Promoting Equity, Diversity, and Inclusion in Surveys: Insights from a Patient-engaged Study to Assess Long COVID Healthcare Needs in Brazil.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Long COVID (LC) refers to persistent symptoms after acute COVID-19 infection, which may endure for months or years. LC affects millions of people globally, with substantial impacts on quality of life, employment, and social participation. Ensuring access to effective, patient-centered care for LC demands evidence, grounded in inclusive representation of those affected by the condition. Yet survey studies frequently under-represent people with the most disabling disease presentations and racially and socio-economically marginalized groups. We aimed to describe a patient-engaged approach to developing a survey to inform public LC healthcare, and to assess its implementation in terms of enabling participation by diverse LC patients in Brazil. METHODS: Survey development was iterative, achieved through an interdisciplinary collaboration among researchers including people living with LC, and grounded in three guiding principles: (1) evidence-based; (2) inclusive, intersectional, and patient-centered understanding of chronic illness and research participation; and (3) sensitivity to the context of healthcare access. RESULTS: The product of our collaboration was a longitudinal survey using a questionnaire assessing: LC symptoms; their clinical and functional evolution; and impacts on quality of life, household income, health service access, utilization, and out-of-pocket expenses. We illustrate how we operationalized our three principles through survey content, instrument design, and administration. 651 participants with diverse LC symptoms, demography, and socio-economic status completed the survey. We successfully included participants experiencing disabling symptoms, Black and mixed race participants, and those with lower education and income. CONCLUSION: By centering patient experience, our novel, principles-based approach succeeded in promoting equity, diversity, and inclusion in LC survey research. These principles guiding patient-engaged collaboration have broad transferability. We encourage survey researchers working on chronic illness and in other contexts of marginalization and inequality to adopt them.

Prevalência e fatores associados à doença renal crônica em pacientes hipertensos cadastrados na estratégia de saúde da família de Rio Branco, Acre / Prevalence and factors associated with chronic kidney disease in hypertensive patients registered in the family health strategy of Rio Branco, Acre / Prevalencia y factores asociados a la enfermedad renal crónica en pacientes hipertensos registrados en la estrategia de salud familiar de Rio Branco, Acre

Introdução: analisar a prevalência e os fatores associados à doença renal crônica em pessoas com hipertensão arterial (HAS) cadastrados na Estratégia de Saúde da Família em Rio Branco, Acre. Método: Trata-se de um estudo transversal realizado com hipertensos cadastrados nas Estratégias de Saúde da Família (ESF), na zona urbana de Rio Branco, Acre, em 2019. A DRC foi definida por TFG < 60 ml/1,72m², estimada a partir da fórmula Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI), ou presença de albuminúria > 29 mg/g. Medidas de associação foram estimadas por regressão logística, com grau de confiança de 95%. Resultados: A prevalência de DRC foi de 27,3% em pessoas com HAS. Observou-se associação estatisticamente significativa nos pacientes hipertensos entre DRC e escolaridade (ensino fundamental ­ OR: 1,56; IC95%:1,09; 2,23; sem escolaridade ­ OR:1,87; IC95%: 1,14; 3,07), não controle da pressão arterial (OR: 2,39; IC95%: 1,45; 3,94), sedentarismo (OR: 1,63; IC95%: 1,02; 2,60). Conclusão: A DRC apresenta alta prevalência nos hipertensos, evidenciando a necessidade de medidas em saúde pública para prevenção de complicações mediante melhor controle da doença e mudanças no estilo de vida.

Introduction: To analyze the prevalence and factors associated with chronic kidney disease in people with hypertension (SAH) registered in the Family Health Strategy in Rio Branco, Acre. Method: This is a cross-sectional study carried out with hypertensive patients registered in the Family Health Strategies (ESF), in the urban area of Rio Branco, Acre, in 2019. CKD was defined by GFR < 60 ml/1.72m², estimated from the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) formula, or presence of albuminuria > 29 mg/g. Association measures were estimated using logistic regression, with a 95% confidence level. Results: The prevalence of CKD was 27.3% in people with hypertension. A statistically significant association was observed in hypertensive patients between CKD and education (primary education ­ OR: 1.56; 95% CI: 1.09; 2.23; no education ­ OR: 1.87; 95% CI: 1.14; 3.07), lack of blood pressure control (OR: 2.39; 95% CI: 1.45; 3.94), sedentary lifestyle (OR: 1.63; 95% CI: 1.02; 2.60). Conclusion: CKD has a high prevalence in hypertensive patients, highlighting the need for public health measures to prevent complications through better control of the disease and changes in lifestyle.

Introducción: Se analizó la prevalencia y los factores asociados a la enfermedad renal crónica (ERC) en personas con hipertensión arterial (HTA) inscritas en la Estrategia de Salud Familiar en Rio Branco, Acre. Método: Estudio transversal con hipertensos inscritos en las Estrategias de Salud Familiar (ESF) en la zona urbana de Rio Branco, Acre, en 2019. La ERC se definió por un FG <60 ml/1,72m², estimado a partir de la fórmula de Colaboración de Epidemiología de Enfermedades Renales Crónicas (CKD-EPI), o la presencia de albuminuria >29 mg/g. Se estimaron medidas de asociación mediante regresión logística, con un nivel de confianza del 95%. Resultados: La prevalencia de ERC fue del 27,3% en personas con HTA. Se observó una asociación estadísticamente significativa entre la ERC y la escolaridad (educación primaria ­ OR: 1,56; IC95%: 1,09; 2,23; sin escolaridad ­ OR: 1,87; IC95%: 1,14; 3,07), falta de control de la presión arterial (OR: 2,39; IC95%: 1,45; 3,94), y sedentarismo (OR: 1,63; IC95%: 1,02; 2,60) en pacientes hipertensos. Conclusión: La ERC presenta una alta prevalencia en pacientes hipertensos, lo que destaca la necesidad de medidas de salud pública para prevenir complicaciones mediante un mejor control de la enfermedad y cambios en el estilo de vida.

Estudo das doenças crônicas sob a ótica da qualidade em saúde: aspectos metodológicos / Study of chronic diseases from the perspective of quality in health: methodological aspects

Descrever os aspectos metodológicos e desenho amostral do Estudo das Doenças Crônicas sob a ótica da qualidade em saúde (Edoc-Quali). O estudo é composto por pesquisas de quatro populações distintas: coordenadores das unidades da Atenção Primária em Saúde; profissionais das equipes da Estratégia de Saúde da Família (ESF); usuários cadastrados nas ESFs com hipertensão arterial; e usuários cadastrados nas ESFs com diabetes mellitus do tipo 2. Participaram 30 gestores e 338 profissionais, que responderam percepções sobre estrutura física e processo de trabalho da equipe, com aplicação do PCATool-Brasil, e dados relativos ao processo de cuidado a esses pacientes. Também foram entrevistadas 672 pessoas com HAS, e 324 com DM2, além de avaliação física, coleta de material biológico e realização do eletrocardiograma. A avaliação da qualidade do cuidado segundo os gestores e profissionais e dos resultados obtidos junto aos usuários do serviço favoreceu o controle de complicações.

