RESUMO
Introducción y objetivos: La cirrosis biliar primaria (CBP) se asocia a algunas enfermedades autoinmunes sistémicas (EAS), en particular a la esclerosis sistémica (ES. Determinar la prevalencia de EAS en una cohorte de pacientes con CBP, específicamente la ES y sus diferentes subtipos clínicos, y establecer el perfil clínico-biológico propio de estos pacientes. Métodos: Estudio observacional de 62 pacientes con CBP, con un protocolo que incluía una anamnesis y exploración física dirigidas a detectar una EAS, la realización de una capilaroscopia ungueal microscópica y un amplio estudio de autoinmunidad, incluido el perfil de anticuerpos específicos de ES. Se realizó un análisis comparativo entre el grupo de pacientes con CBP aislada y los pacientes con CBP y una EAS asociada. Resultados: Se asoció una EAS en 22 pacientes (35,4%), y la ES fue la entidad más frecuente (21%), del subtipo cutáneo limitado (11%). Cinco pacientes (8%) sin EAS previa cumplían criterios de preesclerodermia, según los criterios de LeRoy y Medsger. Los anticuerpos anticentrómero (54,5 vs. 5%, p < 0,001) fueron el único parámetro inmunológico identificado con mayor frecuencia en pacientes con EAS. El patrón capilar sugestivo de ES se visualizó en 11 pacientes (20,4%). No se identificaron factores asociados a mayor morbimortalidad en ningún grupo. Conclusiones: Existe un subgrupo de pacientes con CBP con características clínico-biológicas que sugieren la asociación con una EAS, con elevada probabilidad, y que recomiendan el estudio protocolizado de estos pacientes con CBP para detectar de forma precoz EAS (AU)
Background and objectives: Primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) is associated to any systemic autoimmune disease (SAD), in particular systemic sclerosis (SSc). To investigate the prevalence of SAD in a cohort of patients with PBC, specifically the prevalence of SSc and its clinical subtypes, and determining the clinical and biological profile of patients with associated PBC and SSc. Methods: Observational study of 62 patients with PBC following a protocol that included an anamnesis and physical examination to detect the presence of SAD as well as a nailfold capillaroscopy and an immunological study with specific SSc autoantibodies. A comparative analysis was conducted between patients with isolated PBC and patients with PBC and an associated SAD. Results: SAD was associated to PBC in 22 patients (35,4%), and SSc was the most frequent illness, identified in 13 cases (21%). Five patients (8%) without previous diagnosis of SAD fulfilled pre-scleroderma criteria, according to LeRoy and Medsger criteria. The presence of anticentromere antibodies (54,5% vs. 5%,P < .001) was the unique immunological determination identified more frequently in patients with PBC-SAD. The SSc suggestive capillary pattern was visualized in 11 patients (20,4%), mainly the slow pattern. No factors associated with greater morbi-mortality were identified in the PBC-SAD group. Conclusions: It does exist a subgroup of patients with PBC and clinical-biological features suggestive of an SAD, which advise a protocolized study to detect early the association to an SAD (AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Cirrose Hepática Biliar/complicações , Cirrose Hepática Biliar/epidemiologia , Doenças Autoimunes/epidemiologia , Cirrose Hepática Biliar/imunologia , Prognóstico , Ductos Biliares Extra-Hepáticos/imunologia , Ductos Biliares Extra-Hepáticos/patologia , Autoimunidade/imunologia , Síndrome de Sjogren/complicações , Artrite Reumatoide/complicações , Doenças Autoimunes/complicações , Anamnese/métodos , Escleroderma Sistêmico/complicações , Escleroderma Sistêmico/epidemiologia , Protocolos Clínicos , Dedos/microbiologia , Dedos/patologia , Dedos , Autoanticorpos , Técnica Indireta de Fluorescência para Anticorpo/métodosRESUMO
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) is associated to any systemic autoimmune disease (SAD), in particular systemic sclerosis (SSc). To investigate the prevalence of SAD in a cohort of patients with PBC, specifically the prevalence of SSc and its clinical subtypes, and determining the clinical and biological profile of patients with associated PBC and SSc. METHODS: Observational study of 62 patients with PBC following a protocol that included an anamnesis and physical examination to detect the presence of SAD as well as a nailfold capillaroscopy and an immunological study with specific SSc autoantibodies. A comparative analysis was conducted between patients with isolated PBC and patients with PBC and an associated SAD. RESULTS: SAD was associated to PBC in 22 patients (35,4%), and SSc was the most frequent illness, identified in 13 cases (21%). Five patients (8%) without previous diagnosis of SAD fulfilled pre-scleroderma criteria, according to LeRoy and Medsger criteria. The presence of anticentromere antibodies (54,5% vs. 5%, P<.001) was the unique immunological determination identified more frequently in patients with PBC-SAD. The SSc suggestive capillary pattern was visualized in 11 patients (20,4%), mainly the slow pattern. No factors associated with greater morbi-mortality were identified in the PBC-SAD group. CONCLUSIONS: It does exist a subgroup of patients with PBC and clinical-biological features suggestive of an SAD, which advise a protocolized study to detect early the association to an SAD.
