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1.
J Neurointerv Surg ; 2024 Jun 05.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38839283

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: We evaluated the clinical and safety outcomes of emergent carotid artery stenting (eCAS) plus endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) among patients with anterior tandem lesion (TL) and large ischemic core (LIC). METHODS: This retrospective study included consecutive stroke patients enrolled in the Endovascular Treatment in Ischemic Stroke Registry in France between January 2015 and June 2023. We compared the outcomes of carotid stenting vs no stenting in tandem lesion with pre-treatment LIC (Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score (ASPECTS) 3-5) and stenting in tandem lesion vs thrombectomy alone for isolated intracranial occlusions with pre-treatment LIC. Primary outcome was a score of 0 to 3 on the modified Rankin scale (mRS) at 90 days. Multivariable mixed-effects logistic regression was performed. RESULTS: Among 218 tandem patients with LIC, 55 were treated with eCAS plus EVT. The eCAS group had higher odds of 90-day mRS 0-3 (adjusted Odds Ratio (aOR) 2.40, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.10 to 5.21; p=0.027). There were no differences in the risk of any intracerebral hemorrhage (OR 1.41, 95% CI 0.69 to 2.86; p=0.346), parenchymal hematoma (aOR 1.216, 95% CI 0.49 to 3.02; p=0.675), symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage (aOR 1.45, 95% CI 0.60 to 3.48; p=0.409), or 90-day mortality (aOR 0.74, 95% CI 0.33 to 1.68; p=0.472). eCAS was associated with a higher rate of carotid patency at day 1 (aOR 3.54, 95% CI 1.14 to 11.01; p=0.028). Safety outcomes were similar between EVT+eCAS group in TL-LIC and EVT alone group in isolated intracranial occlusions with LIC. CONCLUSION: eCAS appears to be a safe and effective strategy in patients with TL and LIC volume.

2.
J Neurointerv Surg ; 2024 May 30.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38816202

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The effect of multiple attempts on the outcome of endovascular treatment (EVT) of anterior circulation large ischemic core (LIC) stroke has not been fully explored. METHODS: We analyzed data from the Endovascular Treatment in Ischemic Stroke (ETIS) registry, a prospective, observational, multicenter study of acute ischemic stroke patients treated with EVT at 21 centers in France between January 1, 2015 and June 31, 2023. We included patients with proximal intracranial occlusion and LIC defined as Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score (ASPECTS) of 0-5 up to 24 hours after last being seen well. We divided patients according to the number of passes with successful reperfusion (modified Thrombolysis In Cerebral Infarction (mTICI) ≥2b) into seven groups, according to the corresponding number of passes. We compared them to the group of patients with unsuccessful reperfusion. RESULTS: A total of 1235 patients with LIC constituted the study cohort. The rate of a modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score of 0 to 3 at 90 days was significantly higher for the one-pass successful recanalization category compared to no recanalization (48.1% vs 17.2%; adjusted OR (aOR) 7.99, 95% CI 4.30 to 14.8, P<0.001) and remained so even after six or more attempts (27.7% vs 17.2%; aOR 3.59, 95% CI 1.37 to 9.39, P=0.009). The rate of symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage was lower for successful recanalization up to two passes (11.1% vs 18.8%; aOR 0.36, 95% CI 0.18 to 0.69, P=0.002) without any significant differences for a higher number of passes. CONCLUSION: In anterior circulation LIC patients, successful reperfusion, even after six passes, is associated with favorable clinical outcomes with no increased hemorrhagic risk when compared to unsuccessful reperfusion.

3.
Ann Neurol ; 95(5): 858-865, 2024 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38481016

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: There are limited data evaluating the optimum blood pressure (BP) goal post mechanical thrombectomy (MT) and its effect on outcomes of patients with large vessel occlusions (LVO). The objective of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of intensive versus conventional BP control after reperfusion with MT via a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs). METHODS: We searched PubMed and Embase to obtain articles related to BP control post MT through September 2023. The primary outcome was functional independence (modified Rankin Scale [mRS] 0-2) at 3 months, while secondary outcomes included excellent outcome (mRS 0-1), symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH), and mortality. RESULTS: Four RCTs with 1,566 patients (762 randomized into intensive BP control vs. 806 randomized into conventional BP control) were included. Analysis showed that there was a lower likelihood of functional independence (mRS 0-2: odds ratio [OR]: 0.68, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.51-0.91, p = 0.009) in the more intensive treatment group compared with the conventional treatment group. There was no statistically significant difference in achieving excellent outcome (mRS0-1: OR: 0.82, 95% CI: 0.63-1.07; p = 0.15), risk of sICH or mortality. INTERPRETATION: This systematic review and meta- analysis Indicates that in patients who achieved successful MT for acute ischemic stroke with LVO, intensive BP control was associated with a lower likelihood of functional independence at 3 months without significant difference in likelihood of achieving excellent outcome, sICH risk, or mortality. ANN NEUROL 2024;95:858-865.


