele, management, and the rate of recurrence in eight cases with mucocele of the paranasal sinuses. METHODS:  Eight patients diagnosed with mucocele of the paranasal sinuses were admitted to our institution between 2014 and 2021. There were two females and six males aged between 14 and 67. Initial symptoms, duration, clinical presentation upon admission, location of the mucocele, type of surgical intervention, and outcome have all been studied.  Results: The most common symptoms at diagnosis were orbital involvement, retrobulbar, and frontal headache. Most patients were diagnosed with frontal mucocele (40%), and three were frontoethmoidal mucocele at the time of presentation. The rest of the cases were diagnosed with ethmoidal mucocele (25%). The etiology was identified in four patients and was unclear in the rest. All patients underwent endoscopic sinus surgery. The most identifiable postoperative complication was a headache. CONCLUSIONS:  The endonasal endoscopic approach is a safe and effective treatment for paranasal sinus mucocele and provides adequate drainage with a low recurrent rate.

Development of Novel Microwell-Based Spectrofluorimetry and High-Performance Liquid Chromatography with Fluorescence Detection Methods and High Throughput for Quantitation of Alectinib in Bulk Powder and Urine Samples.

Background and Objectives: This study presents the development and validation of the 96-microwell-based spectrofluorimetric (MW-SFL) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with fluorescence detection (HPLC-FD) methods for the quantitation of alectinib (ALC) in its bulk powder form and in urine samples. Materials and Methods: The MW-SFL was based on the enhancement of the native fluorescence of ALC by the formation of micelles with the surfactant cremophor RH 40 (Cr RH 40) in aqueous media. The MW-SFL was executed in a 96-microwell plate and the relative fluorescence intensity (RFI) was recorded by utilizing a fluorescence plate reader at 450 nm after excitation at 280 nm. The HPLC-FD involved the chromatographic separation of ALC and ponatinib (PTB), as an internal standard (IS), on a C18 column and a mobile phase composed of methanol:potassium dihydrogen phosphate pH 7 (80:20, v/v) at a flow rate of 2 mL min-1. The eluted ALC and PTB were detected by utilizing a fluorescence detector set at 365 nm for excitation and 450 nm for emission. Results: Validation of the MW-SFL and HPLC-FD analytical methods was carried out in accordance with the recommendations issued by the International Council for Harmonization (ICH) for the process of validating analytical procedures. Both methods were efficaciously applied for ALC quantitation in its bulk form as well as in spiked urine; the mean recovery values were ≥86.90 and 95.45% for the MW-SFL and HPLC-FD methods, respectively. Conclusions: Both methodologies are valuable for routine use in quality control (QC) laboratories for determination of ALC in pure powder form and in human urine samples.

Adoption of Wearable Insulin Biosensors for Diabetes Management: A Cross-Sectional Study.

BACKGROUND: Wearable insulin biosensors represent a novel approach that combines the benefits of real-time glucose monitoring and automated insulin delivery, potentially revolutionizing how individuals with diabetes manage their condition. STUDY PURPOSE: To analyze the behavioral intentions of wearable insulin biosensors among diabetes patients, the factors that drive or hinder their usage, and the implications for diabetes management and healthcare outcomes. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey design was adopted in this study. The validated questionnaire included 10 factors (Performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, facilitating conditions, behavioral intention, trust, perceived privacy risk, and personal innovativeness) affecting the acceptance of wearable insulin sensors. A total of 248 diabetic patients who had used wearable sensors participated in the study. RESULTS: Performance expectancy was rated the highest (Mean = 3.84 out of 5), followed by effort expectancy (Mean = 3.78 out of 5), and trust (Mean = 3.53 out of 5). Statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) were observed with respect to socio-demographic variables including age and gender on various influencing factors and adoption intentions. PE, EE, and trust were positively associated with adoption intentions. CONCLUSION: While wearable insulin sensors are positively perceived with respect to diabetes management, issues like privacy and security may affect their adoption.

Androgenic steroids dysregulation and the risk of coronary artery disease.