To describe the methodological aspects and sample design of the Study of Chronic Diseases from the perspective of quality in health (Edoc-Quali). Consisting of surveys of four distinct populations: coordinators of Primary Health Care units, professionals from the Family Health Strategy (FHS) teams, users registered in the FHS with arterial hypertension; and users registered in the FHS with type 2 diabetes mellitus. 30 managers and 338 participated professionals who answered perceptions about the physical structure and work process of the team with the application of PCATool-Brasil and data related to the care process for these patients. As for the study with users, 672 people with SAH and 324 with DM2 were interviewed, in addition to physical assessment, collection of biological material and electrocardiogram. The assessment of the quality of care according to managers and professionals, and the results obtained from service users, contributes to the control of complications.

Prevalência de diabetes mellitus e fatores associados em adultos: inquérito de base populacional / Prevalence of diabetes mellitus and associated factors in adults: population-based survey

Estimar a prevalência de diabetes mellitus e os fatores associados em adultos. Trata-se de um inquérito realizado com 1.637 indivíduos nas zonas urbana e rural do município de Rio Branco, Acre. Diabetes foi definido pela presença de glicemia no plasma em jejum ≥ 126 mg/dl ou utilização de hipoglicemiante oral ou insulina. Medidas de associação foram estimadas por regressão logística hierarquizada. A prevalência de diabetes foi de 6,5% (n = 202). Após análise, a chance de ser diabético esteve independente e positivamente associada a idade ≥ 60 anos (OR: 6,67; IC95%: 1,83-24,30); história familiar de diabetes mellitus (OR: 2,88; IC95%: 1,43-5,81); circunferência da cintura aumentada (OR: 1,83; IC95%:1,01-3,33); dislipidemia (OR: 2,95; IC95%: 1,34-6,49); anemia (OR: 3,15; IC95%: 1,30-7,60); e doença renal crônica (DRC) (OR: 4,00; IC95%: 1,70-9,33). Foi detectada uma prevalência de 6,5%, estando o diabetes associado com idade, história familiar, anemia e DRC. Indica-se a necessidade do adequado rastreio de comorbidades nesses pacientes.

To estimate the prevalence of diabetes mellitus and associated factors in adults.Survey carried out with 1,637 individuals in urban and rural areas of the municipality of Rio Branco, state of Acre. Diabetes was defined by the presence of fasting plasma glucose ≥ 126 mg/dl or the use of oral hypoglycemic agents or insulin. Association measures were estimated by hierarchical logistic regression.The prevalence of diabetes was 6.5% (n = 202). After analysis, the chance of being diabetic was independently and positively associated with age ≥ 60 years (OR: 6.67; 95%CI: 1.83-24.30); family history of diabetes mellitus (OR: 2.88; 95%CI: 1.43-5.81); increased waist circumference (OR: 1.83; 95%CI: 1.01-3.33); dyslipidemia (OR: 2.95; 95%CI: 1.34-6.49); anemia (OR: 3.15; 95%CI: 1.30-7.60); and chronic kidney disease (CKD) (OR: 4.00; 95%CI: 1.70-9.33). A prevalence of 6.5% was detected, with diabetes associated with age, family history, anemia, and CKD. The need for adequate screening of comorbidities in these patients is indicated.

Ocorrência de dislipidemias e fatores associados em adultos: um estudo de prevalência / Incidencia de dislipidemias y factores asociados en adultos: un estudio de prevalencia / Occurrence of dyslipidemia and associated factors in adults: a prevalence study

RESUMO Objetivo: estimar a prevalência de dislipidemias e os fatores associados em adultos de Rio Branco, Acre. Métodos: estudo de delineamento seccional, populacional, que avaliou adultos (18 a 59 anos) residentes nas zonas urbana e rural de Rio Branco em 2014. As dislipidemias foram definidas conforme os critérios da Atualização da Diretriz Brasileira de Dislipidemias e Prevenção da Ateroscle rose. Empregou-se regressão logística para estimar as odds ratio (OR) e intervalos de confiança de 95% (IC95%). Resultados: a prevalência de dislipidemia, HDL-c baixo, hipertrigliceridemia isolada, hipercolesterolemia isolada e hiperlipidemia mista foi de 56,1%, 37,4%, 23,6%, 9,8% e 3,5%, respectivamente. No modelo final multivariado, apenas a obesidade (OR = 1,86; IC95%: 1,12;3,10) manteve associação estatisticamente significativa com a dislipidemia. Entre os subtipos de dislipidemias, associaram-se à hipertrigliceridemia isolada as variáveis: faixa etária de 40 a 49 anos (OR = 2,17; IC95%: 1,53;4,80); hipercolesterolemia isolada (OR = 2,52; IC95%: 1,23;5,15); HDL-c baixo (OR = 2,53; IC95%: 1,65;3,86); obesidade (OR = 2,10; IC95%: 1,25;3,53); e diabetes mellitus (OR = 5,41; IC95%: 1,46;20,4). Conclusão: a prevalência de alterações lipídicas foi elevada entre adultos. Estratégias de intervenções para diagnóstico, tratamento e intensificação de medidas preventivas e orientações de estilo de vida saudáveis são importantes nessa população.

RESUMEN Objetivo: estimar la prevalencia de dislipidemias y los factores asociados en adultos de Rio Branco, Acre-Brasil. Métodos: estudio de investigación seccional, poblacional, que evaluó adultos (18 a 59 años) residentes en las zonas urbana y rural de Rio Branco en 2014. Las dislipidemias fueron definidas conforme a los criterios de la Actualización de la Directriz Brasileña de Dislipidemias y Prevención de la Aterosclerosis. Se empleó regresión logística para estimar las odds ratio (OR) e intervalos de confianza del 95% (IC95%). Resultados: la prevalencia de dislipidemia, HDL-c bajo, hipertrigliceridemia aislada, hipercolesterolemia aislada e hiperlipidemia mixta fue de 56,1%, 37,4%, 23,6%, 9,8% y 3,5%, respectivamente. En el modelo final multivariado, solo la obesidad (OR = 1,86; IC95%: 1,12;3,10) mantuvo una asociación estadísticamente significativa con la dislipidemia. Entre los subtipos de dislipidemias, se asociaron a la hipertrigliceridemia aislada las variables: franja etaria de 40 a 49 años (OR = 2,17; IC95%: 1,53;4,80); hipercolesterolemia aislada (OR = 2,52; IC95%: 1,23;5,15); HDL-c bajo (OR = 2,53; IC95%: 1,65;3,86); obesidad (OR = 2,10; IC95%: 1,25;3,53); y diabetes mellitus (OR = 5,41; IC95%: 1,46;20,4). Conclusión: la prevalencia de cambios lipídicos fue elevada entre adultos. Estrategias de intervenciones para el diagnóstico, tratamiento e intensificación de medidas preventivas y orientaciones de estilo de vida saludables son importantes en esa población.

