RESUMO
This cross-sectional study was conducted to determine household food security status and sociodemographic factors influencing it and to examine whether food insecurity of household is a risk factor for underweight, stunting, and thinness in primary school children of Sistan and Baluchestan Province in southeastern Iran. A sample of 610 students aged 7-11 years was selected by a multistage cluster random sampling method during December 2013-May 2014. Using U.S. Department of Agriculture Food Security questionnaire, 42.3% of households showed some degree of food insecurity. Food insecurity was positively associated with household size (p = .002) and number of children per household (p = .001) and negatively associated with mother's and father's education level (p = .005 and p = .042, respectively), father's occupation status, and household income (p < .0001). Children living in food insecure with severe hunger households were 10.13, 10.07, and 4.54 times as likely to be underweight, stunted, and thin, respectively, as counterparts from food secure households. The findings showed food insecurity was prevalent and associated with sociodemographic factors among households with schoolchildren in southeastern Iran. Nutritional status of children was also associated with food security status of their households.
Assuntos
Fenômenos Fisiológicos da Nutrição Infantil , Dieta/efeitos adversos , Abastecimento de Alimentos , Transtornos do Crescimento/etiologia , Desnutrição/etiologia , Estado Nutricional , Magreza/etiologia , Criança , Fenômenos Fisiológicos da Nutrição Infantil/etnologia , Análise por Conglomerados , Estudos Transversais , Dieta/etnologia , Dieta/psicologia , Escolaridade , Características da Família/etnologia , Feminino , Abastecimento de Alimentos/economia , Transtornos do Crescimento/epidemiologia , Transtornos do Crescimento/etnologia , Humanos , Renda , Irã (Geográfico)/epidemiologia , Masculino , Desnutrição/epidemiologia , Desnutrição/etnologia , Desnutrição/fisiopatologia , Inquéritos Nutricionais , Estado Nutricional/etnologia , Pais , Fatores de Risco , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Estudantes , Magreza/epidemiologia , Magreza/etnologiaRESUMO
A rapid, low-cost and simple technique has been developed for the determination of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) in eggs and livers using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with UV detection. In this study, the presence of AFB1 was investigated in 150 eggs and 50 chicken livers from the local market of Tabriz, Iran. AFB1 was extracted with a mixture of acetonitrile:water (80:20) and cleaned up by dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction which is a very economical, fast and sensitive method. AFB1 was quantified by HPLC-UV without need for any complex derivatisation in samples to enhance the detection. The results showed that 72% of the liver and 58% of the egg samples were contaminated with AFB1 ranging from 0.30 to 16.36 µg kg (̶1). limit of detection and limit of quantification for AFB1 were 0.08 and 0.28 µg kg (̶ 1), respectively. The proposed method is suitable for fast analysing of AFB1 in egg and liver samples.