INTRODUCTION: Endogenous testosterone deficiency or excess anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS) have been linked to alter the physiology of different organs in the body, more specifically, the vasculature of coronary arteries. Despite the health-related concerns of using synthetic testosterone derivatives, such as AAS, there has been a tremendous increase in the use of AAS among athletes and bodybuilders. AREAS COVERED: We have highlighted the three main mechanisms that AAS increase the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD): altering the homeostasis of lipid metabolism which results in dyslipidemia and subsequently atherosclerosis, disturbing the function of platelet which results in platelet aggregation and subsequent thrombosis, and increasing the risk of coronary vasospasm by affecting the physiological function of vascular bed. EXPERT OPINION: Despite the restriction of AAS in specific clinical conditions such as testosterone deficiency and cancer therapy, many amateurs' athletes misuse the AAS. Although there has been a strong association between the AAS misuse and risk of developing CAD, the more valued approach would be a randomized clinical double-blind trial. The suggested primary endpoint would be an occurrence of adverse cardiovascular events, such as myocardial infarction, cerebrovascular accidents, and death. Increasing awareness of the risk of missing AAS among high-risk groups is imperative.

Novel spectrofluorimetric determination of brigatinib in bulk powder and human urine samples via ion-pair complex formation using eosin Y.

The developed spectrofluorimetric method was successfully applied to the analysis of brigatinib (BRG) in its bulk powder form, and human urine sample. It is based on the investigation of the fluorescence spectrum behavior of the BRG-eosin Y complex. The relative fluorescence intensity (RFI) was recorded at 560 nm after excitation at 480 nm. The principle of the proposed method was thoroughly explained. All experimental parameters affecting method development were optimized. Moreover, the obtained results were fully discussed and statistically analyzed. The molar ratio method was applied to study the stoichiometric relationship between BRG and eosin Y complex. The method revealed a ratio of 1:3 for BRG-eosin Y afforded the highest RFI. The developed method was validated over the concentration range of 62.5-4000 ng mL-1. The results were compared positively with the reported method.

Ocular Adverse Effects of Amiodarone: A Systematic Review of Case Reports.

SIGNIFICANCE: Amiodarone is an excellent antiarrhythmic medication; however, it has numerous systemic and ocular adverse effects. PURPOSE: We aimed to improve our understanding of amiodarone and its ocular adverse effects by performing a systematic review and meta-analysis of published case reports. METHODS: This systematic review was reported in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses guidelines. We used the MEDLINE database, primarily through PubMed, and used keywords (amiodarone, eye, eye diseases, visual/ocular adverse effects/manifestations) to identify case reports of ocular adverse effects after amiodarone use. The initial search resulted in 92 total case reports. However, after excluding nonrelevant case reports, 25 cases were selected for the final analysis. RESULTS: Among the patients in the 25 case reports, 18 were male (72%), and the median age was 66 ± 9.9 years. In 15 cases (60%), the patients reported halos around light and/or decrease in vision after amiodarone use. The most common ophthalmic examination findings were cornea verticillata/vortex keratopathy in 19 cases (76%), followed by different patterns of papilledema and retinal hemorrhages in 5 cases (20%). Discontinuation of amiodarone was the most common intervention, followed by application of topical heparin. Outcomes among case reports were variable. CONCLUSIONS: Cornea verticillata/vortex keratopathy was the most common ocular adverse effect in cases where amiodarone was administered. Early recognition of amiodarone-induced ocular adverse effects is imperative to prevent worsening keratopathy or uncommon adverse effects. Collaboration between physicians prescribing amiodarone-to recognize the ocular symptoms-and referral to eye care physicians are important.

Therapeutic approaches in hypertriglyceridemia-induced acute pancreatitis: A literature review of available therapies and case series.

Hypertriglyceridemia-induced acute pancreatitis (HGAP) is the third most common etiology of acute pancreatitis. HGAP can be attributed to genetic disturbances in triglyceride metabolism or multiple secondary causes. Here, we presented three cases for HGAP and explored different therapeutic approaches for treating HGAP. A case series of three patients who presented with HGAP and underwent different therapeutic approaches was conducted. The first patient was a 37-year-old male who presented with nonsevere HGAP; he was treated with conservative therapy with insulin and heparin infusion, which resulted in clinical and laboratory improvement. The second patient was a 64-year-old male with human immunodeficiency virus on multiple highly active antiretroviral therapy. He presented with severe HGAP and multiorgan failure. After initiation of therapeutic plasma exchange, his HGAP resolved. The third patient was a 28-year-old male who presented with recurrent episodes of HGAP; his conservative therapy failed and was eventually escalated to therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE). HGAP can be attributed to genetic disturbances of lipid or secondary etiologies. A nonsevere form of HGAP can be managed with conventional therapy including insulin and heparin; however, severe HGAP may require TPE.

