RESUMO
Electro-convulsive therapy (ECT) has been effective for years, but it arouses opposition among patients and especially in the general public. ECT treatment is limited and compared to other medical treatment it is considered exceptional by the law, regulations and treatment personnel. A question arises as to the position of therapists regarding compulsory ECT treatment. A questionnaire was sent on this subject to all the units utilizing ECT in Israel. Opinions ranged from complete negation of compulsory ECT, to regarding such treatment as possible in cases when the patient is compulsorily hospitalized and/or when the patient's guardian supports this treatment. The authors' opinion is that the Law of Patients' Rights regarding special treatment when the patient is in extreme danger must be followed. The law requires that three physicians agree to the treatment, and compulsory treatment is no longer applicable when the danger passes. ECT treatment is important and imperative in certain conditions, especially conditions endangering patients' lives. In these conditions the law provides the authority to physicians to make decisions regarding treatment.
Assuntos
Eletroconvulsoterapia/psicologia , Atitude Frente a Saúde , Humanos , Israel , Direitos do Paciente/legislação & jurisprudência , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
It is generally agreed that there is a genetic component in the etiology of schizophrenia which may be tested by the application of linkage analysis to multiply-affected families. One genetic region of interest is the long arm of chromosome 11 because of previously reported associations of genetic variation in this region with schizophrenia, and because of the fact that it contains the locus for the dopamine D2 receptor gene. In this study we have examined the segregation of schizophrenia with microsatellite dinucleotide repeat DNA markers along chromosome 11q in 5 Israeli families multiply-affected for schizophrenia. The hypothesis of linkage under genetic homogeneity of causation was tested under a number of genetic models. Linkage analysis provided no evidence for significant causal mutations within the region bounded by INT and D11S420 on chromosome 11q. It is still possible, however, that a gene of major effect exists in this region, either with low penetrance or with heterogeneity.
Assuntos
Cromossomos Humanos Par 11/genética , Ligação Genética , Marcadores Genéticos , Esquizofrenia/genética , Mapeamento Cromossômico , Repetições de Dinucleotídeos , Feminino , Humanos , Israel , Escore Lod , Masculino , Modelos Genéticos , Mutação , LinhagemRESUMO
The psychiatric and judicial concepts of mental disorders are similar but not always identical. The gap between them creates confusion, a lack of unity and inconsistencies in decision making. This gap needs to be bridged. In the hinterland of these concepts lies a range of psychiatric disturbances such as encapsulated over organized delusional disorders (Paranoia Vera) and life endangering eating disorders (Anorexia Nervosa). When life threatening or criminal responsibility circumstances arise, the dilemma presented to the psychiatrists on the one hand and the judicial system on the other reaches its peak. Presented in the article are aspects of the gray areas of involuntary commitment and criminal responsibility.
Assuntos
Prova Pericial/legislação & jurisprudência , Defesa por Insanidade , Transtornos Mentais/diagnóstico , Adulto , Idoso , Anorexia Nervosa/diagnóstico , Anorexia Nervosa/psicologia , Anorexia Nervosa/reabilitação , Internação Compulsória de Doente Mental/legislação & jurisprudência , Comportamento Perigoso , Feminino , Homicídio/legislação & jurisprudência , Homicídio/psicologia , Humanos , Masculino , Transtornos Mentais/psicologia , Transtornos Mentais/reabilitação , Equipe de Assistência ao Paciente/legislação & jurisprudência , Recusa do Paciente ao Tratamento/legislação & jurisprudênciaRESUMO
Using the diagnostic criteria found in the literature, 15 new cases of Ganser syndrome were examined. A relationship was found between specific premorbid personality traits and severity of the syndrome; a high percentage of the sample belonged to an ethnic minority and was suspected of having symptoms of premorbid neurological pathology.
Assuntos
Transtornos Autoinduzidos/diagnóstico , Adulto , Comparação Transcultural , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Etnicidade , Transtornos Autoinduzidos/epidemiologia , Transtornos Autoinduzidos/psicologia , Transtorno da Personalidade Histriônica/diagnóstico , Transtorno da Personalidade Histriônica/epidemiologia , Humanos , Israel/epidemiologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Transtornos Neurocognitivos/diagnóstico , Transtornos Neurocognitivos/epidemiologia , Transtornos Neurocognitivos/psicologia , Transtornos da Personalidade/diagnóstico , Transtornos da Personalidade/epidemiologia , Índice de Gravidade de DoençaRESUMO
The clinical picture of Munchausen syndrome is that of feigned or self-induced illness with the aim of being hospitalized and/or receiving unnecessary medical interventions, peregrination from 1 hospital to another, and disruptive behavior when hospitalized. These patients are a danger to themselves and heavily burden inpatient facilities that care for them. We present a case that illustrates the problems of diagnosing and managing such patients. We stress the need for adequate centralization and distribution of the relevant information concerning these patients.
Assuntos
Síndrome de Munchausen , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Israel , Registro Médico Coordenado , Síndrome de Munchausen/diagnósticoRESUMO
A new variant of Munchausen Syndrome by Proxy (MSbP) case is presented here: Munchausen by Adult Proxy (MSbAP). The article discusses the case of a man (publicly known as the "Gasoline Injector") who is serving a 46-year jail term for attempted murder and manslaughter. His behavior is reminiscent of MSbP but his victims were two female adults, and his cell mate (on whom he repeated his actions). A description is given in terms of egosyntonic irresistible pathological impulses involving sexual objects. A common ground is proposed for paraphilias, Munchausen syndrome, MSbP and MSbAP.
Assuntos
Homicídio/psicologia , Síndrome de Munchausen/psicologia , Prisioneiros/psicologia , Adulto , Humanos , Masculino , Recidiva , Delitos Sexuais/psicologiaRESUMO
We present a case of Munchausen syndrome by proxy (MBP) in a symbiotic relationship between a 34-year-old man and his two female partners. In the past, MBP has only been identified in mother-child relationships. The present case, however, extends the syndrome to relationships between adults as well.