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1.
J Womens Health (Larchmt) ; 29(7): 1021-1031, 2020 07.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32580622

RESUMO

Background: Heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB) affects up to 35% of women at some point in their lives, and has an important impact on their quality of life (QoL). Current techniques to assess and quantify menstrual blood loss are inconvenient and the correlation between actual and perceived blood loss is poor. This study aimed to develop and validate a screening questionnaire in Spanish to identify HMB in women of reproductive age. Methods: The study consisted of two phases: the conceptual development of a set of items to discriminate between women with and without HMB and the assessment of the sensitivity and specificity of these items. Correlation of the screening tool with women's perception of the intensity of bleeding and the interference in their daily life activities was also assessed. Results: An initial set of 46 items were identified, from which 21 items were selected following the cognitive interviews. For the psychometric validation phase, 389 patients were enrolled, of whom 364 were assessable: 211 cases with Pictorial Blood loss Assessment Chart-confirmed excessive menstrual loss (EML) and 153 controls. Six items met entry criteria in the model and together yielded a sensitivity of 86.7% and specificity of 89.5% to identify cases and controls. These items were weighted according to their contribution to the final model to yield a tool that can be scored from 0 to 10 being 3 the cutoff point to diagnose EML that interferes in QoL. Conclusions: The 6-item SAMANTA questionnaire represents a valid screening tool to easily identify women with EML that interfere with QoL.


Assuntos
Menorragia/diagnóstico , Menstruação/fisiologia , Psicometria/estatística & dados numéricos , Qualidade de Vida/legislação & jurisprudência , Inquéritos e Questionários/normas , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Menorragia/psicologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Qualidade de Vida/psicologia , Curva ROC , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Sensibilidade e Especificidade
2.
Prog. obstet. ginecol. (Ed. impr.) ; 62(4): 340-347, jul.-ago. 2019. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-191418

RESUMO

Objective: To study peripartum use of contraception in women taking long-acting reversible contraceptives (LARCs). Material and methods: Observational, cross-sectional, multicenter, nationwide study of women of reproductive age (18-49 years) attending a gynecology clinic to request LARCs for the first time or to restart treatment. Results: The study population comprised 1,660 patients (1,657 evaluable), with a mean (SD) age of 38.6 (5.7) years. Most already had children (1.9 [0.7] children/patient). During the previous 5 years, 44% of the patients had been pregnant; this was unintended in 10.3% of cases. The main contraceptive method used during the first year after the last delivery was the condom (42.7%), followed by oral contraceptives (16.2%), levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine devices (7.5%), and the vaginal ring (6.5%). We found that 14.4% of women did not use any contraceptive method during the first year after delivery. Conclusions: LARCs, which are highly effective and easy to apply, continue to be underused after delivery in Spain


Objetivo: estudio de los hábitos anticonceptivos alrededor del embarazo en mujeres que utilizan métodos anticonceptivos reversibles de larga duración. Material y métodos: estudio observacional, transversal, multicéntrico y nacional, en mujeres en edad reproductiva (18-49 años) que acudían a la consulta ginecológica solicitando anticoncepción de larga duración por primera vez o para reiniciar tratamiento. Resultados: se incluyeron 1.660 mujeres (1.657 válidas), con una edad de 38,6 +/- 5,7 años, la mayoría de las cuales ya tenía hijos (1,9 +/- 0,7 hijos/mujer). Un 44% de las pacientes tuvieron un embarazo en los últimos 5 años de los que el 10,3% no fue planificado. El principal método anticonceptivo utilizado durante el primer año después del último parto fue el preservativo (42,7%), seguido de los anticonceptivos orales (16,2%), el dispositivo intrauterino liberador de levonorgestrel (7,5%) y el anillo vaginal (6,5%). Un 14,4% de las mujeres no utilizaron ningún método anticonceptivo durante el primer año posparto. Conclusiones: el uso de métodos anticonceptivos reversibles de larga duración, métodos de mayor efectividad y comodidad, están infrautilizados tras el parto


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Adolescente , Adulto Jovem , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Comportamento Contraceptivo/tendências , Anticoncepcionais/administração & dosagem , Dispositivos Anticoncepcionais/tendências , Contracepção Reversível de Longo Prazo/tendências , Espanha/epidemiologia , Segurança do Paciente/estatística & dados numéricos , Período Pós-Parto , Estudos Transversais , Levanogestrel/administração & dosagem , Preservativos/estatística & dados numéricos
3.
Prog. obstet. ginecol. (Ed. impr.) ; 62(1): 63-71, ene.-feb. 2019. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-184898

