The interplay between lncRNAs, RNA-binding proteins and viral genome during SARS-CoV-2 infection reveals strong connections with regulatory events involved in RNA metabolism and immune response.

Viral infections are complex processes based on an intricate network of molecular interactions. The infectious agent hijacks components of the cellular machinery for its profit, circumventing the natural defense mechanisms triggered by the infected cell. The successful completion of the replicative viral cycle within a cell depends on the function of viral components versus the cellular defenses. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are important cellular modulators, either promoting or preventing the progression of viral infections. Among these ncRNAs, the long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) family is especially relevant due to their intrinsic functional properties and ubiquitous biological roles. Specific lncRNAs have been recently characterized as modulators of the cellular response during infection of human host cells by single stranded RNA viruses. However, the role of host lncRNAs in the infection by human RNA coronaviruses such as SARS-CoV-2 remains uncharacterized. In the present work, we have performed a transcriptomic study of a cohort of patients with different SARS-CoV-2 viral load. Our results revealed the existence of a SARS-CoV-2 infection-dependent pattern of transcriptional up-regulation in which specific lncRNAs are an integral component. To determine the role of these lncRNAs, we performed a functional correlation analysis complemented with the study of the validated interactions between lncRNAs and RNA-binding proteins (RBPs). This combination of in silico functional association studies and experimental evidence allowed us to identify a lncRNA signature composed of six elements - NRIR, BISPR, MIR155HG, FMR1-IT1, USP30-AS1, and U62317.2 - associated with the regulation of SARS-CoV-2 infection. We propose a competition mechanism between the viral RNA genome and the regulatory lncRNAs in the sequestering of specific RBPs that modulates the interferon response and the regulation of RNA surveillance by nonsense-mediated decay (NMD). O_FIG O_LINKSMALLFIG WIDTH=200 HEIGHT=182 SRC="FIGDIR/small/485903v1_ufig1.gif" ALT="Figure 1"> View larger version (46K): org.highwire.dtl.DTLVardef@4368c9org.highwire.dtl.DTLVardef@1948201org.highwire.dtl.DTLVardef@e31fd9org.highwire.dtl.DTLVardef@1400805_HPS_FORMAT_FIGEXP M_FIG C_FIG Graphical abstractModel of interactions among lncRNA and cognate RNA-binding proteins in SARS-CoV-2 infection. According to our model, the viral genome can establish direct interactions with three core proteins (DDX3X, UPF1 and IGF2BP2) involved in mRNA metabolism and regulation of the interferon response, which are also components of a SARS-CoV-2 lncRNA-centered regulatory network. The competition between viral RNA and lncRNAs could act as a counteracting factor for the normal function of homeostatic lncRNA-centered regulatory networks, contributing to viral progression and replication. Black arrows depict physical interactions between network components; red arrows represent functional relationships.

Perceptions of pharmaceutical services among elderly people on polymedication.

OBJECTIVES: Describe the importance of guidelines provided during pharmaceutical consultation about compliance with medication therapy based on interviews with polymedicated elderly patients. METHODS: A qualitative methodological study carried out during consultations with 40 elderly patients of both genders at the Health Care Center for Elderly Patients and Caregivers. The study used the technique of content analysis, applying a questionnaire with two open questions. RESULTS: Two categories and eight subcategories emerged after the transcription of interviews and exhaustive reading of the data. The category "Pharmaceutical consultation as an education instrument for the self-care of polymedicated elderly patients" presented the highest frequency. The subcategory with the highest frequency was "Concern of elderly patients about self-care". FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: In the case of polymedicated elderly patients, pharmaceutical consultation is an important education instrument which, through the provision of pharmaceutical guidelines, allows the minimization of concerns about pharmacotherapy, contributing to compliance and self-care.

Perceptions of pharmaceutical services among elderly people on polymedication / Impressão de idosos polimedicados sobre o serviço farmacêutico / Impresión de los ancianos polimedicados respecto del servicio farmacéutico

ABSTRACT Objectives: Describe the importance of guidelines provided during pharmaceutical consultation about compliance with medication therapy based on interviews with polymedicated elderly patients. Methods: A qualitative methodological study carried out during consultations with 40 elderly patients of both genders at the Health Care Center for Elderly Patients and Caregivers. The study used the technique of content analysis, applying a questionnaire with two open questions. Results: Two categories and eight subcategories emerged after the transcription of interviews and exhaustive reading of the data. The category "Pharmaceutical consultation as an education instrument for the self-care of polymedicated elderly patients" presented the highest frequency. The subcategory with the highest frequency was "Concern of elderly patients about self-care". Final Considerations: In the case of polymedicated elderly patients, pharmaceutical consultation is an important education instrument which, through the provision of pharmaceutical guidelines, allows the minimization of concerns about pharmacotherapy, contributing to compliance and self-care.