Assuntos
Pressão Sanguínea , Procedimentos Endovasculares , Ensaios Clínicos Controlados Aleatórios como Assunto , Humanos , Pressão Sanguínea/fisiologia , Procedimentos Endovasculares/métodos , AVC Isquêmico/terapia , AVC Isquêmico/cirurgia , Ensaios Clínicos Controlados Aleatórios como Assunto/métodos , Trombectomia/métodos , Resultado do Tratamento
4.
Hypertension ; 81(3): 629-635, 2024 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38164751

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Data on systolic blood pressure (SBP) trajectories in the first 24 hours after endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) in acute ischemic stroke are limited. We sought to identify these trajectories and their relationship to outcomes. METHODS: We combined individual-level data from 5 studies of patients with acute ischemic stroke who underwent EVT and had individual blood pressure values after the end of the procedure. We used group-based trajectory analysis to identify the number and shape of SBP trajectories post-EVT. We used mixed effects regression models to identify associations between trajectory groups and outcomes adjusting for potential confounders and reported the respective adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and common odds ratios. RESULTS: There were 2640 total patients with acute ischemic stroke included in the analysis. The most parsimonious model identified 4 distinct SBP trajectories, that is, general directional patterns after repeated SBP measurements: high, moderate-high, moderate, and low. Patients in the higher blood pressure trajectory groups were older, had a higher prevalence of vascular risk factors, presented with more severe stroke syndromes, and were less likely to achieve successful recanalization after the EVT. In the adjusted analyses, only patients in the high-SBP trajectory were found to have significantly higher odds of early neurological deterioration (aOR, 1.84 [95% CI, 1.20-2.82]), intracranial hemorrhage (aOR, 1.84 [95% CI, 1.31-2.59]), mortality (aOR, 1.75 [95% CI, 1.21-2.53), death or disability (aOR, 1.63 [95% CI, 1.15-2.31]), and worse functional outcomes (adjusted common odds ratio,1.92 [95% CI, 1.47-2.50]). CONCLUSIONS: Patients follow distinct SBP trajectories in the first 24 hours after an EVT. Persistently elevated SBP after the procedure is associated with unfavorable short-term and long-term outcomes.


Assuntos
Isquemia Encefálica , Procedimentos Endovasculares , AVC Isquêmico , Acidente Vascular Cerebral , Humanos , Pressão Sanguínea/fisiologia , AVC Isquêmico/diagnóstico , AVC Isquêmico/epidemiologia , AVC Isquêmico/cirurgia , Isquemia Encefálica/diagnóstico , Isquemia Encefálica/cirurgia , Isquemia Encefálica/etiologia , Fatores de Tempo , Resultado do Tratamento , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/diagnóstico , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/epidemiologia , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/cirurgia , Trombectomia/efeitos adversos , Procedimentos Endovasculares/efeitos adversos
5.
Eur Stroke J ; 9(1): 88-96, 2024 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37921233

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Data on the association between blood pressure variability (BPV) after endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) for acute ischemic stroke (AIS) and outcomes are limited. We sought to identify whether BPV within the first 24 hours post EVT was associated with key stroke outcomes. METHODS: We combined individual patient-data from five studies among AIS-patients who underwent EVT, that provided individual BP measurements after the end of the procedure. BPV was estimated as either systolic-BP (SBP) standard deviation (SD) or coefficient of variation (CV) over 24 h post-EVT. We used a logistic mixed-effects model to estimate the association [expressed as adjusted odds ratios (aOR)] between tertiles of BPV and outcomes of 90-day mortality, 90-day death or disability [modified Rankin Scale-score (mRS) > 2], 90-day functional impairment (⩾1-point increase across all mRS-scores), and symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH), adjusting for age, sex, stroke severity, co-morbidities, pretreatment with intravenous thrombolysis, successful recanalization, and mean SBP and diastolic-BP levels within the first 24 hours post EVT. RESULTS: There were 2640 AIS-patients included in the analysis. The highest tertile of SBP-SD was associated with higher 90-day mortality (aOR:1.44;95% CI:1.08-1.92), 90-day death or disability (aOR:1.49;95% CI:1.18-1.89), and 90-day functional impairment (adjusted common OR:1.42;95% CI:1.18-1.72), but not with sICH (aOR:1.22;95% CI:0.76-1.98). Similarly, the highest tertile of SBP-CV was associated with higher 90-day mortality (aOR:1.33;95% CI:1.01-1.74), 90-day death or disability (aOR:1.50;95% CI:1.19-1.89), and 90-day functional impairment (adjusted common OR:1.38;95% CI:1.15-1.65), but not with sICH (aOR:1.33;95% CI:0.83-2.14). CONCLUSIONS: BPV after EVT appears to be associated with higher mortality and disability, independently of mean BP levels within the first 24 h post EVT. BPV in the first 24 h may be a novel target to improve outcomes after EVT for AIS.