ABSTRACT Objective: to estimate the prevalence of dyslipidemia and associated factors in adults in Rio Branco, Acre. Methods: a cross-sectional, population-based study that assessed adults (age 18 to 59 years) living in urban and rural areas of Rio Branco in 2014. Dyslipidemias were defined according to the criteria of the Brazilian Guidelines Update on Dyslipidemias and Prevention of Atherosclerosis. Logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI95%). Results: the prevalence of dyslipidemia, low HDL-c, isolated hypertriglyceridemia, isolated hypercholesterolemia and mixed hyperlipidemia was 56.1%, 37.4%, 23.6%, 9.8% and 3.5%, respectively. In the final multivariate model, only obesity (OR = 1.86; CI95%: 1.12; 3.10) maintained a statistically significant association with dyslipidemia. Among the dyslipidemia subtypes, the following variables were associated with isolated hypertriglyceridemia: age group 40 to 49 years (OR = 2.17; CI95%: 1.53; 4.80); isolated hypercholesterolemia (OR = 2.52; CI95%: 1.23; 5.15); low HDL-c (OR = 2.53; CI95%: 1.65; 3.86); obesity (OR = 2.10; CI95%: 1.25;3.53); and diabetes mellitus (OR = 5.41; CI95%: 1.46; 20.4). Conclusion: the prevalence of lipid alterations was high among adults. Intervention strategies for diagnosis, treatment and intensification of preventive measures and healthy lifestyle guidelines are important in this population.

Use of medication and associated factors in adults living in Rio Branco, Acre. Use of medication in adults

Abstract We analyzed use of medication and associated factors in adults aged 18-59 years living in Rio Branco, Acre. This is a cross-sectional and population-based study that used a probabilistic sample of the population from rural and urban areas of the city of Rio Branco, Acre. The Prevalence Ratio (PR) was calculated with 95% confidence intervals and associations were estimated by Poisson regression. This study found a 29.4% prevalence ratio of use of medication among individuals aged from 18 to 59 years (685 adults: 473 women and 212 men; producing estimates for 211,902 adults: 110,769 women and 101,133 men). After adjusted analysis, their use was associated with: age (50-59 years, PR: 2.36; 95%CI: 2.29-2.43); women (PR: 1.25; 95%CI: 1.23-1.27); up to elementary school (PR: 1.13; 95%CI: 1.11-1.15); and poor or very poor self-rated health (PR: 1.47; 95%CI: 1.43-1.51). The health conditions associated with use of medication were: number of comorbidities, hypertension, diabetes, insomnia, depression, number of health complaints and use of health services. The most frequently used drugs were those belonging to the following ATC categories: alimentary tract and metabolism, cardiovascular system, nervous system, and the musculoskeletal system.

Conhecimentos e práticas de esporte de estudantes do ensino médio das regionais do estado do Acre / Sports knowledge and practices of high school students in the regions of the state of Acre

Este estudo visa descrever os conhecimentos e práticas de esporte de estudantes do ensino médio. A problematização baseia-se em como estão sendo percebidas essas práticas e os conhecimentos esportivos dos estudantes das instituições federais do Acre. É um estudo transversal do tipo descritivo e exploratório, com utilização de questionário estruturado, validado por um painel de especialistas. Os respondentes do estudo foram 674 estudantes. Os resultados apontam que os participantes reconhecem a importância do esporte para a melhoria de vários aspectos de sua vida, no entanto, uma grande parcela não realiza atividades esportivas nos horários de folga. O principal motivo referenciado para não praticar esporte fora da escola foi a falta de tempo. Entre os que praticam esporte no tempo livre, os motivos foram a melhora no desempenho físico e ser um hábito saudável, e as modalidades mais praticadas são o futebol e o futsal.

This study aims to describe the knowledge and sports practices of high school students. The problematization is based on how these practices and the sports knowledge of students from federal institutions in Acre are being perceived. It is a cross-sectional study of a descriptive and exploratory type, using a structured questionnaire, validated by a panel of experts. Study respondents were 674 students. The results show that the participants recognize the importance of sport for the improvement of various aspects of their lives, however, a large portion does not perform sports activities during their free time. The main reason cited for not playing sports outside school was the lack of time. Among those who practice sports in their free time, the reasons were the improvement in physical performance and being a healthy habit, and the most practiced modalities are football and futsal.

Autoavaliação negativa associada ao estado objetivo da saúde e à qualidade de vida em adultos / Negative self-assessment associated with objective health status and quality of life in adults

O objetivo do presente estudo foi estimar a prevalência de autoavaliação negativa da saúde e os fatores a ela associados em adultos. Para tanto, realizou-se um inquérito com adultos de 18 a 59 anos, das zonas urbana e rural do município de Rio Branco, Acre, no ano de 2014. Os possíveis fatores relacionados a tal autoavaliação foram verificados por regressão logística múltipla. A prevalência de autoavaliação negativa da saúde foi de 12,1%, estando associada a idade, estresse (OR: 1,87; IC 95%: 1,04-3,38), uso de medicamentos (OR: 2,23; IC 95%: 1,19-4,20) e autorrelato de insônia (OR: 2,33; IC 95%: 1,20-4,53) ou depressão (OR: 2,03; IC 95%: 1,02-4,04). A lipoproteína de baixa densidade também esteve associada, bem como o tercil inferior dos domínios físico e psicológico da qualidade de vida. Conclui-se que a autoavaliação de saúde refletiu as condições físicas e psicológicas e constitui uma medida do estado global de saúde do indivíduo.

