RESUMO
WAIS subtest scores for three samples of instiutionalized retardates, from the East Coast (n = 509), West Coast (n = 436), and Midwest (n = 113) were compared. The Midwest sample norms diverged most from the remaining two sets, but the most significant findings was the heterogeneity of the intratest variance, suggesting the influence of exogenous factors related to the institutional setting.
Assuntos
Hospitalização , Deficiência Intelectual/diagnóstico , Testes de Inteligência , Escalas de Wechsler , Adolescente , Adulto , Fatores Etários , Cultura , Feminino , Hospitais Psiquiátricos , Humanos , Inteligência , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estados UnidosRESUMO
Gray and Gummerman (1975) contended that eidetic imagery differs from visual-memory imagery only in quantitative aspects. There is evidence to controvert that argument and to support a theory of eidetic imagery as a qualitatively distinct phenomenon. It is proposed that eidetic imagery plays an essential role in early development and that superimposition methods are adequate for measurement of eidetic imagery in young children. It is further suggested that eidetic imagery is the precursor of iconic storage. The persistence of eidetic imagery in older children appears to be associated with some but not all forms of brain damage and may be overshadowed by more advanced memory imagery.
Assuntos
Imagem Eidética , Fatores Etários , Dano Encefálico Crônico/complicações , Criança , Desenvolvimento Infantil , Humanos , Teoria da Informação , Memória , Memória de Curto Prazo , Vias Visuais/fisiologia , Percepção VisualRESUMO
Many theorists suggest that eidetic imagery is important in early child development, but there have been few systematic attempts to test whether eidetic imagery varies inversely with age. A sample of 280 students, ranging in age from 5 to 18 years, was tested for eidetic imagery by methods designed to minimize the probability of confusion between eidetic imagery and visual memory imagery of any other type. As expected, the youngest age groups showed the highest frequency of eidetic imagery, and beyond age 7, the incidence did not vary systematically. The results are interpreted as indicating the plausibility of a theory which affords eidetic imagery a role in the early cognitive development of the child.
Assuntos
Desenvolvimento Infantil , Imagem Eidética , Adolescente , Fatores Etários , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , MasculinoRESUMO
A sample of 75 mentally retarded children, including 14 with arrested hydrocephalus, 39 with other diagnoses of brain damage, and 22 familial cases, was tested for eidetic imagery, in order to clarify the relationship between eidetric imagery and neuropathology. The hypotheses tested were that the frequency of eidetic imagery is higher among hydrocephalics than among other brain-damaged children and higher among hydrocephalics than among familials. The data confirmed the hypotheses and are interpreted as supporting a theory in which particular structural impairments in the visual system may delay neural development and result in a persistance of eidetic imagery.