New bioanalytical microemulsion Electrokinetic chromatography method for the simultaneous determination of Trifluridine with its metabolites and Tipiracil in rat plasma: Application to pharmacokinetic studies.

A Microemulsion Electrokinetic Chromatography method coupled with diode array detector (MEEKC-DAD) was developed for the first time and found to be efficient, sensitive, and selective for the simultaneous analysis of Trifluridine (FTD), and its metabolites 5-(trifluoromethyl) uracil (FTY) and 5-carboxy-2'-deoxyuridine (5CDU), and Tipiracil (TIP) in rat plasma. Sample pre-treatment involved a simple protein precipitation from plasma using acetonitrile. The separation was achieved using a fused silica capillary (65 cm total length, 55 cm effective length and 50 µm i.d.) and a microemulsion solution consisted of 1.66% sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), 0.91% heptane, 6.61% 1-butanol, and 90.72% borate buffer (20 mM, pH 9.5). Electrophoretic separation was carried out at 20 °C and 20 kV. The samples were injected for 40 s at 20 mbar and detected simultaneously at 205 nm. The electrophoretic parameters indicated that the developed MEEKC-DAD method permitted complete resolution of the analytes within 13 min. The developed method was fully validated according to the FDA guidelines for bioanalytical method validation. The method was linear in the range 200-4000 ng/ml for FTD, FTY, 5CDU, and 100-1000 ng/ml for TIP. The intra/inter-day accuracy and precisions were ≤4% for all drugs. Extraction recovery and stability were also assessed and were within acceptable range. After being validated, the method was applied for the determination of the studied drugs in plasma samples collected from rats injected intraperitoneally with a combination of FTD and TIP. The results obtained were used to study the pharmacokinetics of FTD with its metabolite and TIP in rat plasma.

Concurrent Persistent Cryptococcosis and Mycobacterium avium Complex Infections in a Patient With Human Immunodeficiency Virus.

Background: Fungal infections are known for their chronicity and latency and are difficult to eradicate. The pathophysiology of these invading pathogens and the resulting alteration of the immune system are not fully understood. Fungal meningitis is associated with significant rates of morbidity and mortality, especially among immunocompromised patients. Cryptococcosis, an infection secondary to the fungus Cryptococcus, is one of the most important opportunistic infections among patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and expediting treatment is crucial. Case Report: We report the case of a 28-year-old male with HIV who had a simultaneous co-infection with cryptococcal meningitis and Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC). The patient required a 2-week induction phase of antifungal medication with amphotericin B and flucytosine. Despite aggressive initial therapy and the patient's significant clinical improvement, his radiologic findings and lumbar puncture showed persistent cryptococcal infection. Conclusion: Concurrent infection with cryptococcosis and MAC is extremely rare even in immunosuppressed patients. In our case, the concurrent infection was associated with a prolonged course of therapy during the induction phase for cryptococcosis.

Extensive necrotizing fasciitis from Fournier's gangrene.

Fournier's gangrene is rapidly progressive necrotizing fasciitis that mainly affects the male perineum. Despite the advancement in surgical intervention, Fournier's gangrene carries high rates of mortality. Here, we present a 51-year-old male with hypertension and history of alcohol abuse presented to the emergency department with scrotal pain and swelling for a one-week period without preceding trauma to perineal area. He underwent emergent surgical debridement for and extensive necrotizing fasciitis. Early initiation of antibiotics, surgical intervention and good wound care postoperatively were cornerstone in his recovery.

Nonimmunologic Factors Affecting Long-Term Outcomes of Deceased-Donor Kidney Transplant.

