Unlocking the Potential of Insect-Based Proteins: Sustainable Solutions for Global Food Security and Nutrition.

The present review highlights the potential of insect-based proteins to address the growing need for sustainable and secure food systems. The key findings suggest that edible insects offer a viable and environmentally friendly alternative to traditional livestock, requiring significantly less land, water, and feed while emitting lower levels of greenhouse gases. Insect farming can also reduce waste and recycle nutrients, supporting circular economy models. Nutritionally, insects provide high-quality protein, essential amino acids, and beneficial fats, making them valuable to human diets. Despite these benefits, this review emphasizes the need for comprehensive regulatory frameworks to ensure food safety, manage potential allergenicity, and mitigate contamination risks from pathogens and environmental toxins. Additionally, developing innovative processing technologies can enhance the palatability and marketability of insect-based products, promoting consumer acceptance. This review concludes that with appropriate regulatory support and technological advancements, insect-based proteins have the potential to significantly contribute to global food security and sustainability efforts.

Raynaud's phenomenon in the occupational context.

OBJECTIVE: To review articles that evaluated the prevalence of Raynaud's phenomenon of occupational origin. METHODS: The search for articles was carried out in the Medline (via PubMed), Embase, Web of Science, Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), and Latin America and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature (Lilacs) databases. RESULTS: 64 articles were obtained from the electronic search; 18 articles met the eligibility criteria. All studies discussed the exposure to vibrations in the upper limbs. In 6 of them, the thermal issue was directly or indirectly addressed. No studies have addressed exposure to vinyl chloride. CONCLUSIO: In general, a higher prevalence of Raynaud's phenomenon was found among vibratory tool operators compared to non-exposed workers, with an increase in the number of cases the higher the level of vibration and the time of exposure. Cold is a triggering and aggravating factor of the Raynaud phenomenon and seems to play an important role in the emergence of vascular manifestations of the hand-arm vibration syndrome.

Raynaud's phenomenon in the occupational context

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE To review articles that evaluated the prevalence of Raynaud's phenomenon of occupational origin. METHODS The search for articles was carried out in the Medline (via PubMed), Embase, Web of Science, Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), and Latin America and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature (Lilacs) databases. RESULTS 64 articles were obtained from the electronic search; 18 articles met the eligibility criteria. All studies discussed the exposure to vibrations in the upper limbs. In 6 of them, the thermal issue was directly or indirectly addressed. No studies have addressed exposure to vinyl chloride. CONCLUSIO In general, a higher prevalence of Raynaud's phenomenon was found among vibratory tool operators compared to non-exposed workers, with an increase in the number of cases the higher the level of vibration and the time of exposure. Cold is a triggering and aggravating factor of the Raynaud phenomenon and seems to play an important role in the emergence of vascular manifestations of the hand-arm vibration syndrome.

RESUMO OBJETIVO Realizar um estudo de revisão dos artigos que avaliaram a prevalência do fenômeno de Raynaud de origem ocupacional. MÉTODOS A busca pelos artigos foi realizada nas bases de dados Medline (via PubMed), Embase, Web of Science, Scientific Eletronic Library Online (SciELO) e Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (Lilacs). RESULTADOS Sessenta e quatro artigos foram obtidos a partir da busca eletrônica, dos quais 18 cumpriram os critérios de elegibilidade. Todos os estudos discutiram sobre a exposição a vibrações localizadas em membros superiores. Em seis deles, a questão térmica foi direta ou indiretamente abordada. Nenhum estudo abordou a exposição ao cloreto de vinila. CONCLUSÃO De maneira geral, constatou-se maior prevalência do fenômeno de Raynaud entre operadores de ferramentas vibratórias em comparação aos não expostos, com aumento do número de casos quanto maior o nível de vibração e tempo de exposição. O frio é fator desencadeante e agravante do fenômeno de Raynaud e parece exercer papel importante para o surgimento das manifestações vasculares da síndrome de vibração de mãos e braços.

