The impact of digital game addiction on musculoskeletal system of secondary school children.

BACKGROUND: The widespread use of digital devices causes adolescents to spend long periods of time in front of the screen. AIMS: This study aimed to analyze the impacts of digital game addiction on the musculoskeletal system of secondary school children in Kayseri. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 1000 healthy children have been included. A questionnaire, which has been prepared by the researchers and questions children's socio-demographic knowledge, sport habits, durations of study, types of digital tools they use to play games, using positions and durations of use, has been applied to the children. A visual analog scale was used to assess pain intensity. Game addiction has been evaluated through Computer Game Addiction Scale for Children. RESULTS: Between computer and phone use and neck pain, a significant correlation has been found (P < 0.05). Between game addiction and wrist, back and low back pain, a significant correlation has been detected. While males use more computer, tablet and are more addicted to games, the scores of head, wrist and back pain in females have been found out to be significantly high. CONCLUSIONS: As they cause musculoskeletal problems, the higher the time children consume in front of digital devices and the more they use it in wrong posture; the more the complaints about pain are.

Gender differences and demographics and type of cardiac device over a 10-year period.

AIMS: This study aims to review the influence of gender-specific differences and patient demographics on cardiac device and pacing mode selection over a 10-year period. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed patients who underwent first implantation of the cardiac device between January 1, 2006 and June 31, 2016. RESULTS: During the study period, 704 patients underwent first cardiac device implantation. Number of patients undergoing pacemaker was 452 and number of patients undergoing implantable cardioverter defibrillator/cardiac resynchronization therapy and defibrillator (ICD/CRT-D) was 252. Patients undergoing pacemaker were 49.9% female with mean age 72.36+11.1. The most common indication was atrioventricular block (AVB) (84%) in both genders. The most frequently used pacing modes were VVI (70.8%), but over a 10-year period pacemaker selection shifted from VVI to DDD pacemakers. Patients undergoing ICD/CRT-D were 19.7% female with mean age 62.5+10.8. The most common indications for ICD/CRT-D was ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICMP) (55.0%). The rate of male patients was higher in patients who have received device therapy for dilated cardiomyopathy (DCMP) or ICMP, whereas the rate of female patients was higher in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCMP) patients. The most common used implanted system was VVI-ICD (60.6%). CONCLUSIONS: The present study demonstrated that there was no significant difference between female and male patients in pacing mode selection, mostly VVI pacing mode was chosen; however, over a 10-year period pacemaker selection shifted from VVI to DDD pacemakers. Female patients had less ICD/CRT-D implantation than male patients.

Diffusion-weighted MR imaging: role in the differential diagnosis of breast lesions.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the diagnostic value of magnetic resonance diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) using apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values to the characterization of breast lesions and differentiation of benign and malignant lesions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-seven women (mean age, 38 years) with 37 enrolled in the study. DWI and ADC maps in the axial plane were obtained using a 1.5 Tesla MRI device. Mean ADC measurements were calculated among cysts, normal fibroglandular tissue, benign lesions and malignant lesions were evaluated. RESULTS: Out of 37 women, 4 had normally breast MRI findings. The diagnosis of remaining 33 patients with 37 breast lesions were as follows; malign lesions (n = 23), benign lesions (n = 10) and simple breast cyst (n = 4). The ADC values were as follows (in units of 10(-3) mm2/s): Normal fibroglandular tissue (range: 1.39-2.06; mean: 1.61 ± 0.23), benign breast lesions (range: 1.09-1.76; mean: 1.47 ± 0.25), cyts (range: 2.27-2.46, mean: 2.37 ± 0.07) and malignant breast lesions (range: 0.78-1.26, mean: 0.96 ± 0.25). The mean ADC obtained from malignant breast lesions was statistically different from that observed in benign solid lesions (p < < 0.01) and normal fibroglandular breast tissue (p < 0.01). Furthermore, the mean ADC values of benign breast lesions was not statistically different from cyst (p ≥ 0.01) and normal fibroglandular breast tissue (p ≥ 0.01). A ADC value of 1.1 x 10(-3) mm'/s as a treshold value provided differantiation for malign and benign lesions, with a sensitivity of 91.3% and a specificity of 85.7% compared with conventional breast MRI values. CONCLUSION: DWI with quantitative ADC measurements is a reliable tool for differentiation of benign and malignant breast lesions.

Cerebral infarct associated with factor V Leiden mutation in a boy with hemophilia A.

An 11-year-old boy with mild hemophilia A was admitted to our hospital because of focal convulsions. Magnetic resonance imaging showed an old occipital infarct. Protein C, S, antithrombin III, anticardiolipin antibodies and fibrinogen were normal. Heterozygosity for factor V Leiden mutation was detected. We suggest that factor V Leiden mutation should be studied in hemophiliacs with thrombosis.

Compound heterozygosity for hemoglobin Knossos [alpha 2 beta 2 27 (B9) Ala-Ser] and IVS I-1 mutation.

A three-year-old female with compound heterozygosity for Hb Knossos and IVS-I-1 mutation is presented. On physical examination she had no abnormality except for pallor. Hb was 6.9 g/dl, MCV 61 fl, Hb A2 2% and Hb F 38.5%. Acrylamidegel electrophoresis at a pH of 6 revealed the presence of Hb Knossos in the child and her father. DNA studies revealed that the child was compound heterozygous for Hb Knossos and the IVS I-1 mutation. When the clinical expression of this combination in a previously reported patient with Hb Knossos/FSC8 mutation is compared, it is shown that the newly presented patient has a more severe condition, indicating that the mutations in the trans of Hb Knossos may play a role in the phenotypical expression of the disease.

Prenatal diagnosis of hemoglobinopathies in Turkey: Hacettepe experience.

Prenatal diagnosis of hemoglobinopathies was performed in 250 fetuses at risk for hemoglobinopathies. The main diagnostic procedures were in vitro hemoglobin synthesis analysis in fetal blood and analysis of DNA obtained from chorionic villus samples. Sixty-six percent of the fetuses were at risk for beta thalassemia major and 28% for sickle cell anemia. Beta thalassemia mutations were heterogenous, and 51 fetuses examined by the DNA technique were found to be at risk for at least 20 different combinations.