Revisión sistemática sobre la reducción de efectos emocionales negativos en trabajadores del área de emergencias y catástrofes mediante técnicas de catarsis / Systematic Review of the Reduction of Negative Emotional Effects in Emergency and Disaster Response Workers Through Catharsis Techniques

OBJETIVO: Analizar las técnicas de catarsis empleadas en los trabajadores que atienden situaciones de emergencias y catástrofes. MÉTODOS: Revisión sistemática realizada en 7 bases de datos bibliográficas Medline-Pubmed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, Scopus, PsycINFO y otras fuentes secundarias, para artículos publicados entre 2008 y 2017, con los términos «catarsis», «emergencias», «debriefing» y «estrés post-traumático». RESULTADOS: Los criterios de inclusión fueron cumplidos por 5 artículos. Los estudios muestran que es común entre el personal sanitario la exposición al sufrimiento y a las experiencias traumáticas, suponiendo repercusiones negativas manifestadas a nivel físico, psicológico y cognitivo tras situaciones de emergencias y catástrofes. Para algunos autores, el debriefing ofrece un lugar para descargar las emociones y reducir el impacto del estrés en la vida de los trabajadores de emergencia actuando como una red de apoyo para que dichos trabajadores puedan reconstruir sus experiencias y verbalizar sus pensamientos y sentimientos, así como reducir el impacto en sus vidas. Para otros en cambio, esta técnica no es eficaz para todos los profesionales y su uso puede conllevar consecuencias negativas. CONCLUSIONES: El debriefing es una intervención breve que promueve la catarsis. Sin embargo, existe una gran controversia sobre su eficacia y la manera de aplicar esta intervención. Este estudio pone de manifiesto la heterogeneidad existente en la aplicación de técnicas de catarsis en los trabajadores que atienden situaciones de emergencia y catástrofes

AIM: To analyze catharsis techniques used with professionals assisting victims of emergencies and disasters. METHODS: Systematic review carried out in seven bibliographic databases: MEDLINE-Pubmed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, Scopus, PsycINFO, and other secondary sources, for articles published between 2008 and 2017, with the terms "catarsis", "emergencies", "debriefing" y "post-traumatic stress". Publication and selection biases were taken into account. RESULTS: Five reviews met the study inclusion criteria. Distress and traumatic experiences following an emergency or disaster are very common among health professionals, with adverse repercussions at the physical, psychological and cognitive levels. Some authors find that debriefing offers an opportunity for emotional release and toreduce the impact of stress on the lives of emergency responders, acting as a support network where they can reconstruct their experiences, express their thoughts and feelings, and reduce the impact on their lives. For other authors, however, this technique is not always effective for all professionals and may lead to negative consequences. CONCLUSIONS: Debriefing is a common intervention that promotes catharsis. However, there is considerable controversy over its implementation and effectiveness. This study identified a diversity of catharsis techniques applied to staff responding to emergencies and disasters

[Systematic Review of the Reduction of Negative Emotional Effects in Emergency and Disaster Response Workers Through Catharsis Techniques]. / Revisión sistemática sobre la reducción de efectos emocionales negativos en trabajadores del área de emergencias y catástrofes mediante técnicas de catarsis.

AIM: To analyze catharsis techniques used with professionals assisting victims of emergencies and disasters. METHODS: Systematic review carried out in seven bibliographic databases: MEDLINE-Pubmed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, Scopus, PsycINFO, and other secondary sources, for articles published between 2008 and 2017, with the terms "catharsis", "emergencies", "debriefing" y "post-traumatic stress". Publication and selection biases were taken into account. RESULTS: Five reviews met the study inclusion criteria. Distress and traumatic experiences following an emergency or disaster are very common among health professionals, with adverse repercussions at the physical, psychological and cognitive levels. Some authors find that debriefing offers an opportunity for emotional release and toreduce the impact of stress on the lives of emergency responders, acting as a support network where they can reconstruct their experiences, express their thoughts and feelings, and reduce the impact on their lives. For other authors, however, this technique is not always effective for all professionals and may lead to negative consequences. CONCLUSIONS: Debriefing is a common intervention that promotes catharsis. However, there is considerable controversy over its implementation and effectiveness. This study identified a diversity of catharsis techniques applied to staff responding to emergencies and disasters.