Avaliação da qualidade de vida de açougueiros com a utilização do WHOQOL-bref / Butcher's quality of life evaluation with the WHOQOL-bref

Contexto: Profissões como a de açougueiro, que requerem técnicas e habilidades específicas, estão em déficit no mundo. Consequentemente, há sobrecarga de trabalho para os profissionais existentes no mercado, e isso pode afetar a qualidade de vida desses indivíduos. Objetivo: Avaliar a qualidade de vida de açougueiros de uma rede de casa de carnes da cidade de São Paulo. Método: Estudo observacional do tipo transversal com um grupo selecionado de açougueiros e um grupo controle, com faixa etária de 18 a 45 anos, de ambos os gêneros. Foram utilizados questionários de Qualidade de Vida (The World Health Organization Quality of Life, bref ­ WHOQOL-bref) em uma amostra de 50 açougueiros e 50 sujeitos de grupo controle. Resultados: Foi observado que, em todos os domínios de qualidade de vida avaliados, com exceção da autoavaliação, os escores nos açougueiros foram em média estatisticamente menores que nos controles (p<0,05), mesmo após ajuste das características que foram diferentes entre os grupos. Conclusão: Este estudo proporciona dados pouco investigados em outras pesquisas e sugere que a avaliação de açougueiros deve ser continuada quanto à percepção da qualidade vida desses profissionais.

Background: There is a global shortage of individuals for jobs that require special skills and techniques, such as butchers. As a result, the available workers are overloaded, which might impair their quality of life. Objective: To assess the quality of life of butchers working for a network of butcher shops in Sao Paulo. Method: Cross-sectional observational study with a selected group of butchers and a control group, with age ranging from 18 to 45 years old and from both genders. A quality of life questionnaire (World Health Organization Quality of Life, bref ­ WHOQOL-bref) was applied to a sample of 50 butchers and 50 controls. Results: The scores for butchers were statistically significantly lower in all quality of life variables, except for self-assessment compared to the controls (p<0.05) even after adjustment for characteristics differing between the groups. Conclusion: The present study provides data poorly investigated in other studies, and suggests that assessment of the perception of the quality of life of butchers should continue.

Butcher's quality of life evaluation with the WHOQOL-bref.

BACKGROUND: There is a global shortage of individuals for jobs that require special skills and techniques, such as butchers. As a result, the available workers are overloaded, which might impair their quality of life. OBJECTIVE: To assess the quality of life of butchers working for a network of butcher shops in Sao Paulo. METHOD: Cross-sectional observational study with a selected group of butchers and a control group, with age ranging from 18 to 45 years old and from both genders. A quality of life questionnaire (World Health Organization Quality of Life, bref - WHOQOL-bref) was applied to a sample of 50 butchers and 50 controls. RESULTS: The scores for butchers were statistically significantly lower in all quality of life variables, except for self-assessment compared to the controls (p<0.05) even after adjustment for characteristics differing between the groups. CONCLUSION: The present study provides data poorly investigated in other studies, and suggests that assessment of the perception of the quality of life of butchers should continue.

CONTEXTO: Profissões como a de açougueiro, que requerem técnicas e habilidades específicas, estão em déficit no mundo. Consequentemente, há sobrecarga de trabalho para os profissionais existentes no mercado, e isso pode afetar a qualidade de vida desses indivíduos. OBJETIVO: Avaliar a qualidade de vida de açougueiros de uma rede de casa de carnes da cidade de São Paulo. MÉTODO: Estudo observacional do tipo transversal com um grupo selecionado de açougueiros e um grupo controle, com faixa etária de 18 a 45 anos, de ambos os gêneros. Foram utilizados questionários de Qualidade de Vida (The World Health Organization Quality of Life, bref - WHOQOL-bref) em uma amostra de 50 açougueiros e 50 sujeitos de grupo controle. RESULTADOS: Foi observado que, em todos os domínios de qualidade de vida avaliados, com exceção da autoavaliação, os escores nos açougueiros foram em média estatisticamente menores que nos controles (p<0,05), mesmo após ajuste das características que foram diferentes entre os grupos. CONCLUSÃO: Este estudo proporciona dados pouco investigados em outras pesquisas e sugere que a avaliação de açougueiros deve ser continuada quanto à percepção da qualidade vida desses profissionais.