The prevalence of negative self-rated health and associated factors in adults are estimated. A survey was conducted with adults aged 18 to 59 years, from urban and rural areas in the municipality of Rio Branco AC Brazil, in 2014. The possible factors associated with self-evaluation were verified by multiple logistic regression. The prevalence of negative self-rated health was 12.1%, associated with age, stress (OR: 1.87; 95% CI: 1.04-3.38), use of medicine (OR: 2, 23; 95% CI: 1.19-4.20) and self-reported insomnia (OR: 2.33; 95% CI: 1.20-4.53) or depression (OR: 2.03; 95% CI: 1.02-4.04). Low-density lipoprotein and the lower tercile of the physical and psychological domains of life quality were also associated. Results show that self-rated health reflected physical and psychological conditions and actually assessed the individual's overall health status.

Prevalence of polypharmacy and associated factors in older adults living in Rio Branco, Acre, Brazil: a cross-sectional population-based study, 2014. / Prevalência e fatores associados à polifarmácia em idosos residentes em Rio Branco, Acre, Brasil: estudo transversal de base populacional, 2014.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze polypharmacy prevalence and associated factors in older adults living in Rio Branco, Acre, Brazil, in 2014. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional population-based study using complex sampling with older adults. Polypharmacy was defined as concomitant use of five or more medications. RESULTS: Polypharmacy prevalence was 14.9% (95%CI 11.8;18.6), positively associated with females (OR=2.29 - 95%CI 1.41;3.74), white race/skin color (OR=1.61 - 95%CI 1.10;2.38), dependence (OR=1.65 - 95%CI 1.05;2.60), change in eating habits/dieting (OR=1.66 - 95%CI 1.16;2.36), hospitalization in the last 12 months (OR=1.61 - 95%CI 1.02;2.53) and presence of the following self-reported morbidities: systemic arterial hypertension (OR=2.40 - 95%CI 1.33;4.34), diabetes mellitus (OR=2.17 - 95%CI 1.23;3.84), osteoporosis (OR=2.92 - 95%CI 1.84;4.64) and heart problems (OR=2.94 - 95%CI 1.90;4.56). CONCLUSION: This study found that polypharmacy in the older adults was associated with demographic and health conditions.

Produção de conhecimento do grupo de pesquisa LEPEF-EdsaLa em políticas públicas de esporte e lazer no estado do Acre / LEPEF-EdSaLa research group's production of knowledge on sports and leisure public policies in the state of Acre / Producción de conocimiento del grupo de investigación LEPEF-EdsaLa en políticas públicas de deporte y ocio en el estado de Acre

Esta investigação está alicerçada no estado do conhecimento, entre 2007 e outubro de 2020, na área de políticas públicas de esporte e lazer no estado do Acre. Objetiva apresentar a produção de conhecimento do Grupo de Pesquisa LEPEF-EdSaLa, situando esta temática em nível estadual, via Rede Cedes/CDPPEL-Acre. O estudo perpassa o contexto de criação do referido grupo, suas produções e contribuições, originando 239 produções, sendo 11 na área do esporte e lazer e 4 na área de políticas públicas de esporte e lazer. Dentre as ações produzidas pelo grupo destacam-se: implantação e desenvolvimento do Centro de Pesquisa da Rede Cedes no Acre; realização de eventos; publicações; realização de atividades educacionais e de formação de equipe, corroborando o impacto e a influência na formação dos docentes e estudantes da Ufac, bem como de professores de educação física e gestores, com um novo olhar para as políticas públicas das regionais do Acre.

This research is based on the state of knowledge, between 2007 and october 2020 in the area of public policies for sport and leisure in the state of Acre. It aims to present the production of knowledge of the Research Group LEPEF-EdSaLa, situating this theme at the state level, via Rede Cedes/CDPPEL-Acre. The study goes through the context of the group's creation, its productions and contributions, 239 productions, 11 of which in the area of sports and leisure and 4 in the area of public sport and leisure public policies. Among the actions produced by the group, the following stand out: implantation and development of the Rede Cedes Network Research Center in Acre; events; publications; educational activities and team building, proving the impact and influence in the formation of Ufac teachers and students, as well as physical education teachers and managers, with a new look to the public policies of the regions of Acre.

Esta investigación se basa en el estado del conocimiento, entre 2007 y octubre de 2020 en el ámbito de las políticas públicas de deporte y ocio en el estado de Acre. Tiene como objetivo presentar la producción de conocimiento del Grupo de Investigación LEPEF-EdSaLa, ubicando este tema a nivel estatal, vía Rede Cedes/CDPPEL-Acre. El estudio recorre el contexto de la creación de este grupo, sus producciones y aportaciones, originando 239 producciones, 11 en el área de deporte y ocio y 4 en el área de políticas públicas de deporte y ocio. Entre las acciones producidas por el grupo se destacan: implementación y desarrollo del Centro de Investigación de la Rede Cedes en Acre; celebración de eventos; publicaciones actividades educativas y formación de equipo, corroborando el impacto e influencia en la formación de docentes y estudiantes de la Ufac, así como de docentes y gestores de educación física, con una nueva mirada a las políticas públicas en las regiones regionales de Acre.

[Chronic kidney disease among adults in Rio Branco, State of Acre: a population-based survey]. / Doença renal crônica em adultos de Rio Branco, Acre: inquérito de base populacional.

The scope of this study was to establish the prevalence of CKD and associated factors among young adults (18-59 years of age) from Rio Branco in the State of Acre. It involved a population-based survey conducted in 2014, in the urban and rural areas of the municipality and CKD was defined as the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) < 60ml/min/1.73m², estimated by the CKD-EPI, and the presence of albuminuria > 29 mg/g. Association measures were estimated by logistic regression, with a confidence level of 95%. The overall prevalence of CKD was 6.2%. The presence of CKD was higher among women, aged 40 to 59 years, with non-white skin color, with lower schooling, and of sedentary disposition. There were statistically significant differences in the distribution according to the presence of CKD in the hypertension, diabetes and hospitalization variables over the past 12 months. CKD among adults was associated with the female sex (OR: 2.41, 95%CI: 1.14-5.12), diabetes (OR: 4.67, 95%CI: 1.28-17.03) and arterial hypertension (OR: 1.98; 95%CI: 1.16-3.37). CKD reveals a high prevalence and is associated with chronic diseases, calling for the need for public health measures for early detection and prevention of its progression.