Assuntos
Isquemia Encefálica , AVC Isquêmico , Acidente Vascular Cerebral , Humanos , AVC Isquêmico/cirurgia , Pressão Sanguínea/fisiologia , Isquemia Encefálica/cirurgia , Resultado do Tratamento , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/cirurgia , Trombectomia/efeitos adversos , Hemorragias Intracranianas
6.
J Neurointerv Surg ; 2023 Nov 24.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38041671

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Recent clinical trials have demonstrated that patients with large vessel occlusion (LVO) and large infarction core may still benefit from mechanical thrombectomy (MT). In this study, we evaluate outcomes of MT in LVO patients presenting with extremely large infarction core Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score (ASPECTS 0-2). METHODS: Data from the Stroke Thrombectomy and Aneurysm Registry (STAR) was interrogated. We identified thrombectomy patients presenting with an occlusion in the intracranial internal carotid artery (ICA) or M1 segment of the middle cerebral artery and extremely large infarction core (ASPECTS 0-2). A favorable outcome was defined by achieving a modified Rankin scale of 0-3 at 90 days post-MT. Successful recanalization was defined by achieving a modified Thrombolysis In Cerebral Ischemia (mTICI) score ≥2B. RESULTS: We identified 58 patients who presented with ASPECTS 0-2 and underwent MT . Median age was 70.0 (59.0-78.0) years, 45.1% were females, and 202 (36.3%) patients received intravenous tissue plasminogen activator. There was no difference regarding the location of the occlusion (p=0.57). Aspiration thrombectomy was performed in 268 (54.6%) patients and stent retriever was used in 70 (14.3%) patients. In patients presenting with ASPECTS 0-2 the mortality rate was 4.5%, 27.9% had mRS 0-3 at day 90, 66.67% ≥70 years of age had mRS of 5-6 at day 90. On multivariable analysis, age, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale on admission, and successful recanalization (mTICI ≥2B) were independently associated with favorable outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: This multicentered, retrospective cohort study suggests that MT may be beneficial in a select group of patients with ASPECTS 0-2.

7.
Interv Neuroradiol ; : 15910199231196953, 2023 Sep 06.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37671452

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The Alberta Stroke Program Early CT scan Score (ASPECTS) is a reliable imaging biomarker of infarct extent on admission but the value of 24-hour ASPECTS evolution in day-to-day practice is not well studied, especially after successful reperfusion. We aimed to assess the association between ASPECTS evolution after successful reperfusion with functional and safety outcomes, as well as to identify the predictors of ASPECTS evolution. METHODS: We used data from an ongoing prospective multicenter registry. Stroke patients with anterior circulation large vessel occlusion treated with endovascular therapy (EVT) and achieved successful reperfusion (modified thrombolysis in cerebral ischemia (mTICI) 2b-3) were included. ASPECTS evolution was defined as one or more point decrease in ASPECTS at 24 hours. RESULTS: A total of 2366 patients were enrolled. In a fully adjusted model, ASPECTS evolution was associated with lower odds of favorable outcome (modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score 0-2) at 90 days (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 0.46; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.37-0.57). In addition, ASPECTS evolution was a predictor of excellent outcome (90-day mRS 0-1) (aOR = 0.52; 95% CI = 0.49-0.57), early neurological improvement (aOR = 0.42; 95% CI = 0.35-0.51), and parenchymal hemorrhage (aOR = 2.64; 95% CI, 2.03-3.44). Stroke severity, admission ASPECTS, total number of passes, complete reperfusion (mTICI 3 vs. mTICI 2b-2c) and good collaterals emerged as predictors of ASPECTS evolution. CONCLUSION: ASPECTS evolution is a strong predictor of functional and safety outcomes after successful endovascular therapy. Higher number of EVT attempts and incomplete reperfusion are associated with ASPECTS evolution at day 1.

