Use of spectral sensitivity variability in reflectance recovery from colorimetric information.

There have been numerous methods for accessing the reflectance spectra; some methods enable one to obtain the spectra directly, such as using a spectrophotometer, hyper-spectral camera, and so forth. Even though the accuracy by which the spectra are obtained can be very high, the high price of these methods could pose an obstacle. On the other hand, there has been an interest in estimation of the spectral reflectance from colorimetric information that is more easily attainable; the accuracy in this case might not be as high but these methods are the most cost efficient. It is aimed, in this paper, to amalgamate the low price and high accuracy of the preceding approaches through relating spectral estimation to spectral sensitivity variability. The work is split into two major parts. The first part of the paper describes spectral sensitivity variability of humans and cameras in a theoretical manner and how it can be used in spectral recovery. In the second part, an attempt is made to extend the theory to real situations. At the end, it is shown how increasing the number of disparate colorimetric data of a specific object using the proposed methods aids in estimating spectral reflectance more accurately in a manner comparable to multi-spectral cameras.

In situ synthesis and characterization of nano ZnO on wool: influence of nano photo reactor on wool properties.

This study has been carried out to synthesize nano ZnO on wool fabric and also to investigate influences of nano photo reactors on wool fabric characteristics. Zinc acetate has been used as a precursor and the synthesis process has been done in water and water/ethanol media. The treated wool fabrics were heated at 80°C for 10 h to dehydrate Zn(OH)2 obtaining ZnO. The fabric samples were then subjected to daylight for 7 days to examine the influence of nano ZnO photo reactor on the fabric properties. SEM images revealed the embedding of ZnO nanoparticles on the fabrics and X-ray diffraction verified the nanoparticles composition. The Yellowness Index (YI) of the fabrics was measured with Color Eye XTH that has been reduced with increasing pH, Zn(CH3COO)2 concentration, ethanol and heating. The lower water contact angle and time of water absorption confirmed higher hydrophilic properties of the treated fabrics. Interestingly, a higher tensile strength obtained on the wool fabrics proved the interaction of ZnO with protein chains of wool, which was verified through lower alkali solubility of treated fabric with nano ZnO and confirmed more benefits of the in situ synthesis process.