O objetivo do presente estudo foi verificar a prevalência de DRC e os fatores a ela associados em adultos jovens (18-59 anos) de Rio Branco, Acre. Trata-se de um inquérito de base populacional realizado em 2014, nas zonas urbana e rural do município de Rio Branco, Acre. A DRC foi definida pela taxa de filtração glomerular (TFG) < 60 ml/min/1,73 m², estimada pela CKD-EPI, e presença de albuminúria > 29 mg/g. Medidas de associação foram estimadas por regressão logística, com grau de confiança de 95%. A prevalência geral de DRC foi de 6,2%. A presença de DRC foi maior entre as mulheres, naqueles com 40 a 59 anos, de cor da pele não-branca, com menor escolaridade e entre os sedentários. Houve diferenças estatisticamente significativas na distribuição segundo a presença de DRC nas variáveis hipertensão arterial, diabetes e internação nos últimos 12 meses. A DRC entre os adultos esteve associada ao sexo feminino (OR: 2,41; IC95%: 1,14-5,12), diabetes (OR: 4,67; IC95%: 1,28-17,03) e hipertensão arterial (OR: 1,98; IC95%: 1,16-3,37). A DRC apresenta alta prevalência e está associada às doenças crônicas, evidenciando a necessidade de medidas em saúde pública para detecção precoce e prevenção da sua progressão.

Prevalence of polypharmacy and associated factors in elderly living in Rio Branco, Acre, Brazil: cross-sectional population-based study, 2014 / Prevalencia y factores asociados con la polifarmacia en residentes de edad avanzada en Rio Branco, Acre, Brasil: estudio transversal de base poblacional, 2014 / Prevalência e fatores associados à polifarmácia em idosos residentes em Rio Branco, Acre, Brasil: estudo transversal de base populacional, 2014

Objective: To analyze the prevalence and factors associated with polypharmacy inelderly people living in Rio Branco, Acre, Brazil, in 2014. Methods: Cross-sectionalpopulation-based study, verification by complex sampling, with elderly people.Polypharmacy was defined as the concomitant use of five or more drugs. Results: Theprevalence of polypharmacy was 14.9% (95%IC 11,8;18,6), positively associated withfemales (OR=2.29 ­ 95%CI 1.41;3.74), white skin color (OR=1.61 ­ 95%CI 1.10;2.38),dependence (OR=1.65 ­ 95%CI 1.05;2.60), change in eating habits/diet use (OR=1.66 ­95%CI 1,16;2.36), hospitalization in the last 12 months (OR=1.61 ­ 95%CI 1.02;2.53)and presence of the following self-reported morbidities: systemic arterial hypertension(OR=2.40 ­ 95%CI 1.33;4.34), diabetes mellitus (OR=2.17 ­ 95%CI 1.23;3.84),osteoporosis (OR=2.92 ­ 95%CI 1.84;4.64) and problems (OR=2.94 ­ 95%CI1.90;4.56). Conclusion: The polypharmacy in the elderly found in this study wasassociated with demographic and health conditions.

Objetivo: Analisar a prevalência e os fatores associados à polifarmácia em idososresidentes em Rio Branco, Acre, Brasil, em 2014. Métodos: Estudo transversal de basepopulacional, obtido por amostragem complexa, com idosos. A polifarmácia foidefinida como o uso concomitante de cinco ou mais fármacos. Resultados: Aprevalência de polifarmácia foi de 14,9% (IC95% 11,8;18,6), associada positivamente aosexo feminino (OR=2,29 ­ IC95% 1,41;3,74), raça/cor da pele branca (OR=1,61 ­ IC95%1,10;2,38), dependência (OR=1,65 ­ IC95% 1,05;2,60), mudança de hábitos 3alimentares/uso de dieta (OR=1,66 ­ IC95% 1,16;2,36), internação nos últimos 12 meses(OR=1,61 ­ IC95% 1,02;2,53) e presença das seguintes morbidades autorreferidas:hipertensão arterial sistêmica (OR=2,40 ­ IC95% 1,33;4,34), diabetes mellitus (OR=2,17­ IC95% 1,23;3,84), osteoporose (OR=2,92 ­ IC95% 1,84;4,64) e problemas cardíacos(OR=2,94 ­ IC95% 1,90;4,56). Conclusão: A polifarmácia em idosos encontrada nesteestudo esteve associada às condições demográficas e de saúde.

Doença renal crônica em adultos de Rio Branco, Acre: inquérito de base populacional / Chronic kidney disease among adults in Rio Branco, State of Acre: a population-based survey

Resumo O objetivo do presente estudo foi verificar a prevalência de DRC e os fatores a ela associados em adultos jovens (18-59 anos) de Rio Branco, Acre. Trata-se de um inquérito de base populacional realizado em 2014, nas zonas urbana e rural do município de Rio Branco, Acre. A DRC foi definida pela taxa de filtração glomerular (TFG) < 60 ml/min/1,73 m², estimada pela CKD-EPI, e presença de albuminúria > 29 mg/g. Medidas de associação foram estimadas por regressão logística, com grau de confiança de 95%. A prevalência geral de DRC foi de 6,2%. A presença de DRC foi maior entre as mulheres, naqueles com 40 a 59 anos, de cor da pele não-branca, com menor escolaridade e entre os sedentários. Houve diferenças estatisticamente significativas na distribuição segundo a presença de DRC nas variáveis hipertensão arterial, diabetes e internação nos últimos 12 meses. A DRC entre os adultos esteve associada ao sexo feminino (OR: 2,41; IC95%: 1,14-5,12), diabetes (OR: 4,67; IC95%: 1,28-17,03) e hipertensão arterial (OR: 1,98; IC95%: 1,16-3,37). A DRC apresenta alta prevalência e está associada às doenças crônicas, evidenciando a necessidade de medidas em saúde pública para detecção precoce e prevenção da sua progressão.

Abstract The scope of this study was to establish the prevalence of CKD and associated factors among young adults (18-59 years of age) from Rio Branco in the State of Acre. It involved a population-based survey conducted in 2014, in the urban and rural areas of the municipality and CKD was defined as the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) < 60ml/min/1.73m², estimated by the CKD-EPI, and the presence of albuminuria > 29 mg/g. Association measures were estimated by logistic regression, with a confidence level of 95%. The overall prevalence of CKD was 6.2%. The presence of CKD was higher among women, aged 40 to 59 years, with non-white skin color, with lower schooling, and of sedentary disposition. There were statistically significant differences in the distribution according to the presence of CKD in the hypertension, diabetes and hospitalization variables over the past 12 months. CKD among adults was associated with the female sex (OR: 2.41, 95%CI: 1.14-5.12), diabetes (OR: 4.67, 95%CI: 1.28-17.03) and arterial hypertension (OR: 1.98; 95%CI: 1.16-3.37). CKD reveals a high prevalence and is associated with chronic diseases, calling for the need for public health measures for early detection and prevention of its progression.