RESUMO Objetivos: Descrever a importância das orientações fornecidas durante a consulta farmacêutica sobre a adesão ao tratamento farmacológico com base nos depoimentos de idosos polimedicados. Métodos: Estudo metodológico, qualitativo, realizado durante consultas com 40 pacientes idosos de ambos os sexos no Centro de Atenção à Saúde para Idosos e Cuidadores. A técnica da análise de conteúdo foi utilizada, e um questionário com duas perguntas aber tas foi aplicado. Resultados: Duas categorias e oito subcategorias emergiram da transcrição das entrevistas e leitura exaustiva dos dados. A categoria "Consulta farmacêutica como um instrumento educativo para o autocuidado de idosos polimedicados" apresentou a maior frequência. A subcategoria mais frequente foi "Preocupação dos idosos com o autocuidado" Considerações finais: No caso de pacientes idosos polimedicados, a consulta farmacêutica constitui um instrumento educativo importante que, através do fornecimento de orientações farmacêuticas, permite minimizar as preocupações com relação a farmacoterapia, contribuindo com a adesão e autocuidado.

RESUMEN Objetivos: Describir la importancia de las indicaciones brindadas durante la consulta farmacéutica sobre la adhesión al tratamiento farmacológico según discursos de ancianos polimedicados. Métodos: estudio metodológico, cualitativo, realizado durante consultas con 40 pacientes ancianos de ambos sexos en el Centro de Atención de Salud de Ancianos y Cuidadores. Se utilizó análisis de contenido, con un cuestionario de dos preguntas abiertas. Resultados: Surgieron dos categorías y ocho subcategorías tras la transcripción de discursos y la lectura exhaustiva de datos. La categoría "Consulta farmacéutica como instrumento educativo para el autocuidado de ancianos polimedicados" expresó la mayor frecuencia. La subcategoría más frecuente fue "Preocupación de los ancianos por el autocuidado". Consideraciones finales: En el caso de pacientes mayores polimedicados, la consulta farmacéutica constituye un importante instrumento educativo que, a través de la provisión de indicaciones farmacéuticas, permite minimizar las preocupaciones respecto de la farmacoterapia, contribuyendo así al cumplimiento y al autocuidado.

Riscos das mídias e tecnologias na capacitação para cuidadores de idosos: estudo de caso / Risks of media and technologies in training for caregivers of elderly: a case study

Objetivou-se orientar cuidadores de idosos em um curso de capacitação no Centro de Atenção à Saúde do Idoso e seu Cuidadores, Universidade Federal Fluminense, sobre as principais carências e necessidades nutricionais requeridas pelos próprios e pelos idosos, alertando ainda sobre os riscos das tecnologias. Trata-se de um estudo de caso do estágio de docência, sobre a capacitação de cuidadores, enquanto mestrando acadêmico do Programa de Ciências do Cuidado em Saúde. A compreensão e visualização acerca da organização e planejamento das demandas cotidianas requisitadas de um profissional acadêmico em suas palestras/cursos/oficinas. Conclui-se que há necessidade de uma capacitação dos pós-graduandos nos métodos de transmissão dos conhecimentos acadêmicos, como por exemplo, a linguagem utilizada para os cuidadores, objetivando assim a compreensão de toda a turma e alertando sobre os riscos das influências tecnológicas na baixa qualidade alimentar ingerida

The aim of this study was to orient elderly caregivers in a training course at the Center for Health Care of the Elderly and its Caregivers, Federal Fluminense University, about the main needs and nutritional needs required by the elderly and the elderly, also warning about the risks of the technologies. This is a case study of the teaching stage, about the qualification of caregivers, as an academic master of the Health Care Sciences Program. Understanding and visualization about the organization and planning of the daily demands of an academic professional in their lectures/courses/workshops. It is concluded that there is a need for the training of postgraduates in the methods of transmission of academic knowledge, such as the language used for caregivers, aiming at understanding the whole class and warning about the risks of technological influences in the low food quality

Riscos das mídias e tecnologias na capacitação para cuidadores de idosos: estudo de caso / Risks of media and technologies in training for caregivers of elderly: a case study

Objetivou-se orientar cuidadores de idosos em um curso de capacitação no Centro de Atenção à Saúde do Idoso e seu Cuidadores, Universidade Federal Fluminense, sobre as principais carências e necessidades nutricionais requeridas pelos próprios e pelos idosos, alertando ainda sobre os riscos das tecnologias. Trata-se de um estudo de caso do estágio de docência, sobre a capacitação de cuidadores, enquanto mestrando acadêmico do Programa de Ciências do Cuidado em Saúde. A compreensão e visualização acerca da organização e planejamento das demandas cotidianas requisitadas de um profissional acadêmico em suas palestras/cursos/oficinas. Conclui-se que há necessidade de uma capacitação dos pós-graduandos nos métodos de transmissão dos conhecimentos acadêmicos, como por exemplo, a linguagem utilizada para os cuidadores, objetivando assim a compreensão de toda a turma e alertando sobre os riscos das influências tecnológicas na baixa qualidade alimentar ingerida

