[The history of sanitary epidemiological service of the Primorskiy Krai].

The article presents the history of development of sanitary business and state sanitary epidemiological service of the Primorskiy Krai related to general history of Russia in XIX-XX centuries. The study established input of physicians of Vladivostok into implementation of sanitary activities during first decades from city foundation: opening of the Pasteur station, struggle with epidemics of very dangerous infectious diseases, functioning of sanitary executive commission. The activities concerning support of sanitary epidemiological well-being of population during the Civil War in the Far East, years of socialism development and in post-Soviet period are considered.

[Hygienic aspects of the occurrence of ecology-dependent diseases in children and adolescents of the Primorsky Krai].

With the use of the methodology of the system approach there were obtained results of the evaluation of the occurrence of ecology-dependent diseases in children and adolescents in bioclimatic zones of the Primorsky Krai. Analysis of the prevalence of the main classes of ecologically dependent diseases according to the appealability (diseases of the respiratory system, diseases of digestive organs, diseases of blood and blood-forming organs, diseases of the circulatory system, diseases of the skin and subcutaneous tissue, diseases of the genitourinary system, neoplasms, congenital anomalies, infectious diseases) was performed with the use of official statistical report forms No. 12 (ICD-10) over the period of2000-2014. Informational Database of parameters of the environment was represented by the factor modules: 6 - sanitary, and 5-environmental ones). By means of the method of the regression analysis there was established the relationship between environmental factors and the prevalence of ecological-dependent diseases, there were calculated values of the factor loads influencing on the indices of the morbidity rate in children and adolescents. The analysis of morbidity according to classes showed that during the study period, in the total there was a gain in the indicator ecologically dependent morbidity rate in children by 33.3%, in adolescents - by 35.3%. In the children and adolescent population there are prevalent diseases of the respiratory system - 67.3% and 52.45%, respectively; further in children and adolescent groups diseases of the digestive system - 9.45% and 17.08% take place; then in the children cohort are infectious diseases, and in adolescents - diseases of the genitourinary system. The level of ecologically dependent morbidity rate is determined by the complex impact of environmental and hygienic factors, with a predominance of sanitary-hygienic component and related with it parameters of the environment of habitation, such as chemical pollution of urban areas (soil, air, water sources), nevertheless biotropic factors (temperature, humidity, fog, number of days with biologically active solar radiation) make a significant contribution. The revealed various degree of the response of children and adolescents through the prevalence rate level to the exposure of ecological and hygienic factors of environment should be taken into account in the development and carrying out medical-preventive measures.

Effects of whole-body vibration on prostate morphology.

The peculiarities of the prostate remodeling caused by long-term whole-body vibration were investigated. Vibrational prostatopathy was characterized by more incident and pronounced decrease in prostate size, blurred contours, and appearance of sites with changed density (fibrosis, calcification, cysts) in central and peripheral zones of the gland. Vibrogenic prostate remodeling is determined by marked reduction of microvessel and prostatic glands, particularly in the central (periurethral) part, smooth muscle cell hyperplasia and hypertrophy, and marked fibrosis of the stroma in the absence of inflammatory cellular infiltration. Morphological data describing reduction of microvessels in the prostate caused by whole-body vibration correlate with Doppler scanning data indicating reduced perfusion of the organ.

Genetic analysis of DNA excreted in urine: a new approach for detecting specific genomic DNA sequences from cells dying in an organism.

BACKGROUND: Cell-free DNA from dying cells recently has been discovered in human blood plasma. In experiments performed on animals and humans, we examined whether this cell-free DNA can cross the kidney barrier and be used as a diagnostic tool. METHODS: Mice received subcutaneous injections of either human Raji cells or purified (32)P-labeled DNA. DNA was isolated from urine and analyzed by measurement of radioactivity, agarose gel electrophoresis, and PCR. In humans, the permeability of the kidney barrier to polymeric DNA was assessed by detection in urine of sequences that were different from an organism bulk nuclear DNA. RESULTS: In the experiments on laboratory animals, we found that approximately 0.06% of injected DNA was excreted into urine within 3 days in a polymeric form and that human-specific ALU: sequences that passed through the kidneys could be amplified by PCR. In humans, male-specific sequences could be detected in the urine of females who had been transfused with male blood as well as in DNA isolated from urine of women pregnant with male fetuses. K-ras mutations were detected in the urine of patients with colon adenocarcinomas and pancreatic carcinomas. CONCLUSIONS: The data suggest that the kidney barrier in rodents and humans is permeable to DNA molecules large enough to be analyzed by standard genetic methodologies.