[Detection of tuberculosis in children of new risk groups and efficacy of chemoprophylaxis]. / Vyiavlenie tuberkuleza u detei iz novykh grupp riska i effektivnost' khimioprofilaktiki.

109 children at risk of tuberculosis frequently suffering from acute respiratory diseases (ARD) and 87 children with rare ARD have undergone a 3-month course of isoniazide chemoprophylaxis. In 95.0% of the examinees the above chemoprophylaxis lowered ARD morbidity to 1-2 times a year, reduced and stabilized tuberculin sensitivity, prevented tuberculosis. Isoniazide treatment of 87 children whose parents worked with cattle that might be infected prevented tuberculosis in them, diminished tuberculin sensitivity. It is thought valid that chemoprophylaxis should be given in sanatoria primarily to children exposed to two and more risk factors (epidemiological, age-sex, medicobiological, social).

[The optimal system of ambulatory examination of groups with high risk of tuberculosis at a large industrial plant]. / Optimizatsiia sistemy dispansernogo nabliudeniia na krupnom promyshlennom predpriiatii za kontingentami s povyshennym riskom zabolevaniia tuberkulezom.

Tuberculosis incidence at the KAMAZ plants was studied in 1985-1989. It was the highest at the foundry plant and in the age group of 20-29 years at the automatic-assembly plant (39.9 and 64.4 per 100,000 of man-year of the follow-up, respectively) with 73.9% of the patients being males of all occupations. The proportion of patients was high among the adjusting fitters aged 30-39 years (40.4%) and founders (36.3%). Hence, males aged 20-29 years working at the foundry and automatic-assembly plants and adjusting fitters and founders aged 30-39 years can be considered as a peculiar risk group of tuberculosis.

[A new method of applying a tuberculin ointment for cutaneous use compared to the Mantoux test]. / Izuchenie novogo metoda applikatsii tuberkulinovoi mazi dlia nakozhnogo primeneniia v sravnenii s proboi Mantu.

The method for the applications of tuberculin ointment for the skin test by means of special aluminum chambers (Finn Chambers, obtained from Epitest Ltd. OY, Finland) was approved after trial. For control, the Mantoux test (intracutaneous tuberculin test) was used. The results of these two tests, made in parallel, were found to coincide in children with clinical symptoms of tuberculosis, or infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, in 84% of cases. The tuberculin skin test with the use of Finn Chambers proved to be more sparing, painless and safe. At the present stage of investigation, the new skin test may be recommended for children of preschool age.