RESUMO
Porcine aortic tissue was decellularized by subcritical dimethyl ether (DME) used as an alternative to the surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate. The process included three steps. For the first step, lipids were extracted from the porcine aorta using subcritical DME at 23 °C with a DME pressure of 0.56 MPa. Next, DME was evaporated from the aorta under atmospheric pressure and temperature. The second step involved DNA fragmentation by DNase, which was primarily identical to the common method. For the third step, similar to the common method, DNA fragments were removed by washing with water and ethanol. After 3 days of DNase treatment, the amount of DNA remaining in the porcine aorta was 40 ng/dry-mg, which was lower than the standard value of 50 ng/mg-dry. Hematoxylin and eosin staining showed that most cell nuclei were removed from the aorta. These results demonstrate that subcritical DME eliminates the need to utilize surfactants.
RESUMO
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized by pruritic and eczematous skin lesions. The skin of AD patients is generally in a dried condition. Therefore, it is important for AD patients to manage skin moisturization. In this study, we examined the effects of orally administered fermented barley extract P (FBEP), which is prepared from a supernatant of barley shochu distillery by-product, on stratum corneum (SC) hydration and transepidermal water loss (TEWL) in AD-like lesions induced in hairless mice using 2,4,6-trinitrochlorobenzene. Oral administration of FBEP increased SC hydration and decreased TEWL in the dorsal skin of this mouse model. Further fractionation of FBEP showed that a pyroglutamyl pentapeptide, pEQPFP comprising all -L-form amino acids, is responsible for these activities. These results suggested that this pyroglutamyl pentapeptide may serve as a modality for the treatment of AD.