OBJETIVO: Analizar las técnicas de catarsis empleadas en los trabajadores que atienden situaciones de emergencias y catástrofes. MÉTODOS: Revisión sistemática realizada en 7 bases de datos bibliográficas Medline-Pubmed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, Scopus, PsycINFO y otras fuentes secundarias, para artículos publicados entre 2008 y 2017, con los términos «catarsis¼, «emergencias¼, «debriefing¼ y «estrés post-traumático¼. RESULTADOS: Los criterios de inclusión fueron cumplidos por 5 artículos. Los estudios muestran que es común entre el personal sanitario la exposición al sufrimiento y a las experiencias traumáticas, suponiendo repercusiones negativas manifestadas a nivel físico, psicológico y cognitivo tras situaciones de emergencias y catástrofes. Para algunos autores, el debriefing ofrece un lugar para descargar las emociones y reducir el impacto del estrés en la vida de los trabajadores de emergencia actuando como una red de apoyo para que dichos trabajadores puedan reconstruir sus experiencias y verbalizar sus pensamientos y sentimientos, así como reducir el impacto en sus vidas. Para otros en cambio, esta técnica no es eficaz para todos los profesionales y su uso puede conllevar consecuencias negativas. CONCLUSIONES: El debriefing es una intervención breve que promueve la catarsis. Sin embargo, existe una gran controversia sobre su eficacia y la manera de aplicar esta intervención. Este estudio pone de manifiesto la heterogeneidad existente en la aplicación de técnicas de catarsis en los trabajadores que atienden situaciones de emergencia y catástrofes.

Risk factors for premenstrual asthma: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

INTRODUCTION: Asthma in women can deteriorate in specific phases during the menstrual cycle. Deterioration in the premenstrual phase (increase in symptoms or deterioration in peak flow measurements) is known as premenstrual asthma. The etiology remains mostly unknown. Areas covered: This paper systematically reviews risk factors for premenstrual asthma. Medline, Embase, CINAHL, Scopus, Web of Science, LILACS and secondary sources were searched. The selection criteria were met by 20 articles. Expert commentary: Women with pre-menstrual asthma are older, have more severe asthma, a higher body-mass index, a longer duration of asthma and a greater likelihood of aspirin sensitive asthma. They more often have dysmenorrhea, premenstrual syndrome, shorter menstrual cycles, and longer menstrual bleeding. The role of hormone levels and systemic inflammation remains unclear.

Informal Caregivers of Palliative Oncohematologic Patients: The Invisible Guests: An Exhaustive Review of the Literature Available.

Informal caregivers are crucial members of the teams that care for palliative patients with cancer, including those with oncohematological malignancies. Publications concerning specific aspects of this latter group of carers are limited. This literature review indicates that palliative oncohematologic patients' caregivers do not differ from those of patients with solid tumors in ethical and related problems. However, there are specific problems for the former group with regard to negotiating the curative system, which are experienced as distressing, often without support from the health system and without offers of the possibility of being referred to palliative teams that they would have valued as very positive. Although this tendency seems to be changing, there is still considerable work to be done to improve the role of these carers.

Oxigenoterapia domiciliaria en enfermedades pulmonares Restrictivas (neumopatías intersticiales en general) Y al esfuerzo enpacientes sin insuficiencia Respiratoria crónica / No disponible

No disponible

Transfusion in palliative cancer patients: a review of the literature.

BACKGROUND: Transfusion is not an exceptional circumstance in palliative cancer patients (PCPs). This makes it necessary to confront not only medical aspects but also those of infrastructure and ethical issues. On some occasions, literature needs to be consulted to work out the best approach in a patient's particular case. Our aim was to review the literature contained in PubMed and EMBASE so as to find out about the information available on transfusion in PCPs. METHODS: A search for literature was carried out in databases PubMed and EMBASE, using "transfusion," "cancer," "end-of-life care," "terminal care," and "palliative care" as key words. Publications were classified according to the main topic discussed (clinical, infrastructure, and ethics) and the information included in each article critically assessed. RESULTS: We found 334 articles but only 43 were considered valuable for the present study. Of these 43 articles, 21 deal with clinical topics while 12 deal with infrastructure and 10 with ethical issues. There is an absolute lack of randomized controlled trials or clinical guidelines. Trigger parameters for transfusion are not clearly established. Benefits of the procedure are shortly experienced and remain controversial. Home transfusions are encouraged, but this sole procedure has not been demonstrated to be cost effective. Different cultures, cases, and realities illustrate the diversity of the ethical management of transfusion in PCPs. DISCUSSION: Although transfusion is certainly a common practice in PCPs, there is a relative lack of literature on this topic. Publications are unconnected and hardly any prospective studies have been performed. A large part of the little literature available only concerns descriptive and very general aspects of the issue. As transfusional products and financial and human resources are finite, it would be desirable to establish clear research lines on the different aspects considered (clinical, infrastructure, and ethical) that can help clinicians, nurses, patients, and carers to make a decision.