The aim of this study was to orient elderly caregivers in a training course at the Center for Health Care of the Elderly and its Caregivers, Federal Fluminense University, about the main needs and nutritional needs required by the elderly and the elderly, also warning about the risks of the technologies. This is a case study of the teaching stage, about the qualification of caregivers, as an academic master of the Health Care Sciences Program. Understanding and visualization about the organization and planning of the daily demands of an academic professional in their lectures/courses/workshops. It is concluded that there is a need for the training of postgraduates in the methods of transmission of academic knowledge, such as the language used for caregivers, aiming at understanding the whole class and warning about the risks of technological influences in the low food quality

Influências da consulta farmacêutica na adesão da farmacoterapia de idosos polimedicados / Influences of the pharmaceutical consultation for adherence of the pharmacotherapy of elderly patients with polypharmacy

O presente estudo teve como principal objetivo avaliar as influências das orientações realizadas durante a consulta farmacêutica para a adesão à farmacoterapia de idosos polimedicados, e comparar a adesão à farmacoterapia em idosos polimedicados antes e após o acompanhamento em consulta farmacêutica. Para esse fim, foi realizada uma pesquisa exploratória, longitudinal com abordagem quantitativa. Concernente à coleta de dados, foram utilizados: o formulário farmacêutico, a escala de Brief Medication Questionnaire (BMQ) e o Teste de Morisky Green (TMG). A amostra contou com quarenta idosos polimedicados atendidos em duas consultas farmacêuticas no Centro de Atenção à Saúde do Idoso e Cuidadores da Universidade Federal Fluminense (CASIC/UFF), de agosto a novembro de 2016. A análise estatística se deu pelo programa SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Science) e pelo aplicativo Microsoft Excel 2007. A pesquisa foi submetida, aprovada e registrada no Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa do Hospital Universitário Antônio Pedro, CAAE: 552575162.0000.5243. Resultados: A população do estudo foi constituída tipicamente por indivíduos do sexo feminino (80,0%), com idade média de 71,5 anos, viúvos (42,5%) ou casados (45%), com ensino fundamental incompleto (45,0%), e usavam, em média, oito medicamentos por dia. A análise de consistência interna mostrou que o instrumento BMQ somente apresentou boa consistência na primeira avaliação do Domínio Crença. Em todos os domínios do BMQ, houve aumento da adesão à farmacoterapia. Já a análise de consistência interna do TMG apresentou boa consistência. Na avaliação do instrumento TMG, foi possível perceber o aumento significativo da adesão à farmacoterapia, de 15 (37,5%) para 37 (92,5%) participantes. Conclui-se, assim, que a consulta farmacêutica foi um instrumento efetivo para melhorar a adesão à farmacoterapia dos idosos. Novas pesquisas são necessárias para uma análise mais precisa acerca dos vários fatores que determinam a adesão e um período mais amplo de acompanhamento em consulta farmacêutica para melhor avaliar o idoso nos diferentes aspectos sociais em que ele se encontra

The main objective of this study was to evaluate the influences of the guidelines made during the pharmaceutical consultation for adherence to the pharmacotherapy of elderly patients with polypharmacy and to compare the adherence to pharmacotherapy in elderly patients before and after follow - up. For that, an exploratory, longitudinal research with quantitative approach was carried out. For the collection of data were used: the Pharmaceutical Form, the Brief Medication Questionnaire (BMQ) scale and the Morisky Green Test (TMG). The sample consisted of 40 polymedicated elderly patients attending two pharmaceutical consultations at the Health Care Center of the Elderly and Caregivers of the Federal University of Fluminense (CASIC/UFF), from August to November 2016. The statistical analysis was performed by the SPSS (Statistical Package for The Social Science), and by the application Microsoft Excel 2007. The research was submitted, approved and registered in the Committee of Ethics in Research of the Hospital Universitário Antonio Pedro, CAAE: 552575162.0000.5243. RESULTS: The study population was typically female (80.0%), with a mean age of 71.5 years, widowed (42.5%) or married (45%), with incomplete elementary school (45.0%) and used on average eight medicines per day. The internal consistency analysis showed that the BMQ instrument only showed good consistency in the first evaluation of the Domain Belief. In all BMQ domains there was an increase in adherence to pharmacotherapy. The internal consistency analysis of TMG showed good consistency. In the TMG evaluation, it was possible to notice a significant increase in adherence to pharmacotherapy, from 15 (37.5%) to 37 (92.5%) participants. It was concluded that the pharmaceutical consultation was an effective instrument to improve adherence to the pharmacotherapy of the elderly. New research is needed for a more precise analysis of the various factors that determine adherence and a longer period of follow-up in pharmaceutical consultation to better evaluate the elderly in the different social aspects in which he finds himself