Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Mostrar: 20 | 50 | 100
Resultados 1 - 15 de 15
Filtrar
1.
Arch Inst Pasteur Madagascar ; 66(1-2): 72-4, 2000.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12463042

RESUMO

Acute pelvic pains of pregnancy (APPP) generate a lot of social and professional problems to pregnancy. A retrospective study was carried out in 1996 at the Maternity Hospital of Befelatanana, Antananarivo in order to specify epidemiological feature of APPP suffering pregnancy and to search favourising factors and determinative causes of this disease so that a strategy will be drawn up to reduce its frequency and to organize correct cares. 1,612 APPP were registered for the study period, i.e. an annual incidence of 15.5 per cent. Non periodic APPP were the most frequent clinical forms (99.6 per cent). The average age of pregnancy was 26 years old. Risk factors and determinative causes are infections, hormonal diseases, nulliparity and primiparity, low standard of living. APPP had been associated to hemorrhages (37.4 per cent), circulatory shock (14.5 per cent), and hyperthermia (63.5 per cent). 83 deaths were noted. Deaths are provoked by abortion infectious complications, hemorrhages, hepato-nephric lesions due to abortifacient plants. The authors conclude that prevent measures remain as the best therapy. They are based on Information-Education-Communication program drawn towards sexual education, Reproduction Health and improvement of genital infections cares.


Assuntos
Doenças dos Genitais Femininos/complicações , Dor Pélvica/epidemiologia , Dor Pélvica/etiologia , Complicações na Gravidez/epidemiologia , Complicações na Gravidez/etiologia , Doença Aguda , Adolescente , Adulto , Endometriose/complicações , Feminino , Educação em Saúde , Humanos , Incidência , Infecções/complicações , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Paridade , Dor Pélvica/prevenção & controle , Gravidez , Complicações na Gravidez/prevenção & controle , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Salpingite/complicações , Salpingite/microbiologia
2.
Arch Inst Pasteur Madagascar ; 65(1-2): 86-9, 1999.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12478967

RESUMO

Neonatal infections represented the second cause of morbidity at the neonatalogy service of the Maternity Hospital of Befelatanana, and they were the first cause of the perinatal mortality (81%). This prospective study was carried out from May 1997 and December 1998 and had concerned neonatal infections suspicions among newborns. Its purpose was to identify problems with regard to the management of those newborns and to assess the impact of the prevention. Over 14,009 births, 1,877 neonates had infections recorded during the first week of life. Were noticed as main pathogen germs isolated: Escherichia coli, groups B, A, G, D Streptococci and Staphylococcus aureus. The authors conclude that screening and early treatment of materno-fetal infections constitute with asepsis, prevention basis of neonatal infections.


Assuntos
Infecções Bacterianas/congênito , Infecções Bacterianas/terapia , Infecções por Escherichia coli/congênito , Infecções por Escherichia coli/terapia , Infecções Estafilocócicas/congênito , Infecções Estafilocócicas/terapia , Infecções Estreptocócicas/congênito , Infecções Estreptocócicas/terapia , Adolescente , Adulto , Infecções Bacterianas/diagnóstico , Infecções Bacterianas/epidemiologia , Causalidade , Infecções por Escherichia coli/diagnóstico , Infecções por Escherichia coli/epidemiologia , Hospitalização , Maternidades , Humanos , Incidência , Mortalidade Infantil , Recém-Nascido , Madagáscar/epidemiologia , Morbidade , Triagem Neonatal , Prevenção Primária , Estudos Prospectivos , Saúde Pública , Fatores de Risco , Infecções Estafilocócicas/diagnóstico , Infecções Estafilocócicas/epidemiologia , Infecções Estreptocócicas/diagnóstico , Infecções Estreptocócicas/epidemiologia
3.
Arch Inst Pasteur Madagascar ; 65(1-2): 90-2, 1999.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12478968

RESUMO

The purpose of this study is to assess the frequency of spontaneous and induced abortions at the Hospital Maternity of Befelatanana, in Antananarivo--City by 1997. The study was also carried out to identify causes and risk factors of abortions in order to draw up a control program. 958 abortion cases were counted. The patient average age was 28 old years. 289 cases (30.3%) of these abortions had complications, 1 out of 25 patients died. Some of causes of abortion have been specified: prior patient health, cultural, social and economic factors. Existence of abortions is a failure report of the Reproductive Heath Program. Abortion control must be based on sanitary education in which family planning is very important, on correct management of abortion cases and their complications. But all that is not possible if there are not improvements of the standard of living.


