Evaluación de la gestión del conocimiento en el Centro Nacional de Cirugía de Mínimo Acceso / Evaluation of knowledge management at the National Center for Limited Access Surgery

RESUMEN Introducción: La gestión del conocimiento es vital para las organizaciones de salud con vistas a garantizar la calidad de sus servicios. Objetivo: Evaluar la gestión del conocimiento en el Centro Nacional de Cirugía de Mínimo Acceso. Métodos: Se realizó una investigación descriptiva de tipo transversal. Se elaboró, validó y aplicó una encuesta a 20 trabajadores del Centro en los meses de noviembre y diciembre de 2018. Se estudió la variable gestión del conocimiento, a través de sus elementos caracterizadores, los cuales fueron evaluados en dos dimensiones: importancia y frecuencia. Los datos se procesaron mediante los métodos de estadística descriptiva con el uso del programa SPSS v.21. Resultados: Se identificaron el compromiso de la alta dirección del centro con la gestión del conocimiento, la existencia de una infraestructura tecnológica suficiente para apoyar sus actividades, así como la necesidad de fortalecer los intercambios entre especialistas para compartir los resultados de investigación y aprovechar las lecciones aprendidas de los errores médicos y las no conformidades, para lo cual se requirió destinar tiempo y recursos. Conclusiones: El Centro Nacional de Cirugía de Mínimo Acceso es una institución con una destacada actividad en gestión del conocimiento. La aplicación de la encuesta para evaluar la gestión del conocimiento en el centro permitió identificar las oportunidades de mejora necesarias en apoyo a la innovación y la calidad del servicio de salud que se presta, lo que potencia aún más actividades como la formación profesional y el intercambio de las lecciones aprendidas entre los especialistas para el aprendizaje organizacional.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Knowledge management is vital for health organizations in order to guarantee the quality of their services. Objective: To evaluate knowledge management at the National Center for Limited Access Surgery. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional investigation was carried out. A survey was prepared, validated and applied to 20 employees at this institution from November to December 2018. The knowledge management variable was studied, through its characterizing elements, which were evaluated in two dimensions: importance and frequency. The data were processed through descriptive statistics methods with the use of SPSS v.21 program. Results: The investigation identified the institution top management commitment with knowledge management, the existence of a sufficient technological infrastructure to support its activities, as well as the need to strengthen exchanges between specialists to share research results and take advantage of lessons learned from medical errors and non-conformities, for which time and resources were required. Conclusions: The National Center for Limited Access Surgery is an institution with outstanding activity in knowledge management. The application of the survey to evaluate knowledge management in the institution allowed identifying the necessary improvement opportunities in support of innovation and the quality of the health service provided, which further enhances professional training and exchange of lessons learned among specialists for organizational learning.

Factores de riesgos que influyen en el desempeño del proceso de formación de posgrado / Risk factors that influence performance in the process of postgraduate training

Introducción: En el Centro Nacional de Cirugía de Mínimo Acceso desde 2015 se implementó el Sistema de Gestión de la Calidad NC-ISO 9001:2015. Sin embargo, en el proceso de posgrado los riesgos no se han gestionado de forma sistemática e integral, lo que puede afectar su desempeño. Objetivo: Identificar los factores de riesgo que influyen en el desempeño del proceso de formación de posgrado y planificar las acciones para su tratamiento. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio de tipo cualitativo, no experimental, en el período comprendido entre febrero y marzo de 2019. Para el diagnóstico de los riesgos se emplearon las técnicas de grupo focal, la matriz DAFO, la encuesta y el análisis de causa-efecto de Ishikawa. Además, la matriz de probabilidad-consecuencia se utilizó para evaluar la prioridad de los riesgos identificados. Resultados: El diagnóstico permitió fundamentar la necesidad de gestionar integralmente los riesgos que inciden en el proceso de formación de posgrado. Nueve de los riesgos identificados se consideran altos y tienen la máxima prioridad para el establecimiento de medidas de control. Siete son moderados y también se toman medidas para su minimización. Conclusiones: Los riesgos identificados están en relación con la planificación inadecuada de los indicadores del proceso y la no inclusión de todos los aspectos que inciden sobre la gestión del posgrado. El tratamiento de los riesgos según su prioridad permitirá elevar el desempeño del proceso y cumplir los requisitos de la norma NC-ISO 9001:2015(AU)

