[Changes in the lymph nodes of adrenalectomized rats with staphylococcal poisoning]. / Izmeneniia limfaticheskikh uzlov u adrenaléktomirovannykh krys pri stafilokokkovoi intoksikatsii.

Histological changes in lymph nodes and dynamics of 11-oxycorticosteroid levels in blood were studied in intact and adrenalectomized rats under staphylococcal intoxication. At early stages (up to 24 h) after staphylotoxin or staphylococcal injection, stress reaction of the organism, which produces a rise of corticosteroid level in blood, was demonstrated to play the major role in aplasy of the lymphoid tissue. At later stages, when the level of corticosteroids decreases, the lymphoid tissue begins to restore. In adrenalectomized rats, aplasy of the lymphoid tissue begins at later stages (in 3--4 days) because of a decreased amount of corticosteroids in blood. From the data obtained a suggestion is made that under intoxication, devastation of the lymphoid tissue occurs via mediated and direct action of the toxin.

[Bactericidal effect of cationic proteins of cellular origin on staphylococci]. / Bakteritsidnoi deistvie kationnykh belkov kletochnogo proiskhozhdeniia na stafilokokki

A study was made of the bactericidal action of thymus histones, histone-like substance, from the nuclei of rabbit leukocytes and lysosomal cation proteins from the same leukocyte on different staphylococcus cultures. The majority of the strains of coagulasoneagative staphylococci perished under the effect of the preparations tested; cultures forming this enzyme retained their viability, irrespective of their virulence for mice, their capacity to the lecithinase formation and to mannite fermentation. The preparations studied possessed a different bactericidal activity. It is supposed that there existed an correlation between the sensitivity of staphylococcus strains to the antimicrobial action of the leukocytic cation proteins and the index of phagocytosis completion of hese microbes.

[Hyaluronic capsule as one of the factors of hemolytic streptococcal pathogenicity]. / Gialuronovaia kapsula kak odin iz faktorov patogennosti gemoliticheskuiu streptokokka

Experiments were conducted on albino mice. It was shown that treatment of streptococci with testicular hyaluronidase or a single administration of the enzyme to infected animals failed to inhibit the infectious process. Injection of hyaluronidase solution to every 3 or 4 hours depressed the development of the process and increased the percentage of survived animals during its first stages. A marked intensification of the hyaluronidase action inhibiting the infectious process was observed under conditions of a moderately active or passive immunity and also in the case of preliminary treatment of streptococci with homologous immune serum. The data obtained permit to regard the hyaluronic capsule in the hemolytic streptococci as one of the pathogenicity factors of this microbial species providing survival of the causative agent after its entrance into the macroorganism.

[Changes in the lymphoid tissue and in the level of corticosteroids in staphylococcal intoxication and infection]. / Izmeneiia limfoidnoi tkani i urovnia kortikosteroidov pri stafilokokkovoi intoksikatsii i infektsii

A complex quantitative study of changes of proliferative processes in lymphatic vessels on the one hand and changes of the level of corticosteroids in the peripheral blood in staphylococcal intoxication and infection in the same rats on the other hand has been carried out. In the work H3-thymidine has been used. The comparison of the obtained morphological data with the dynamics of the change in the corticosteroid level shows that the decay of lymphocytes, the devastating of light centers and the cortical substance of lymph nodes, an abrupt lowering of the amount of DNA-synthesizing and mitotically dividing cells take place in the period associated with a release of a great amount of corticosteroids into the blood. The drop of their level to control values goes in parallel with increasing the amount of DNA-synthesizing and mitotically dividing cells. The obtained data suggest that the leading role in those changes of the lympoid tissue which had been described by a number of authors in infectional processes is played by corticosteroids.

[Indices of phagocytosis of staphylococci with different biological activity]. / Pokazateli fagotsitoza stafilokokkov s razlichnoi biologicheskoi aktivnost'iu

An index of completion of phagocytosis was studied for staphylococcus cultures of various biological activity in experiments with surviving polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Among the coagulase-forming staphylococci virulent strains proved to be nonviable in a lesser percentage of cases than the avirulent ones. Coagulase- and mannite-negative cultures proved to be most unstable. Staphylococcus toxin depressed the migration of polymorphonuclear leukocytes to the focus of irritation, inhibited ingestion of the virulent, and, to a lesser degree, of avirulent coagulase-forming staphylococci, but failed to influence the ingestion of coagulase-negative epidermal staphylococci. The influence of staphylotoxin on the phagocytosis completion index was either the minimal or absent entirely.

[Discharge of myeloperoxidase from neutrophils during bacterial sorption]. / Vybros mieloperoksidazy iz neitrofilov pri sorbtsii bakterii

A study was made of conditions and dynamics of discharge of myeloperoxidase (MPO) from rabbit neutrophils in case of encounter with staphylococci. The discharge began not later than 9--12 minutes after the administration of Staph. aureus into the neutrophil suspension, i. e. as early as the stage of bacterial sorption, and reached the maximum by the 30th minute. The contact of neutrophils with individual bacteria was an adequate signal for the beginning of the discharge. The greatest discharge was with the ratio of 5 bacteria per one neutrophil. The discharge was retarded when this ratio reached 80: 1. A hypothesis on the "avalanche" switchingon of the system of MPO discharge: a single bacteria injection mu/ml a discharge from an individual neutrophil of MPO and cation proteins; the latter switch on discharge from several other neutrophils, without any participation of bacteria. Cation proteins intensified the MPO discharge in the concentration of the 10--20 switch on. Biolgical significance of the phenomenon of early discharge of antibacterial factors no directed to the provision of phagocytosis is discussed.