Prevalência e fatores associados à utilização de medicamentos potencialmente inapropriados para pessoas idosas em Rio Branco, Acre, Brasil: um estudo de base populacional / Prevalence and factors associated the use of potentially inappropriate medications by older adults in Rio Branco, Acre, Brazil: a population-based study

Resumo Objetivo Verificar a prevalência e analisar os fatores associados ao uso de medicamentos potencialmente inapropriados (MPI) em pessoas idosas de Rio Branco, Acre, Brasil. Método Trata-se de um estudo transversal de base populacional. A variável dependente foi uso de pelo menos um MPI, de acordo com os critérios do Consenso Brasileiro de Medicamentos Potencialmente Inapropriados para Idosos (CBMPII), independentemente da condição clínica. Na avaliação da associação entre o uso de medicamentos inapropriados e as variáveis independentes, realizou-se análise bruta e ajustada por meio de regressão logística, utilizando-se o modelo hierarquizado por razão de chances (OR). Resultados A prevalência de uso de pelo menos um MPI entre os 1.016 participantes foi de 25,9% (IC95% 22,3; 29,8), associada positivamente a sexo feminino (OR=1,38; IC95% 1,01; 1,90), dependência quanto às atividades instrumentais da vida diária (OR=1,37; IC95% 1,02; 1,83), autoavaliação de saúde negativa (OR=1,54; IC95% 1,12; 2,11), internação nos últimos 12 meses (OR=1,79; IC95% 1,19; 2,69) e presença de mais de três comorbidades (OR= 2,56; IC95% 1,97; 3,33). A subcategoria mais utilizada foi dos inibidores de bombas de prótons, por 11,3% (9,2; 13,8). Conclusão A prevalência de uso de MPI por idosos da amostra foi de um quarto, estando associada ao sexo feminino e a condições de saúde. Ações de conscientização fazem-se necessárias para garantia dos benefícios no uso dos medicamentos.

Abstract Objective To verify the prevalence and analyze the factors associated with the use of potentially inappropriate medications (PIM) in the older adults in Rio Branco, Acre, Brazil. Method This is a cross-sectional population-based study. The dependent variable was the use of at least one PIM, according to the criteria of the Brazilian Consensus on Potentially Inappropriate Medicines for the older adults, regardless of clinical condition. In evaluating the association between the use of inappropriate medications and the independent variables, a crude and adjusted analysis was performed using logistic regression, using the hierarchical model by odds ratio (OR). Results The prevalence of using at least one PIM among the 1,016 participants was 25.9% (95%CI 22.3; 29.8), positively associated with female sex (OR=1.38; 95%CI 1.01; 1.90), dependence on instrumental activities of daily living (OR=1.37; 95%CI 1.02; 1.83), negative self-rated health (OR=1.54; 95%CI 1.12; 2.11), hospitalization in the last 12 months (OR=1.79; 95%CI 1.19; 2.69) and presence of more than three comorbidities (OR=2.56; 95%CI 1.97; 3.33). The most used subcategory was proton pump inhibitors by 11.3% (9.2; 13.8). Conclusion The prevalence of PIM use by elderly in this population was a quarter, being associated with female gender and health conditions. Awareness actions are necessary to guarantee the benefits of using medications.

Prevalência e fatores associados à polifarmácia em idosos residentes em Rio Branco, Acre, Brasil: estudo transversal de base populacional, 2014 / Prevalencia y factores asociados con la polifarmacia en residentes de adultos mayores en Rio Branco, Acre, Brasil: estudio transversal de base poblacional, 2014 / Prevalence of polypharmacy and associated factors in older adults living in Rio Branco, Acre, Brazil: a cross-sectional population-based study, 2014

Objetivo: Analisar a prevalência e os fatores associados à polifarmácia em idosos residentes em Rio Branco, Acre, Brasil, em 2014. Métodos: Estudo transversal de base populacional, obtido por amostragem complexa, com idosos. A polifarmácia foi definida como o uso concomitante de cinco ou mais fármacos. Resultados: A prevalência de polifarmácia foi de 14,9% (IC95% 11,8;18,6), associada positivamente ao sexo feminino (OR=2,29 - IC95% 1,41;3,74), raça/cor da pele branca (OR=1,61 - IC95% 1,10;2,38), dependência (OR=1,65 - IC95% 1,05;2,60), mudança de hábitos alimentares/uso de dieta (OR=1,66 - IC95% 1,16;2,36), internação nos últimos 12 meses (OR=1,61 - IC95% 1,02;2,53) e presença das seguintes morbidades autorreferidas: hipertensão arterial sistêmica (OR=2,40 - IC95% 1,33;4,34), diabetes mellitus (OR=2,17 - IC95% 1,23;3,84), osteoporose (OR=2,92 - IC95% 1,84;4,64) e problemas cardíacos (OR=2,94 - IC95% 1,90;4,56). Conclusão: A polifarmácia em idosos encontrada neste estudo esteve associada às condições demográficas e de saúde.

Objetivo: Analizar la prevalencia y los factores asociados a la polifarmacia en adultos mayores residentes en Rio Branco, Acre, Brasil, en 2014. Métodos: Estudio poblacional transversal, verificación por muestreo complejo, con adultos mayores. La polifarmacia se definió como el uso concomitante de cinco o más fármacos. Resultados: La prevalencia de la polifarmacia fue de 14,9% (IC95% 11,8;18,6), asociada positivamente al sexo femenino (OR=2,29 - IC95% 1,41;3,74), raza/color de piel blanca (OR=1,61 - IC95% 1,10;2,38), dependencia (OR=1,65 - IC95% 1,05;2,60), cambio en los hábitos alimentarios/dieta (OR=1,66 - IC95% 1,16;2,36), hospitalización en los últimos 12 meses (OR=1,61 - IC95% 1,02;2,53) y presencia de las siguientes morbilidades autoinformadas: hipertensión arterial sistémica (OR=2,40 - IC95% 1,33;4,34), diabetes mellitus (OR=2,17 - IC95% 1,23;3,84), osteoporosis (OR=2,92 - IC95% 1,84;4,64) y problemas cardíacos (OR=2,94 - IC95% 1,90;4,56). Conclusión: La polifarmacia en adultos mayores encontrada en este estudio se asoció a condiciones demográficas y de salud.

