An investigation of the relationship between female university students' breast cancer risk factors and their health beliefs about breast self-examination.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between female university students' breast cancer risk factors and their health beliefs about breast self-examination (BSE). Methods: The sample of this descriptive and correlational study was 389 female students who were determined by stratified sampling method. Data were collected through the Socio-demographic Characteristics and Breast Cancer Risk Factors Determination Form and the Champion's Health Belief Model Scale (CHBMS). Data obtained from the study were analysed using SPSS for Windows 16.0 program. Data analysis was performed using percentage distributions, z test, and Spearman correlation analysis. Statistical significance was accepted p<0.05. Results: While a positive correlation was detected between students' perceived breast cancer risk for themselves and perceived susceptibility, severity, benefit, self-efficacy related to BSE and health motivation mean scores, a negative and significant correlation was detected with perceived barriers to BSE mean score (p<0.05). Conclusion: Results showed that although female university students had some risk factors in terms of breast cancer, they have low levels of perceived risk factors for themselves.

Relationship between nurses' perceptions of conscience and perceptions of individualized nursing care: A cross-sectional study.

PURPOSE: To identify the relationship between the perception of conscience and individualized nursing care. DESIGN AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study. The sample of the study consisted of 326 nurses working in internal medicine and surgical clinics. The data were collected using the Nurses' Perceptions of Conscience Questionnaire and Individualized Care Scale-Nurse (ICSA) Version. FINDINGS: Their mean score for the ICSA-Nurse was 3.96 ± 0.72. There was a statistically significant positive correlation between their scores for the ICSA-Nurse and Voice of Conscience and basic qualities of conscience. CONCLUSION: The participants considered their conscience as a reference when performing their care actions and defined conscience as an expression of social and spiritual values. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: Nurses' awareness of perceptions of conscience and the effect of conscience on the patient-nurse relationship can help them to provide more sensitive care to their patients.