RESUMO
This study aims to analyse and determine the effect of Big Data, the Internet of Things (IoT), and physical-cyber system variables on human factors in refinery industry operators and the influence of human factors and managerial initiatives on sustainable manufacturing. The method used in this study is a quantitative method using partial least square-structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM). The respondents in this study were workers of Indonesia's upstream oil and gas sector. The results of this study indicate that Big Data, IoT, and Physical Cyber Systems (PCS) have a positive and significant effect on the human factor. In addition, there is a significant relationship between human factors and sustainable manufacturing. Furthermore, it is also found that there is a relationship between managerial initiatives and sustainable manufacturing. However, the managerial initiative cannot moderate the human factor and sustainable manufacturing.
This research explores the profound influence of Industry 4.0 technologies, encompassing big data, IoT, and physical-cyber systems (PCS), on the human aspects of Indonesia's oil and gas sector. The outcomes of this study offer valuable perspectives on how Industry 4.0 technologies can revolutionise the Indonesian oil and gas industry while underscoring the significance of factoring in human elements and sustainable practices within this dynamic landscape.