Introduction: In the National Center for Minimally Invasive Surgery, the NC-ISO 9001: 2015 Quality Management System was implemented since 2005. However, in the postgraduate process, the risks have not been systematically and comprehensively managed, which may affect performance. Objective: To identify the risk factors that influence performance of the postgraduate training process and to plan the actions for their treatment. Methods: A qualitative, non-experimental study was carried out in the period between February and March 2019. For the diagnosis of risks, some techniques were used, such as focus group, the SWOT matrix, the survey, and Ishikawa's cause-and-effect analysis. In addition, the probability-consequence matrix was used to assess the priority of the identified risks. Results: The diagnosis allowed to provide the foundations for the need to manage comprehensively the risks that affect the postgraduate training process. Nine of the identified risks are considered high and have the highest priority for the establishment of control measures. Seven are moderate and also measures are taken for their minimization. Conclusions: The risks identified are related to inadequate planning of the process indicators and the non-inclusion of all aspects that affect management in the postgraduate level. The treatment of the risks according to their priority will allow to increase the performance of the process and meet the requirements of the NC-ISO 9001: 2015 standard(AU)

Safety of the production process of SURFACEN(®) to inactivate and remove virus.

SURFACEN(®) is a biological product produced from pig lungs. Since these animals can be potential sources of microbial pathogens such as viruses, the manufacturing process of this product should guarantee safety from health hazards. The SURFACEN(®) production procedure is capable of effective viral clearance (inactivation/removal) by involving two stages of organic solvent extraction followed by acetone precipitation and heat treatment. In this study, we evaluated the clearance capacity of these four stages for a wide range of viruses by performing spiking experiments. Residual contamination was assessed using a Tissue Culture Infectious Dose assay (log10 TCID50). The validation study demonstrated that, for all viruses tested, the TCID50 titers were reduced by more than 2 log10 in each stage. Total log reduction values achieved were between ≥17.82 log10 and ≥27.93 log10, depending on the virus physical properties, titer, and the number of processing stages applied. Results indicated that the production procedure of SURFACEN(®) can inactivate or remove contaminant viruses from the raw material.

Urinary stone differentiation in patients with large body size using dual-energy dual-source computed tomography.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the ability of 100/Sn140 kV (Sn, tin filter) dual-energy computed tomography (CT) to differentiate urinary stone types in a patient cohort with a wide range of body sizes. METHODS: Eighty human urinary stones were categorised into four groups (uric acid; cystine; struvite, oxalate and brushite together; and apatite) and imaged in 30-50-cm-wide water tanks using clinical 100/Sn140 kV protocols. The CT number ratio (CTR) between the low- and high-energy images was calculated. Thresholds for differentiating between stone groups were determined using receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis. Additionally, 86 stones from 66 patients were characterised using the size-adaptive CTR thresholds determined in the phantom study. RESULTS: In phantoms, the area under the ROC curve for differentiating between stone groups ranged from 0.71 to 1.00, depending on phantom size. In patients, body width ranged from 28.5 to 50.0 cm, and 79.1 % of stones were correctly characterised. Sensitivity and specificity for correctly identifying the stone category were 100 % and 100 % (group 1), 100 % and 95.3 % (group 2), 85.7 % and 60.9 % (group 3), and 52.6 % and 92.5 % (group 4). CONCLUSION: Dual-energy CT can provide in vivo urinary stone characterisation for patients over a wide range of body sizes. KEY POINTS: • Dual-energy CT helps assessment of urinary stone composition in vivo. • 100/Sn140 kV DECT differentiates among four stone types with 79.1 % accuracy. • In vivo diagnostic test achievable in patients with many body sizes.

Non-induced leukocyte extract reduces HIV replication and TNF secretion.

According to UNAIDS, the global HIV/AIDS epidemic increased to 40 million the number of people living with the virus around the world. Dialyzable leukocyte extract obtained by our group is a low molecular weight dialyzable material from peripheral human leukocytes previously in vitro induced with Sendai virus (DLE-ind), and more recently, from non-induced leukocytes (DLE n/i). Previous results have shown the ability of DLE-ind to inhibit HIV in vitro replication in MT4 cell; to reduce TNFalpha secretion, and to delay in vivo progression to AIDS in early stage of HIV infection. In this work we present evidences that DLE n/i also inhibits HIV in vitro replication and reduces TNFalpha secretion in human whole blood like DLE obtained from induced leukocytes. Taking together these results show that both properties of DLE, HIV in vitro inhibition and TNF production modulation, are not dependent on in vitro Sendai virus induction of leukocytes.