8.
Neurology ; 101(11): e1145-e1157, 2023 09 12.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37487742

RESUMO

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: It is unclear whether blood pressure variability's (BPV) association with worse outcomes is unique to patients with stroke or a risk factor among all critically ill patients. We (1) determined whether BPV differed between patients with stroke and nonstroke patients, (2) examined BPV's associations with in-hospital death and favorable discharge destination in patients with stroke and nonstroke patients, and (3) assessed how minimum mean arterial pressure (MAP)-a correlate of illness severity and cerebral perfusion-affects these associations. METHODS: This is a retrospective analysis of adult intensive care unit patients hospitalized between 2001 and 2012 from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care III database. Confounder-adjusted logistic regressions determined associations between BPV, measured as SD and average real variability (ARV), and (1) in-hospital death and (2) favorable discharge, with testing of minimum MAP for effect modification. RESULTS: BPV was higher in patients with stroke (N = 2,248) compared with nonstroke patients (N = 9,085) (SD mean difference 2.3, 95% CI 2.1-2.6, p < 0.01). After adjusting for minimum tertile of MAP and other confounders, higher SD remained significantly associated (p < 0.05) with higher odds of in-hospital death for patients with acute ischemic strokes (AISs, odds ratio [OR] 2.7, 95% CI 1.5-4.8), intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH, OR 2.6, 95% CI 1.6-4.3), subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH, OR 3.4, 95% CI 1.2-9.3), and pneumonia (OR 1.9, 95% CI 1.1-3.3) and lower odds of favorable discharge destination in patients with ischemic stroke (OR 0.3, 95% CI 0.2-0.6) and ICH (OR 0.4, 95% CI 0.3-0.6). No interaction was found between minimum MAP tertile with SD (p > 0.05). Higher ARV was not significantly associated with increased risk of death in any condition when adjusting for illness severity but portended worse discharge destination in those with AIS (OR favorable discharge 0.4, 95% CI 0.3-0.7), ICH (OR favorable discharge 0.5, 95% CI 0.3-0.7), sepsis (OR favorable discharge 0.8, 95% CI 0.6-1.0), and pneumonia (OR favorable discharge 0.5, 95% CI 0.4-0.8). DISCUSSION: BPV is higher and generally associated with worse outcomes among patients with stroke compared with nonstroke patients. BPV in patients with AIS and patients with ICH may be a marker of central autonomic network injury, although clinician-driven blood pressure goals likely contribute to the association between BPV and outcomes.


Assuntos
Alta do Paciente , Acidente Vascular Cerebral , Adulto , Humanos , Pressão Sanguínea , Estudos Retrospectivos , Mortalidade Hospitalar , Estado Terminal , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/terapia
9.
Interv Neuroradiol ; : 15910199231175375, 2023 May 25.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37229632

RESUMO

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Acute carotid artery stenting (CAS) for ischemic stroke patients with anterior circulation tandem occlusion requires periprocedural antiplatelet therapy to prevent stent thrombosis. However, due to the lack of randomized trials and inconsistent published results, there is no reliable information regarding the safety of additional antiplatelet treatment. Therefore, we compared the safety and functional outcomes of patients treated with acute CAS plus Aspirin during tandem occlusions thrombectomy with isolated intracranial occlusions patients treated with thrombectomy alone. METHODS: Two prospectively acquired mechanical databases from August 2017 to December 2021 were reviewed. Patients were included if they had carotid atherosclerotic tandem occlusions treated with acute CAS and Aspirin (intravenous bolus 250 mg) during thrombectomy. Any antiplatelet agent was added after thrombectomy and before the 24-h control imaging. This group was compared with a matched group of isolated intracranial occlusions treated with thrombectomy alone. RESULTS: A total of 1557 patients were included and 70 (4.5%) had an atherosclerotic tandem occlusion treated with acute CAS plus Aspirin during thrombectomy. In exact coarse matched weight adjusted analysis, the rate of symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage was similar in both groups (OR, 3.06; 95% CI, 0.66-14.04; P = 0.150), parenchymal hematoma type 2 (OR, 1.15; 95% CI, 0.24-5.39; P = 0.856), any intracerebral hemorrhage (OR, 1.84; 95% CI, 0.75-4.53; P = 0.182), and 90-day mortality (OR, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.24-2.60; P = 0.708). Rates of early neurological improvement and 90-day modified Rankin Scale score 0-2 were comparable. CONCLUSIONS: Acute CAS plus Aspirin during thrombectomy for tandem occlusion stroke appears safe. Randomized trials are warranted to confirm these findings.