Deposição óssea por fluoreto de alumínio: intoxicação ocupacional? / Bone deposition of aluminum fluoride: occupational poisoning?

Contexto: Paciente de 38 anos foi encaminhado por ordem judicial para ambulatório de saúde ocupacional de hospital público terciário com queixa de dor difusa em membros inferiores, superiores, coluna e bacia, além de dificuldade na deambulação. Trazia imagens de ressonância magnética e tomografia com sinais de osteosclerose/osteonecrose em diferentes ossos (tíbia, fêmur, úmero, osso da bacia). Havia sido atendido pela equipe de clínica médica do mesmo hospital e realizado biópsia de crista ilíaca, que evidenciou infarto ósseo e grande quantidade de alumínio ósseo. Tem histórico laboral de atividade na produção de alumínio durante quatro anos, em mineradora do estado do Maranhão. Objetivos: O presente trabalho tem como objetivo revisão na literatura de possíveis causas ocupacionais em distúrbios ósseos, e identificar elementos técnico-científicos que permitam relacionar a deposição óssea de alumínio com as alterações clínico-radiológicas do caso em questão. Métodos: Foi realizada revisão de literatura baseada em publicações nas principais bases de pesquisa (PubMed, SciELO, Lilacs), além de avaliação de etapas de beneficiamento do alumínio na indústria mineradora. Resultados: Por meio da constatação da exposição do trabalhador a subprodutos químicos do beneficiamento do alumínio metálico, que, sabidamente podem causar fluorose óssea, e a associação desta doença com os achados de exame radiológico, bem como sintomatologia apresentada por este trabalhador, é possível estabelecer nexo ocupacional. Conclusão: A sintomatologia apresentada pelo trabalhador, bem como suas alterações de exame de imagem e anatomopatológico, permitem inferência de causalidade entre a exposição a compostos de fluoreto e criólita e seu distúrbio ósseo.

Context: A 38 year old patient was referred by court order for occupational health medical service of tertiary public hospital complaining of diffuse pain in lower and upper limbs, spine and pelvis, and walking difficulty. Magnetic resonance imaging and tomography signs of osteosclerosis/osteonecrosis in different bones (tibia, femur, humerus, hip bone). He was seen by the medical clinic of the same hospital and some procedures have been performed, such as iliac crest biopsy, which revealed bone infarction and a large amount of aluminum bone. This patient has worked for four years in aluminum production, in Maranhão, Brazil. Objectives: This paper aims to review the literature of possible occupational causes for bone disorders and identify technical and scientific elements that may allow to relate the bone aluminum deposition with clinical and radiological changes of the case. Methods: For this purpose, we performed a literature review based on publications in major research bases (PubMed, SciELO, Lilacs), and evaluation stages of processing of aluminum in the mining industry. Results: Through the observation of the worker exposure to chemical byproducts from the processing of aluminum metal, which is known to cause skeletal fluorosis, and the association of this disease with radiological findings and symptoms presented by this paper, it is possible establish relationship between his occupational activity and the diasease. Conclusion: The symptoms presented by the worker, as well as their changes of imaging and pathologic examination, allow inference of causality between exposure to fluoride and cryolite compounds and their bone disorder.

Metastatic non-small cell lung cancer in Brazil: treatment heterogeneity in routine clinical practice.