Assuntos
Aborto Induzido/efeitos adversos , Aborto Induzido/estatística & dados numéricos , Aborto Espontâneo/complicações , Aborto Espontâneo/epidemiologia , Aborto Induzido/mortalidade , Aborto Espontâneo/prevenção & controle , Adolescente , Adulto , Distribuição por Idade , Serviços de Planejamento Familiar , Feminino , Hospitalização/estatística & dados numéricos , Hospitais Urbanos , Humanos , Madagáscar/epidemiologia , Mortalidade Materna , Avaliação das Necessidades , Paridade , Gravidez , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Fatores Socioeconômicos
4.
Arch Inst Pasteur Madagascar ; 65(1-2): 93-5, 1999.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12478969

RESUMO

Preterm deliveries (PT) produce new-borns whose prognosis is generally very dark. Prematurity is the first cause of neonatal death. A retrospective study was carried out at the Maternity Hospital of Befelatanana, Antananarivo in order to specify causes and difficulties of PT and to draw up strategy for their better management so that premature infants have chance to survive. The survey concerned 1394 patients: all pregnancies whose gestational age are between 22 and 36 weeks and those who delivery viable infants discharged home whose weights are between 500 and 2,500 grams. PT occur frequently among teenagers and more than 35-year old women. Risk factors and determinative causes of PT are mothers' toxic habits, gyneco-obstetrical history as PT, abortion, cicatricial uterus, urogenital infections. 12 maternal deaths were noted. Infant perinatal mortality rate was of 47.3 per cent. The authors conclude that difficulties were in labor and both antepartum and intrapartum periods. Preventive measures must surpass curative therapy. They will be based on the improvement of standard of living, the reinforcement of planning family and a strict pregnancy surveillance.


Assuntos
Trabalho de Parto Prematuro/epidemiologia , Trabalho de Parto Prematuro/terapia , Adulto , Causas de Morte , Parto Obstétrico/métodos , Serviços de Planejamento Familiar , Feminino , Idade Gestacional , Hospitalização/estatística & dados numéricos , Maternidades , Humanos , Mortalidade Infantil , Recém-Nascido , Terapia Intensiva Neonatal , Madagáscar/epidemiologia , Gravidez , Resultado da Gravidez , Cuidado Pré-Natal , Prognóstico , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco
5.
Arch Inst Pasteur Madagascar ; 65(1-2): 96-9, 1999.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12478970

RESUMO

Version by internal manipulations (VIM) cause high fetal and maternal morbidity and mortality rates. A retrospective study was carried out in 1998 at at the Maternity Hospital of Befelatanana, Antananarivo in order to assess VIM frequency, to specify their indications and technical difficulties by performing them. 177 VIM were registered for the period study: 85 on singleton pregnancies, 91 on the second twin and 1 on the third infant of a triplet pregnancy. VIM annual incidence was of 2.1 per cent. The average age of parturient women was 27 years old. Risk factors and determinative causes are gyneco-obstetrical history as abortion, preterm delivery, urogenital infections; high blood pressure; poor prenatal visits; poor cares during labor; untimely and inappropriate drug prescriptions; low standard of living. Maternal complications were hemorrhages of the afterbirth (73.0 per cent), uterine rupture (8.0 per cent), cervix tearing (5.0 per cent). 19 maternal deaths were noted. Infant perinatal mortality was of 68.0 per cent. The authors conclude that VIM is the only alternative to cesarotomy provided it is properly performed by a competent and experienced practitioner. VIM must be kept for the second twin in unengaged transverse lie.


Assuntos
Complicações do Trabalho de Parto/terapia , Versão Fetal , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Mortalidade Infantil , Recém-Nascido , Madagáscar/epidemiologia , Mortalidade Materna , Morbidade , Complicações do Trabalho de Parto/epidemiologia , Complicações do Trabalho de Parto/etiologia , Seleção de Pacientes , Gravidez , Resultado da Gravidez , Gravidez Múltipla , Sistema de Registros , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Versão Fetal/efeitos adversos , Versão Fetal/métodos , Versão Fetal/mortalidade , Versão Fetal/estatística & dados numéricos
6.
Arch Inst Pasteur Madagascar ; 65(1-2): 100-2, 1999.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12478971

RESUMO

Generally preterm ruptures of membranes (PRM) are harmless, but they become serious if the labor doesn't occur in the following 24 hours. Then, they might generate neonatal infections which provoke heavy fetal and maternal mortality. A retrospective study was carried out in 1998 at the Maternity Hospital of Befelatanana, Antananarivo in order to sum up knowledges on epidemiology and fetal prognosis of this disease, and to draw up measures to aim to reduce causes of PRM. 4232 cases of PRM were registered for the study period. The average age of parturient women was of 27 years old. PRM occur frequently among primiparas and high level multiparas. Risk factors and determinative causes are gyneco-obstetrical history as abortion, preterm delivery, cicatricial uterus, urogenital infections; uterine malformation; placenta praevia; hydramnios; dystocic labor presentation; uterine distension due to either multiple pregnancy or disproportion of fetus and birth canal; irregular and poor prenatal visits quality; low standard of living. Numerous premature infants of PRM outcomes had infections: 1,619 out of 4315 new-borns. Infant perinatal mortality rate was of 11.7 per cent. Maternal complications were infections, uterine rupture, hemorrhages. 5 deaths were noted. The reduction of PRM rate might be obtained by improvement of standard of living and hygiene, correct cares during pregnancy and intergenesic periods.