10.
Neurology ; 101(5): e464-e474, 2023 08 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37258298

RESUMO

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: In 2017, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) issued an alert that, after decades of consistent decline, the stroke death rate levelled off in 2013, particularly in younger individuals and without clear origin. The objective of this analysis was to understand whether social determinants of health have influenced trends in stroke mortality. METHODS: We performed a longitudinal analysis of county-level ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke death rate per 100,000 adults from 1999 to 2018 using a Bayesian spatiotemporally smoothed CDC dataset stratified by age (35-64 years [younger] and 65 years or older [older]) and then by county-level social determinants of health. We reported stroke death rate by county and the percentage change in stroke death rate during 2014-2018 compared with that during 2009-2013. RESULTS: We included data from 3,082 counties for younger individuals and 3,019 counties for older individuals. The stroke death rate began to increase for younger individuals in 2013 (p < 0.001), and the slope of the decrease in stroke death rate tapered for older individuals (p < 0.001). During the 20-year period of our study, counties with a high social deprivation index and ≥10% Black residents consistently had the highest rates of stroke death in both age groups. Comparing stroke death rate during 2014-2018 with that during 2009-2013, larger increases in younger individuals' stroke death rate were seen in counties with ≥90% (vs <90%) non-Hispanic White individuals (3.2% mean death rate change vs 1.7%, p < 0.001), rural (vs urban) populations (2.6% vs 2.0%, p = 0.019), low (vs high) proportion of medical insurance coverage (2.9% vs 1.9%, p = 0.002), and high (vs low) substance abuse and suicide mortality (2.8 vs 1.9%, p = 0.008; 3.3% vs 1.5%, p < 0.001). In contrast to the younger individuals, in older individuals, the associations with increased death rates were with more traditional social determinants of health such as the social deprivation index, urban location, unemployment rate, and proportion of Black race and Hispanic ethnicity residents. DISCUSSION: Improvements in the stroke death rate in the United States are slowing and even reversing in younger individuals and many US counties. County-level increases in stroke death rate were associated with distinct social determinants of health for younger vs older individuals. These findings may inform targeted public health strategies.


Assuntos
Etnicidade , Acidente Vascular Cerebral , Adulto , Humanos , Estados Unidos/epidemiologia , Idoso , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Teorema de Bayes , Classe Social , Geografia
11.
Stroke ; 54(4): 921-927, 2023 04.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36876480

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Cigarette smoking is a known risk factor for cardiovascular disease, including ischemic stroke. The literature regarding the rate of persistent smoking after acute ischemic stroke and its effect on subsequent cardiovascular events is scarce. With this study, we aimed to report the rate of persistent smoking after ischemic stroke and the association between smoking status and major cardiovascular outcomes. METHODS: This is a post-hoc analysis of the SPS3 trial (Secondary Prevention of Small Subcortical Strokes). Patients were divided into 4 groups based on smoking status at trial enrollment: (1) never smokers, (2) former smokers, (3) smokers who quit at 3 months, and (4) persistent smokers. The primary outcome is a major adverse cardiovascular events composite of stroke (ischemic and hemorrhagic), myocardial infarction, and mortality. Outcomes were adjudicated after month 3 of enrollment until an outcome event or the end of study follow-up. RESULTS: A total of 2874 patients were included in the study. Of the total cohort, 570 patients (20%) were smokers at enrollment, of whom 408 (71.5%) patients continued to smoke and 162 (28.4%) quit smoking by 3 months. The major adverse cardiovascular events outcome occurred in 18.4%, 12.4%, 16.2%, and 14.4%, respectively, in persistent smokers, smokers who quit, prior smokers, and never smokers. In a model adjusted for age, sex, race, ethnicity, education, employment status, history of hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, myocardial infarction, and intensive blood pressure randomization arm, the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events, and death were higher in the persistent smokers compared with never smokers (HR for major adverse cardiovascular events: 1.56 [95% CI, 1.16-2.09]; HR for death: 2.0 [95% CI, 2.18-3.12]). The risk of stroke, and MI did not differ according to smoking status Conclusions: Compared with never smoking, persistent smoking after acute ischemic stroke was associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events and death. REGISTRATION: URL: https://www. CLINICALTRIALS: gov; Unique identifier: NCT00059306.