Objective: To analyze polypharmacy prevalence and associated factors in older adults living in Rio Branco, Acre, Brazil, in 2014. Methods: This was a cross-sectional population-based study using complex sampling with older adults. Polypharmacy was defined as concomitant use of five or more medications. Results: Polypharmacy prevalence was 14.9% (95%CI 11.8;18.6), positively associated with females (OR=2.29 - 95%CI 1.41;3.74), white race/skin color (OR=1.61 - 95%CI 1.10;2.38), dependence (OR=1.65 - 95%CI 1.05;2.60), change in eating habits/dieting (OR=1.66 - 95%CI 1.16;2.36), hospitalization in the last 12 months (OR=1.61 - 95%CI 1.02;2.53) and presence of the following self-reported morbidities: systemic arterial hypertension (OR=2.40 - 95%CI 1.33;4.34), diabetes mellitus (OR=2.17 - 95%CI 1.23;3.84), osteoporosis (OR=2.92 - 95%CI 1.84;4.64) and heart problems (OR=2.94 - 95%CI 1.90;4.56). Conclusion: This study found that polypharmacy in the older adults was associated with demographic and health conditions.

Factors associated with low handgrip strength in older people: data of the Study of Chronic Diseases (Edoc-I).

BACKGROUND: Handgrip strength (HGS) is an important health biomarker whose low scores have been shown to be associated with the morbimortality. This study aimed to analyze the factors associated with low HGS in older people in Rio Branco, Acre, Brazil. METHODS: The study was carried out with data from the Study of Chronic Diseases (EDOC-I) - Older People, a cross-sectional household PAPI probability sample survey performed with 1016 people aged over 60 residing in Rio Branco in 2014. The low HGS was defined by the 20th percentile of the maximum HGS by sex and age group. Associations between variables of health status (psychological and physical) and low HGS, by sex, were estimated using logistic regression, expressed by adjusted ORs (aOR). RESULTS: Older individuals had lower median HGS than younger individuals (- 6.0 kg among men and - 2.6 kg among women). Women aged over 80 had, on average, the lower quintile of HGS compared to women of the previous age groups. Factors independently associated with low HGS in men and women, respectively, were low weigh in body mass index [(aOR = 2.80; 95%CI: 1.19, 6.61) and (aOR = 2.61; 95%CI: 1.46, 4.66)], anemia [(aOR = 4.15; 95%CI: 2.09, 8.21) and (aOR = 1.80; 95%CI: 1.06, 3.06)] and diabetes as a risk factor in men (aOR 1.95; 95%CI: 1.00, 3.81). There was a higher chance of low HGS in men with partners (aOR = 2.44; 95%CI: 1.32, 4.51), smokers or former smokers (aOR = 3.25; 95%CI: 1.25, 8.44), with current self-assessment of health worse than the 12 previous months (aOR = 2.21; 95%CI: 1.14, 4.30) and dependence in activities of daily living (aOR = 2.92; 95%CI: 1.35, 6.30). Only among women, there was an increased chance of low HGS associated with altered waist-to-hip ratio (aOR = 1.79; 95%CI: 1.02, 3.12), insomnia (aOR = 1.83; 95%CI: 1.10, 3.03) and physical activity from displacement/occupation (aOR = 1.75; 95%CI: 1.08, 2.84). CONCLUSION: Factors associated with low HGS are not the same between sexes, and the inclusion of HGS as a component of health assessment seems to be a promising strategy for disease prevention and health promotion.

Relationship between anthropometric indicators and risk factors for cardiovascular disease in adults and older adults of Rio Branco, Acre.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the association between anthropometric variables and cardiovascular risk factors in adults and older adults of Rio Branco, Acre. METHODS: A population-based cross-sectional study with 641 adults and 957 older adults was conducted. The statistical analyses consisted of the distribution of anthropometric variables according to the cardiovascular risk factors by frequency and dispersion measures. Pearson's correlation coefficient and prevalence ratios (PR) were estimated with their respective 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) using the SPSS ® version 20.0. RESULTS: Moderate correlations were obtained in adult men for waist-hip ratio and total cholesterol (r = 0.486; p < 0.001) and for waist-hip and triglyceride ratios (r = 0.484; p < 0.001). The highest prevalence of hypertension and diabetes in adults were observed in men; in the older adults, the prevalence of hypertension was above 65% in both sexes. The prevalence of dyslipidemia was above 78% in obese adults and older adults. When analyzing the associations, a higher strength of association was found between arterial hypertension and waist-to-stature ratio (PR = 13.42; 95%CI 12.58-14.31) and body mass index greater than 30 kg/m 2 (PR = 6.61; 95%CI 6.34-6.89) in adult men. In the analysis of diabetes, the waist-hip ratio presented greater robustness in the association for women (PR = 7.53; 95%CI 6.92-8.20) and men (PR = 9.79; 95%CI 9.14-10.49). CONCLUSION: Anthropometric variables are important predictors of cardiovascular risk; however, their assessments should be performed independently, according to sex and age group.

Autoavaliação negativa da saúde em pessoas idosas associada a condições socioeconômicas e de saúde: inquérito populacional em Rio Branco, Acre / Negative self-rated health in older people associated with socioeconomic conditions and health: a population survey in Rio Branco, Acre

Resumo Objetivo Estimar a prevalência de autoavaliação negativa da saúde e sua associação com condições socioeconômicas, sintomas depressivos, funcionalidade e morbidades autorreferidas em pessoas idosas de Rio Branco, Acre. Método Trata-se de uma pesquisa realizada com dados do Estudo das Doenças Crônicas em Idosos (EDOC-I), um inquérito domiciliar realizado com pessoas a partir de 60 anos residentes em Rio Branco, Acre, Brasil, em 2014 (n=1.016). A autoavaliação negativa da saúde foi definida pelos estratos "ruim" e "muito ruim". Foram aplicadas as escalas de depressão geriátrica e das atividades da vida diária e instrumentais da vida diária. Como medida de associação da autoavaliação negativa da saúde com variáveis de interesse foi empregada a técnica de regressão logística múltipla. Resultados A prevalência de autoavaliação negativa da saúde foi de 15,4%, apresentando associação estatisticamente significativa com sexo feminino (OR:1,72; IC95%:1,17-2,51), baixa escolaridade (OR:2,33; IC95%:1,37-3,97), sedentarismo (OR:1,84; IC95%: 1,08-3,14) e uso de medicamentos (OR:3,01; IC95%:1,52-5,95). Também se detectou associação com sintomas depressivos (OR:2,55; IC95%:1,74-3,73), presença de multimorbidades (OR:1,73; IC95%:1,15-2,61) e dependência total nas atividades instrumentais da vida diária (OR:2,42; IC95%:1,40-4,17). As morbidades associadas à percepção negativa da saúde foram: asma/bronquite (OR:2,74; IC95%:1,61-4,67), insônia (OR:1,80; IC95%:1,25-2,58) e problemas cardíacos (OR:1,77; IC95%:1,18-2,68). Conclusão Assim, a autoavaliação negativa da saúde das pessoas idosas sofre influência das condições socioeconômicas e de saúde, sendo um indicador útil para o delineamento de estratégias em saúde que favoreçam o envelhecimento com independência e bem-estar físico e emocional.

