RESUMO
BackgroundThe role of schools in the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic is much debated. We aimed to quantify reliably the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infections at schools detected with reverse-transcription quantitative polymerase-chain-reaction (RT-qPCR). MethodsThis nationwide prospective cohort study monitors a representative sample of pupils (grade 1-8) and teachers at Austrian schools throughout the school year 2020/2021. We repeatedly test participants for SARS-CoV-2 infection using a gargling solution and RT-qPCR. We herein report on the first two rounds of examinations. We used mixed-effect logistic regression to estimate odds ratios and robust 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). FindingsWe analysed data on 10734 participants from 245 schools (9465 pupils, 1269 teachers). Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection increased from 0.39% at round 1 (95% CI 0.28-0{middle dot}55%, 29 September-22 October 2020) to 1{middle dot}39% at round 2 (95% CI 1{middle dot}04-1{middle dot}85%, 10-16 November). Odds ratios for SARS-CoV-2 infection were 2{middle dot}26 (95% CI 1{middle dot}25-4{middle dot}12, P=0{middle dot}007) in regions with >500 vs. [≤]500 inhabitants/km2, 1{middle dot}67 (95% CI 1{middle dot}42-1{middle dot}97, P<0{middle dot}001) per two-fold higher regional 7-day incidence, and 2{middle dot}78 (95% CI 1{middle dot}73-4{middle dot}48, P<0{middle dot}001) in pupils at schools with high/very high vs. low/moderate social deprivation. Associations of community incidence and social deprivation persisted in a multivariable adjusted model. Prevalence did not differ by average number of pupils per class nor between age groups, sexes, pupils vs. teachers, or primary (grade 1-4) vs. secondary schools (grade 5-8). InterpretationThis monitoring study in Austrian schools revealed SARS-CoV-2 infection in 0{middle dot}39%-1{middle dot}39% of participants and identified associations of regional community incidence and social deprivation with higher prevalence. FundingBMBWF Austria.