OBJECTIVES: We investigated the impact of nonimmuno-logic factors on patient and graft survival after deceased-donor kidney transplant. MATERIALS AND METHODS: All deceased-donor kidney transplants performed between January 2004 and December 2015 were included in our analyses. We used the independent t test to calculate significant differences between means above and below medians of various parameters. RESULTS: All study patients (N = 205; 58.7% males) received antithymocyte globulin as induction therapy and standard maintenance therapy. Patients were free from infection, malignancy, and cardiac, liver, and pulmonary system abnormalities. Most patients (89.2%) were recipients of a first graft. Median patient age, weight, and cold ischemia time were 38 years, 65 kg, and 15 hours, respectively. Delayed graft function, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension occurred in 19.1%, 43.4%, and 77.9% of patients, respectively. The 1- and 5-year graft survival rates were 95% and 73.8%. Graft survival was not affected by donor or recipient sex or recipient diabetes or hypertension. However, graft survival was longer in patients who received no graft biopsy (8.2 vs 6.9 y; P = .027) and in those who had diagnosis of calcineurin inhibitor nephrotoxicity versus antibody-mediated rejection after biopsy (8.19 vs 3.66 y; P = .0047). Longer survival was shown with donors who had traumatic death versus cerebro-vascular accident (5.9 vs 5.3 y; P = .029) and donors below the 50th percentile in age (8.23 and 7.14 y; P = .0026) but less with donors who had terminal acute kidney injury (6.97 vs 8.16 y; P = .0062). We found a negative correlation between graft survival and donor age (P = .01) and 1-year serum creatinine (P = .01). CONCLUSIONS: Donor age, cause of brain death, and acute kidney injury affected graft survival in our study cohort but not donor or recipient sex or posttransplant or donor blood pressure.

Derivative emission spectrofluorimetry for the simultaneous determination of guaifenesin and phenylephrine hydrochloride in pharmaceutical tablets.

Rapid, simple and sensitive derivative emission spectrofluorimetric methods have been developed for the simultaneous analysis of binary mixtures of guaifenesin (GUA) and phenylephrine hydrochloride (PHE). The methods are based upon measurement of the native fluorescence intensity of the two drugs at λex = 275 nm in methanolic solutions, followed by differentiation using first (D1) and second (D2) derivative techniques. The derivative fluorescence intensity-concentration plots were rectilinear over a range of 0.1-2 µg/mL for both GUA and PHE. The limits of detection were 0.027 (D1, GUA), 0.025 (D2, GUA), 0.031 (D1, PHE) and 0.033 (D2, PHE) µg/mL and limits of quantitation were 0.089 (D1, GUA), 0.083 (D2, GUA), 0.095 (D1, PHE) and 0.097 (D2, PHE) µg/mL. The proposed derivative emission spectrofluorimetric methods (D1 and D2) were successfully applied for the determination of the two compounds in binary mixtures and tablets with high precision and accuracy. The proposed methods were fully validated as per ICH guidelines.

Novel stereoselective high-performance liquid chromatographic method for simultaneous determination of guaifenesin and ketorolac enantiomers in human plasma.

A novel method was developed for the simultaneous determination of guaifenesin (GUA) and ketorolac tromethamine (KET) enantiomers in plasma samples. Since GUA probably increases the absorption of coadministered drugs (e.g., KET), it would be extremely important to monitor KET plasma levels for the purpose of dose adjustment with a subsequent decrease in the side effects. Enantiomeric resolution was achieved on a polysaccharide-based chiral stationary phase, amylose-2, as a chiral selector under the normal phase (NP) mode and using ornidazole (ORN) as internal standard. This innovative method has the advantage of the ease and reliability of sample preparation for plasma samples. Sample clean-up was based on simply using methanol for protein precipitation followed by direct extraction of drug residues using ethanol. Both GUA and KET enantiomers were separated using an isocratic mobile phase composed of hexane/isopropanol/trifluoroacetic acid, 85:15:0.05 v/v/v. Peak area ratios were linear over the range 0.05-20 µg/mL for the four enantiomers S (+) GUA, R (-) GUA, R (+) KET, and S (-) KET. The method was fully validated according to the International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) guidelines in terms of system suitability, specificity, accuracy, precision, robustness, and solution stability. Finally, this procedure was innovative to apply the rationale of developing a chiral high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) procedure for the simultaneous quantitative analysis of drug isomers in clinical samples.