Assuntos
AVC Isquêmico , Infarto do Miocárdio , Acidente Vascular Cerebral , Humanos , Hemorragia/complicações , AVC Isquêmico/complicações , Infarto do Miocárdio/complicações , Fatores de Risco , Fumar/efeitos adversos , Fumar/epidemiologia , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/etiologia , Resultado do Tratamento
12.
Stroke ; 54(6): 1695-1705, 2023 06.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36938708

RESUMO

Large vessel occlusion stroke due to underlying intracranial atherosclerotic disease (ICAD-LVO) is prevalent in 10 to 30% of LVOs depending on patient factors such as vascular risk factors, race and ethnicity, and age. Patients with ICAD-LVO derive similar functional outcome benefit from endovascular thrombectomy as other mechanisms of LVO, but up to half of ICAD-LVO patients reocclude after revascularization. Therefore, early identification and treatment planning for ICAD-LVO are important given the unique considerations before, during, and after endovascular thrombectomy. In this review of ICAD-LVO, we propose a multistep approach to ICAD-LVO identification, pretreatment and endovascular thrombectomy considerations, adjunctive medications, and medical management. There have been no large-scale randomized controlled trials dedicated to studying ICAD-LVO, therefore this review focuses on observational studies.


Assuntos
Isquemia Encefálica , Procedimentos Endovasculares , Arteriosclerose Intracraniana , Acidente Vascular Cerebral , Humanos , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/diagnóstico por imagem , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/etiologia , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/cirurgia , Trombectomia , Arteriosclerose Intracraniana/complicações , Arteriosclerose Intracraniana/diagnóstico por imagem , Arteriosclerose Intracraniana/cirurgia , Resultado do Tratamento , Estudos Retrospectivos
13.
J Neurointerv Surg ; 15(e3): e414-e418, 2023 Dec 21.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36990690

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The safety and efficacy of bridging therapy with intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) and mechanical thrombectomy (MT) in patients with large core infarct has not been sufficiently studied. In this study, we compared the efficacy and safety outcomes between patients who received IVT+MT and those treated with MT alone. METHODS: This is a retrospective analysis of the Stroke Thrombectomy Aneurysm Registry (STAR). Patients with Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score (ASPECTS) ≤5 treated with MT were included in this study. Patients were divided into two groups based on pre-treatment IVT (IVT, no IVT). Propensity score matched analysis were used to compare outcomes between groups. RESULTS: A total of 398 patients were included; 113 pairs were generated using propensity score matching analyses. Baseline characteristics were well balanced in the matched cohort. The rate of any intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) was similar between groups in both the full cohort (41.4% vs 42.3%, P=0.85) and matched cohort (38.55% vs 42.1%, P=0.593). Similarly, the rate of significant ICH was similar between the groups (full cohort: 13.1% vs 16.9%, P=0.306; matched cohort: 15.6% vs 18.95, P=0.52). There was no difference in favorable outcome (90-day modified Rankin Scale 0-2) or successful reperfusion between groups. In an adjusted analysis, IVT was not associated with any of the outcomes. CONCLUSION: Pretreatment IVT was not associated with an increased risk of hemorrhage in patients with large core infarct treated with MT. Future studies are needed to assess the safety and efficacy of bridging therapy in patients with large core infarct.


Assuntos
Isquemia Encefálica , Procedimentos Endovasculares , Trombólise Mecânica , Acidente Vascular Cerebral , Humanos , Terapia Trombolítica/efeitos adversos , Trombólise Mecânica/efeitos adversos , Isquemia Encefálica/terapia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Resultado do Tratamento , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/diagnóstico por imagem , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/tratamento farmacológico , Trombectomia , Hemorragia Cerebral/etiologia , Procedimentos Endovasculares/efeitos adversos , Fibrinolíticos/efeitos adversos
14.
Cardiovasc Revasc Med ; 53S: S250-S252, 2023 08.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36754772

RESUMO

We report a case of middle age man presented a subacute balloon-mounted stent occlusion placed for M1 segment occlusion stroke due to intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis after thrombectomy failure and treated with a second balloon-mounted stent within the first one. Successful recanalization and complete clinical recovery were achieved. The coronary balloon-mounted stent is s a useful tool as a rescue treatment in case of intracranial stent occlusion.