Abstract Objective To estimate the prevalence of negative self-rated health and its association with socioeconomic conditions, depressive symptoms, self-reported functionality, and morbidities in older people in Rio Branco, Acre. Method This is a survey carried out with data from Estudo das Doenças Crônicas em Idosos (EDOC-I - Study of Chronic Diseases in Older People), a household survey carried out with people aged 60 and over living in Rio Branco, Acre, Brazil, in 2014 (n=1,016). Negative self-rated health was defined by the "bad" and "very bad" strata. The scales of geriatric depression and activities of daily living and instrumental activities of daily living were applied. As a measure of association between negative self-rated health and variables of interest, the multiple logistic regression technique was used. Results The prevalence of negative self-rated health was 15.4%, with a statistically significant association with females (OR: 1.72; 95%CI:1.17-2.51), low education (OR:2.33; 95%CI:1.37-3.97), sedentary lifestyle (OR:1.84; 95%CI:1.08-3.14), and medication use (OR:3.01; 95%CI:1.52-5,95). An association was also detected with depressive symptoms (OR:2.55; 95%CI:1.74-3.73), presence of multimorbidities (OR:1.73; 95%CI:1.15-2.61), and total dependence on instrumental activities of daily living (OR:2.42; 95%CI:1.40-4.17). The morbidities associated with the negative perception of health were asthma/bronchitis (OR:2.74; 95%CI:1.61-4.67), insomnia (OR:1.80; 95%CI:1.25-2.58), and heart problems (OR:1.77; 95%CI:1.18-2.68). Conclusion Therefore, the negative self-rated health of older people is influenced by socioeconomic and health conditions, being a useful indicator for the design of health strategies to favor aging with independence and physical and emotional well-being.

Relationship between anthropometric indicators and risk factors for cardiovascular disease in adults and older adults of Rio Branco, Acre / Relação de indicadores antropométricos com fatores de risco para doença cardiovascular em adultos e idosos de Rio Branco, Acre

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To analyze the association between anthropometric variables and cardiovascular risk factors in adults and older adults of Rio Branco, Acre. METHODS A population-based cross-sectional study with 641 adults and 957 older adults was conducted. The statistical analyses consisted of the distribution of anthropometric variables according to the cardiovascular risk factors by frequency and dispersion measures. Pearson's correlation coefficient and prevalence ratios (PR) were estimated with their respective 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) using the SPSS ® version 20.0. RESULTS Moderate correlations were obtained in adult men for waist-hip ratio and total cholesterol (r = 0.486; p < 0.001) and for waist-hip and triglyceride ratios (r = 0.484; p < 0.001). The highest prevalence of hypertension and diabetes in adults were observed in men; in the older adults, the prevalence of hypertension was above 65% in both sexes. The prevalence of dyslipidemia was above 78% in obese adults and older adults. When analyzing the associations, a higher strength of association was found between arterial hypertension and waist-to-stature ratio (PR = 13.42; 95%CI 12.58-14.31) and body mass index greater than 30 kg/m 2 (PR = 6.61; 95%CI 6.34-6.89) in adult men. In the analysis of diabetes, the waist-hip ratio presented greater robustness in the association for women (PR = 7.53; 95%CI 6.92-8.20) and men (PR = 9.79; 95%CI 9.14-10.49). CONCLUSION Anthropometric variables are important predictors of cardiovascular risk; however, their assessments should be performed independently, according to sex and age group.

RESUMO OBJETIVO Analisar a associação entre variáveis antropométricas e os fatores de risco cardiovascular na população de adultos e idosos de Rio Branco, Acre. MÉTODOS Estudo transversal de base populacional com 641 adultos e 957 idosos. As análises estatísticas consistiram na distribuição das variáveis antropométricas segundo os fatores de risco cardiovascular por medidas de frequência e dispersão. Foram calculadas a correlação de Pearson e razões de prevalência (RP) com seus respectivos intervalos de confiança de 95% (IC5%), empregando as rotinas do SPSS ® versão 20.0. RESULTADOS Correlações moderadas foram obtidas nos adultos homens para relação cintura-quadril e colesterol total (r = 0,486; p < 0,001) e para relação cintura-quadril e triglicerídeos (r = 0,484; p < 0,001). As maiores prevalências de hipertensão arterial e diabetes nos adultos foram observadas nos homens; já nos idosos, as prevalências de hipertensão ficaram acima de 65% em ambos os sexos. As prevalências de dislipidemia ficaram acima de 78% nos indivíduos obesos adultos e idosos. Ao analisar as associações, constatou-se maior força de associação entre hipertensão arterial e relação cintura-estatura (RP = 13,42; IC95% 12,58-14,31) e com índice de massa corporal maior que 30 kg/m 2 (RP = 6,61; IC95% 6,34-6,89) nos homens adultos. Na análise para diabetes, a relação cintura-quadril apresentou maior robustez na associação para mulheres (RP = 7,53; IC95% 6,92-8,20) e homens (RP = 9,79; IC95% 9,14-10,49). CONCLUSÃO As variáveis antropométricas são importantes preditores de risco cardiovascular; no entanto, suas avaliações devem ser feitas de forma independente, segundo sexo e grupo etário.

Accuracy of self-reported systemic arterial hypertension in adults, Rio Branco, Acre, Brazil. / Acurácia da hipertensão arterial sistêmica autorreferida em adultos de Rio Branco, Acre.

OBJECTIVE: to analyze the validity of self-reported systemic arterial hypertension (SAH) in the adult population of Rio Branco, Acre, Brazil. METHODS: this was a study of diagnostic accuracy with 576 adults aged 18 to 59 years; accuracy, sensitivity, specificity and positive and negative predictive values were calculated in order to build the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve. RESULTS: the prevalence rates of measured SAH (gold standard) and self-reported SAH were 19.6% and 16.6%, respectively; self-reported SAH showed 53.7% sensitivity and 92.4% specificity; sensitivity ranged from 29.9% in individuals under 40 years of age, to levels above 70.0% among obese individuals and those who reported having dyslipidemia; specificity varied from 70.0% in those who self-reported diabetes mellitus, to 95.3% in underweight patients; the area under the ROC hypertension analysis curve was 0.77 (95%CI 0.72;0.81). CONCLUSION: self-reported SAH in adults 40 years old and over was found to be accurate for use in studies in Rio Branco.