Analytical study for the charge-transfer complexes of rosuvastatin calcium with π-acceptors.

Studies were carried out to investigate the charge-transfer (CT) reaction of ROS-Ca, as a n-electron donor with various p-acceptors: tetracyanoethylene, p-chloranilic acid, 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyano-1,4-benzoquinone, 2,3,5,6-tetrabromo-1,4-benzoquinone, 1,3,5-trinitrobenzene, 2,3,5,6-tetrachloro-1,4-benzoquinone, 7,7,8,8-tetracyano-quinodimethane, and 2,4,7-trinitro-9-fluorenone. Different colored CT complexes were obtained. The reaction mechanism and site of interaction were determined by ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometric techniques and computational molecular modeling. The formation of the colored complexes was utilized in the development of simple, rapid and accurate spectrophotometric methods for the determination of ROS-Ca. Under the optimum reaction conditions, linear relationships with good correlation coefficients (0.9984-0.9995) were found between the absorbances and the concentrations of ROS-Ca in the range of 2-200 mg mL⁻¹. The limits of detection ranged from 0.41 to 12.24 mg mL⁻¹. No interference could be observed from the additives commonly present in the tablets or from the drugs that are co-formulated with ROS-Ca in its combined formulations. The methods were successfully applied to the analysis of tablets with good accuracy and precision; the recovery percentages ranged from 99.54-100.46 ± 1.58-1.82%. The results were compared favorably with the reported method. The proposed methods are practical and valuable for routine application in quality control laboratories for determination of ROS-Ca in its bulk form and tablets.

Capillary electrophoretic determination of antimigraine formulations containing caffeine, ergotamine, paracetamol and domperidone or metoclopramide.

A novel, fast, sensitive and specific technique using capillary electrophoresis coupled to a diode array detector has been developed for the separation and simultaneous determination of two antimigraine mixtures in tablet formulation. The two combinations are ergotamine tartrate (ERG), caffeine (CAF) and paracetamol (PAR) with either domperidone (DOM), combination (I) or metoclopramide (MET), combination (II). The proposed method utilized a fused silica capillary (55 cm × 75 µm i.d.) and background electrolyte composed of phosphate buffer (25 mM, pH 9.8). The separation was achieved at 20 KV applied voltage and at 25°C. The described method was linear over the range of 1-80 and 2-100 µg/mL for CAF and MET, respectively, and 1-80 µg/mL for DOM, ERG and PAR. Intra-day and inter-day relative standard deviation (n = 5) was ≤1.10%. The limits of detection of CAF and PAR were 0.20 and 0.10 µg/mL, respectively, and 0.50 µg/mL for MET, DOM and ERG. Other aspects of analytical validation were also evaluated. The proposed method was successfully applied to the analysis of the two combinations in their tablets. Therefore, the proposed method is suitable for the routine control of these ingredients in multicomponent dosage forms.

A validated capillary electrophoresis method for simultaneous determination of ezetimibe and atorvastatin in pharmaceutical formulations.

A simple, precise, and sensitive capillary electrophoresis technique coupled with a diode array detector has been developed for the separation and simultaneous determination of ezetimibe and atorvastatin in pharmaceutical formulations. Separation of both ezetimibe and atorvastatin was achieved utilizing fused silica capillary (58 cm × 75 µm ID) and background electrolyte solution that consisted of phosphate buffer (2.5 mM, pH 6.7): methanol (70:30 v/v). The proposed method was validated by testing its specificity, linearity, precision, accuracy, recovery, and detection limit/quantitation limit values. The method was linear over the range 2.5-50 µg/ml for ezetimibe (r = 0.9992) and 1-100 µg/ml for atorvastatin (r = 0.9999). Within-day and between-day RSD for ezetimibe and atorvastatin were ⩽5.6% and ⩽2.9%, respectively. The detection limit was 0.07 µg/ml for ezetimibe and 0.06 µg/ml for atorvastatin. The validated method was successfully employed for the determination of ezetimibe and atorvastatin in tablets with no interfering peaks from common pharmaceutical excipients. The percentage recoveries of the two drugs from their tablets were 99.80 ± 1.76 and 100.19 ± 1.83, respectively.