UNLABELLED: Lung cancer is one of the main causes of cancer related deaths. Approximately three quarters of these tumors are non-small cell carcinomas. When diagnosed the majority of patients show the disease locally advanced or metastatic. The chemotherapy is the chosen therapy for patients with advanced lung cancer. The majority of published studies with chemotherapy are performed in academic centers under a strict control of research protocols. PURPOSE: The aim of this study is to evaluate the usual management of metastatic NSCLC patients outside of a clinical trial setting in three different oncologic centers in Brazil. METHODS: This is a retrospective study of patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer admitted for treatment in three different Cancer Centers in Brazil. 564 patients from Brazilian public heath system and private/health insurance system were considered for the present study. RESULTS: Among 564 patients in this study, 335 (59.4%) received chemotherapy. For all patients, 47 different regimens of chemotherapy were identified. The median follow-up time was eight months and the overall median survival of all patient population submitted to chemotherapy was 9.7 months. DISCUSSION: There was a great heterogeneity in the regimens of drugs to treat metastatic NSCLC patients. The overall survival was significantly better for patients treated with first line chemotherapy compared to patients that only received best supportive care. Results of prospective randomized clinical trials should be carefully analyzed before transferred to the daily clinical practice.

Metastatic non-small cell lung cancer in Brazil: treatment heterogeneity in routine clinical practice

ABSTRACT: Lung cancer is one of the main causes of cancer related deaths. Approximately three quarters of these tumors are non-small cell carcinomas. When diagnosed the majority of patients show the disease locally advanced or metastatic. The chemotherapy is the chosen therapy for patients with advanced lung cancer. The majority of published studies with chemotherapy are performed in academic centers under a strict control of research protocols. PURPOSE: The aim of this study is to evaluate the usual management of metastatic NSCLC patients outside of a clinical trial setting in three different oncologic centers in Brazil. METHODS: This is a retrospective study of patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer admitted for treatment in three different Cancer Centers in Brazil. 564 patients from Brazilian public heath system and private/health insurance system were considered for the present study. RESULTS: Among 564 patients in this study, 335 (59.4 percent) received chemotherapy. For all patients, 47 different regimens of chemotherapy were identified. The median follow-up time was eight months and the overall median survival of all patient population submitted to chemotherapy was 9.7 months. DISCUSSION: There was a great heterogeneity in the regimens of drugs to treat metastatic NSCLC patients. The overall survival was significantly better for patients treated with first line chemotherapy compared to patients that only received best supportive care. Results of prospective randomized clinical trials should be carefully analyzed before transferred to the daily clinical practice.

INTRODUÇÃO: O câncer de pulmão é uma das principais causas de morte relacionadas ao câncer. Aproximadamente três quartos destes tumores são carcinoma não pequenas células. Ao diagnóstico, a maioria dos pacientes se apresenta com doença avançada localmente ou metastática. A quimioterapia é o tratamento de escolha para pacientes com câncer de pulmão em estadiamento avançado. A maioria dos estudos publicados com quimioterapia é realizada em centros acadêmicos sob controle rígido de protocolos de pesquisa. OBJETIVO: O objetivo deste estudo é avaliar os resultados do tratamento rotineiro de pacientes com carcinoma de pulmão não pequenas células metastático, fora de protocolos de pesquisa clínica em três centros oncológicos brasileiros. MÉTODO: Trata-se de um estudo retrospectivo de pacientes com câncer de pulmão não pequenas células metastático, admitidos para tratamento em três diferentes centros oncológicos no Brasil. Foram avaliados 564 pacientes neste estudo provenientes do sistema de saúde público e privado. RESULTADOS: Dentre os 564 pacientes deste estudo, 335 (59,4 por cento) receberam quimioterapia. Considerando todos os pacientes, foram identificados 47 esquemas diferentes de quimioterapia. O tempo médio de seguimento foi de oito meses e a sobrevida global mediana de todos os pacientes submetidos à quimioterapia foi de 9,7 meses. DISCUSSÃO: Havia uma grande heterogeneidade de esquemas de drogas para o tratamento de pacientes com câncer de pulmão não pequenas células metastático. A sobrevida global foi significativamente melhor para pacientes tratados com quimioterapia de primeira linha comparado com pacientes que receberam somente tratamento de suporte clínico. Resultados de estudos clínicos prospectivos randomizados deverão ser cuidadosamente analisados antes de serem transferidos para a prática clínica diária.