RESUMO

Long-acting reversible contraception (LARC) refers to highly effective methods that are suitable for most women. Despite being the best known long-acting reversible contraception methods, the copper intrauterine device (Cu-IUD) and the hormonal (levonorgestrel) device (LNG-IUD) are used by only 6.9% of women of childbearing age in Spain who use any method of contraception. This may be a consequence of barriers to the use of IUDs among health professionals that affect young and/or nulliparous women in particular. The present review addresses available scientific evidence regarding the main factors creating barriers to the use of intrauterine devices. These factors include possible difficulties during insertion and associated pain, the risk of perforation during the insertion or of expulsion once inserted, the effects on dysmenorrhoea and on menstrual bleeding pattern, the risk of ectopic pregnancy or of pelvic inflammatory disease, the speed of recovery of fertility after removal, the impact of price, and the cost-benefit ratio of intrauterine devices. It also addresses the barrier that results from possible rejection of intrauterine devices by women owing to misconceptions


Los anticonceptivos reversibles de larga duración o LARC (por sus siglas en inglés Long-Acting Reversible Contraception) son métodos altamente efectivos aptos para la mayoría de las mujeres. El dispositivo intrauterino de cobre (DIU-Cu) y el hormonal, con levonorgestrel (DIU-LNG), pese a ser los anticonceptivos reversibles de larga duración más conocidos, son usados en España por el 6,9% de las mujeres en edad fértil que usa algún método. Se cree que esto responde a barreras al uso de dispositivos intrauterinos existentes entre los profesionales sanitarios que afectarían especialmente a mujeres jóvenes y/o nulíparas. En la presente revisión se aborda la evidencia disponible sobre los principales aspectos que generan una barrera al uso de los dispositivos intrauterinos. Estos aspectos incluyen las posibles dificultades durante su inserción y el dolor que esta puede causar, el riesgo de perforación durante la inserción o de expulsión una vez insertado, el efecto sobre la dismenorrea y el patrón de sangrado menstrual, el riesgo de embarazo ectópico o de enfermedad inflamatoria pélvica, la rapidez de recuperación de la fertilidad tras la retirada, el impacto del precio y la relación coste-beneficio de estos métodos. Igualmente, se aborda la barrera que puede suponer el posible rechazo al uso del dispositivo intrauterino por parte de la mujer a consecuencia de creencias erróneas


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Dispositivos Intrauterinos/classificação , Contracepção Reversível de Longo Prazo/métodos , Dispositivos Intrauterinos/efeitos adversos , Pessoal de Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos , Atitude do Pessoal de Saúde , Fatores de Risco , Recusa do Paciente ao Tratamento/estatística & dados numéricos
4.
Prog. obstet. ginecol. (Ed. impr.) ; 61(5): 456-462, sept.-oct. 2018. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-181384

RESUMO

Objective: To assess sociodemographic characteristics and the reasons for choosing the 52-mg levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine device (LNG-IUD) for birth control among Spanish women. Material and methods: Observational, cross-sectional, multicenter, nationwide study women of reproductive age (18-49 years) attending a gynecological clinic to request long-acting reversible contraception (LARC). Results: The study population comprised 1612 women with a mean age of 38.6±5.7 years. Most women (91.7%) were primi/multiparous (1.9±0.7 children/woman), and 78.9% no longer wished to become pregnant. Women had no experience of LARC methods. The gynecologist was the main source of information (67.1%). The main reasons for choosing LARC were contraceptive efficacy (94.0%), long duration of action (62.5%), ease of use (61.3%), and safety (59.9%). Conclusions: Women who choose the LNG-IUD are mainly older than 38 years and primi/multiparous, with no previous experience in the use of LARC. They particularly appreciate contraceptive efficacy, long duration of action, ease of use, and safety


Objetivo: determinar las características sociodemográficas y los motivos de elección del dispositivo intrauterino liberador de levonorgestrel 52mg (DIU-LNG) como método anticonceptivo entre mujeres españolas. Material y métodos: estudio observacional, transversal, multicéntrico y nacional, en mujeres en edad reproductiva (18-49 años) que acudían a consulta ginecológica solicitando anticoncepción de larga duración (LARC). Resultados: la edad media de las mujeres del estudio fue de 38,6±5,7 años, primi/multiparas (91,7%) (1,9±0,7 hijos/mujer), con deseo genésico finalizado (78,9%), sin experiencia en los métodos LARC y el ginecólogo fue la principal fuente de información (67,1%). Los principales motivos de elección fueron la eficacia anticonceptiva (94,0%), larga duración (62,5%), comodidad de uso (61,3%) y seguridad (59,9%). Conclusiones: las mujeres que eligen el DIU-LNG son principalmente mayores de 38 años y primi/multíparas, sin experiencia previa en el uso de los LARC. Valoran principalmente la eficacia anticonceptiva, larga duración, comodidad y seguridad


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Levanogestrel/uso terapêutico , Dispositivos Anticoncepcionais Femininos , Anticoncepção/métodos , Stents Farmacológicos , Preferência do Paciente/estatística & dados numéricos , Aconselhamento Diretivo/estatística & dados numéricos , Tomada de Decisões
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