Assuntos
Acidente Vascular Cerebral , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Humanos , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/terapia , Resultado do Tratamento , Estudos Retrospectivos , Trombectomia , Stents
15.
J Neurosurg Case Lessons ; 5(3)2023 Jan 16.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36647251

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Spinal arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are the most challenging spinal vascular malformations. Endovascular transarterial embolization of spinal AVM has been well described. However, transvenous embolization has not been previously reported. In this case report, the authors describe transvenous embolization of a recurrent intramedullary/conus spinal AVM that was previously deemed unamenable to endovascular therapy. OBSERVATIONS: A 30-year-old female presented with debilitating lumbar back pain and was found to have an intramedullary spinal AVM at the level of the conus medullaris. Initially, the AVM was treated with endovascular arterial embolization and subsequently with microsurgical resection. However, on follow-up angiography, the AVM had recurred. Further arterial embolization was deemed not possible because of anatomical challenges. After careful consideration, endovascular transvenous embolization was performed with successful occlusion of the AVM nidus. LESSONS: Transvenous embolization is an alternative route for endovascular treatment of spinal AVMs that have an accessible single draining vein.

16.
J Neurointerv Surg ; 15(1): 14-19, 2023 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35115393

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: It is unknown whether collateral status modifies the effect of pretreatment intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) on the outcomes of patients with large vessel occlusions treated with endovascular therapy (EVT). We aimed to assess whether collateral status modifies the effect of IVT on the outcomes of EVT in clinical practice. METHODS: We used data from the ongoing prospective multicentric Endovascular Treatment in Ischemic Stroke (ETIS) Registry in France. Patients with anterior circulation proximal large vessel occlusions treated with EVT within 6 hours of symptom onset were enrolled. Patients were divided into two groups based on pretreatment with IVT. The two groups were matched based on baseline characteristics. We tested the interaction between collateral status and IVT in unadjusted and adjusted models. RESULTS: A total of 1589 patients were enrolled in the study, of whom 55% received IVT. Using a propensity score matching method, 724 no IVT patients were matched to 549 IVT patients. In propensity score weighted analysis, IVT was associated with higher odds of early neurological improvement (OR 1.74; 95% CI 1.33 to 2.26), favorable functional outcome (OR 1.66; 95% CI 1.23 to 2.24), excellent functional outcome (OR 2.04; 95% CI 1.47 to 2.83), and successful reperfusion (OR 2.18; 95% CI 1.51 to 3.16). IVT was not associated with mortality or hemorrhagic complications. There was no interaction between collateral status and IVT association with any of the outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: Collateral status does not modify the effect of pretreatment IVT on the efficacy and safety outcomes of EVT.


Assuntos
Isquemia Encefálica , Procedimentos Endovasculares , AVC Isquêmico , Acidente Vascular Cerebral , Humanos , Terapia Trombolítica/métodos , Isquemia Encefálica/diagnóstico , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/tratamento farmacológico , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/diagnóstico , Estudos Prospectivos , Procedimentos Endovasculares/métodos , Resultado do Tratamento , Trombectomia/efeitos adversos , Sistema de Registros , AVC Isquêmico/etiologia , Fibrinolíticos
17.
J Neurointerv Surg ; 15(e1): e142-e147, 2023 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36220337

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The Safety and Efficacy of Intensive Blood Pressure Lowering after Successful Endovascular Therapy in Acute Ischaemic Stroke (BP TARGET) trial demonstrated no benefit from intensive systolic blood pressure (SBP) treatment after successful reperfusion with endovascular therapy. However, it remains unknown if the response to blood pressure treatment is modified by other factors. OBJECTIVE: To carry out a post hoc analysis of the BP TARGET trial data to determine if the response to blood pressure treatment is modified by factors such as age, history of hypertension, recanalization status, location of occlusion, diabetes, hyperglycemia, or pretreatment with intravenous thrombolysis. METHODS: This is a post hoc analysis of the BP TARGET trial. Patients were divided into groups based on age, diabetes, blood glucose, site of occlusion, history of hypertension, and pretreatment with intravenous thrombolysis. The primary outcome was any intraparenchymal hemorrhage. RESULTS: 318 patients were included. Diabetes modified the treatment effect on favorable functional outcome (Pheteogenity=0.041). There was a trend towards benefit from intensive SBP treatment in diabetic patients (OR=2.81; 95% CI 0.88 to 8.88; p=0.08) but not in non-diabetic patients (OR=0.75; 95% 0.45 to 126; p 0.28). Age, location of occlusion, admission SBP, pretreatment with intravenous thrombolysis, and history of hypertension did not modify the effect of intensive SBP treatment on any of the outcomes. CONCLUSION: The effect of SBP lowering treatment was not modified by age, location of occlusion history of hypertension, intravenous thrombolysis, and admission SBP. Diabetes modified the effect of intensive SBP lowering treatment, and there was a trend towards benefit from intensive SBP treatment in diabetic patients. This finding is hypothesis generating and requires further validation.


Assuntos
Isquemia Encefálica , Procedimentos Endovasculares , Hipertensão , Acidente Vascular Cerebral , Humanos , Pressão Sanguínea/fisiologia , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/tratamento farmacológico , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/etiologia , Isquemia Encefálica/tratamento farmacológico , Isquemia Encefálica/etiologia , Resultado do Tratamento , Hipertensão/etiologia , Procedimentos Endovasculares/efeitos adversos
18.
Eur Stroke J ; 7(4): 365-375, 2022 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36478756

RESUMO

Introduction: Observational studies have found an increased risk of hemorrhagic transformation and worse functional outcomes in patients with higher systolic blood pressure variability (BPV). However, the time-varying behavior of BPV after endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) and its effects on functional outcome have not been well characterized. Patients and methods: We analyzed data from an international cohort of patients with large-vessel occlusion stroke who underwent EVT at 11 centers across North America, Europe, and Asia. Repeated time-stamped blood pressure data were recorded for the first 72 h after thrombectomy. Parameters of BPV were calculated in 12-h epochs using five established methodologies. Systolic BPV trajectories were generated using group-based trajectory modeling, which separates heterogeneous longitudinal data into groups with similar patterns. Results: Of the 2041 patients (age 69 ± 14, 51.4% male, NIHSS 15 ± 7, mean number of BP measurements 50 ± 28) included in our analysis, 1293 (63.4%) had a poor 90-day outcome (mRS ⩾ 3) or a poor discharge outcome (mRS ⩾ 3). We identified three distinct SBP trajectories: low (25%), moderate (64%), and high (11%). Compared to patients with low BPV, those in the highest trajectory group had a significantly greater risk of a poor functional outcome after adjusting for relevant confounders (OR 2.2; 95% CI 1.2-3.9; p = 0.008). In addition, patients with poor outcomes had significantly higher systolic BPV during the epochs that define the first 24 h after EVT (p < 0.001). Discussion and conclusions: Acute ischemic stroke patients demonstrate three unique systolic BPV trajectories that differ in their association with functional outcome. Further research is needed to rapidly identify individuals with high-risk BPV trajectories and to develop treatment strategies for targeting high BPV.

20.
Stroke ; 53(3): 719-727, 2022 03.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35109685

RESUMO

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: To assess the association between systolic blood pressure change (ΔSBP) at different time intervals after successful reperfusion with radiographic and clinical outcomes. METHODS: This is a post hoc analysis of the BP-TARGET multicenter trial (Blood Pressure Target in Acute Stroke to Reduce Hemorrhage After Endovascular Therapy). ΔSBP was defined as end of procedure SBP minus mean SBP at different time intervals (15-60 minutes, 1-6 hours, and 6-24 hours postprocedure). The primary outcome was the poor functional outcome (90-day modified Rankin Scale score 3-6). RESULTS: We included a total of 267 patients (130 in the intensive treatment group). Compared with patients with favorable outcome, patients with poor outcome had lower ΔSBP (less SBP reduction) at all times intervals. After adjusting for potential confounders including baseline SBP, both ΔSBP15-60M and ΔSBP6-24H were associated with lower odds of poor outcome (adjusted odds ratio per 5 mm Hg SBP reduction, 0.89 [95% CI, 0.81-0.99], and adjusted odds ratio 0.82 [95% CI, 0.73-0.92], respectively). Concerning safety outcomes, patients with intraparenchymal hemorrhage had lower ΔSBP at all time intervals. ΔSBP15-60M was associated with lower odds of any intraparenchymal hemorrhage (adjusted odds ratio per 5 mm Hg SBP reduction 0.91 [95% CI, 0.83-0.99]). Conversely, ΔSBP was not associated with mortality or neurological deterioration at any time interval. CONCLUSIONS: After successful reperfusion, ΔSBP had a linear relationship with poor outcome and the risk of poor outcome was higher with less reduction from the baseline SBP. Registration: URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov; Unique identifier: NCT03160677.


Assuntos
Pressão Sanguínea , Hemorragia Cerebral , Procedimentos Endovasculares , Acidente Vascular Cerebral , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Hemorragia Cerebral/genética , Hemorragia Cerebral/fisiopatologia , Hemorragia Cerebral/prevenção & controle , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Reperfusão , Fatores de Risco , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/complicações , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/fisiopatologia , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/terapia
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