Assuntos
Ruptura Prematura de Membranas Fetais/epidemiologia , Ruptura Prematura de Membranas Fetais/etiologia , Centros Médicos Acadêmicos , Adolescente , Adulto , Distribuição por Idade , Feminino , Ruptura Prematura de Membranas Fetais/terapia , Maternidades , Humanos , Mortalidade Infantil , Recém-Nascido , Madagáscar/epidemiologia , Mortalidade Materna , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Avaliação das Necessidades , Paridade , Gravidez , Resultado da Gravidez , Prevenção Primária , Prognóstico , Sistema de Registros , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco
7.
Arch Inst Pasteur Madagascar ; 65(1-2): 103-6, 1999.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12478972

RESUMO

Multiple pregnancies (MP) outcomes are often complicated. They deliver premature infants and provoke high blood pressure. A retrospective study was carried out in 1998 at the Maternity Hospital of Befelatanana, Antananarivo in order to assess MP frequency and to specify the most important favourising factors and difficulties during labor and the quality of the labor management. All pregnancies with a MP were included in this survey. 143 MP were registered: 142 twin pregnancies and 1 triplet pregnancy. 2.0 per cent of cases were recurrent MP. The average age of pregnancies was 26 years old. Among these 143 MP, 48.0 per cent were primiparas. Poor quality of prenatal visits is frequently encountered. As antecedents there are abortion, hormonal contraceptive taking, preterm delivery, gravidic toxemia, cicatricial uterus, ectopic pregnancy. 6.3 per cent of the first twin had breech presentation, 2.0 per cent transversal labor presentation. As events during labor 40.0 per cent dynamic dystocia, 26.0 per cent acute fetal suffering, 27.0 per cent hyperthermia, 23.0 per cent high blood pressure, some of them as eclampsia or pre-eclampsia were noted. 60.0 per cent of the first twin delivery were easy. Whatever his labor presentation, version by internal manipulations following by breech extraction was performed on the second twin (67.0 per cent of cases). 18.2 per cent of parturient women had cesaretomy. 11 maternal deaths were noted. Infant perinatal mortality rate was of 35.7 per cent. Infant morbidity and mortality are essentially due to infections. The authors conclude that complications prevention will be obtained by improvement of standard of living of all female able to procreate. It needs also correct cares at prenatal visits and during labor. Health education must be focalized on strict and correct surveillance of pregnancies and intergenesic periods by the reinforcement of planning family.


Assuntos
Parto Obstétrico/métodos , Gravidez Múltipla , Adolescente , Adulto , Parto Obstétrico/efeitos adversos , Parto Obstétrico/normas , Parto Obstétrico/estatística & dados numéricos , Feminino , Maternidades , Hospitais Universitários , Humanos , Mortalidade Infantil , Recém-Nascido , Madagáscar/epidemiologia , Avaliação das Necessidades , Gravidez , Resultado da Gravidez , Gravidez Múltipla/estatística & dados numéricos , Cuidado Pré-Natal/normas , Prognóstico , Qualidade da Assistência à Saúde , Sistema de Registros , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco
8.
Arch Inst Pasteur Madagascar ; 65(1-2): 110-2, 1999.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12478974

RESUMO

Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), haematologic disease affecting the only blood platelets, is an acquired disease. It appears as cutaneous and mucosal bleedings preceded by a feverish syndrome. Cerebral haemorrhage is possible but very rare. If the disease occurs frequently in Europe and in the United States of America, there is a lack of data in Africa and in Madagascar. In order to fill this gap, the authors carried out retrospective and prospective studies in two paediatric units of Antananarivo for 32 months. They reported 4 cases of PTI of which clinical signs were moderate. As therapy, corticosteroids were used and were efficiency. It is desirable to settle a program allowing to survey sick children.


Assuntos
Púrpura Trombocitopênica Idiopática , Adolescente , Distribuição por Idade , Anti-Inflamatórios/uso terapêutico , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Madagáscar/epidemiologia , Masculino , Avaliação das Necessidades , Pediatria/estatística & dados numéricos , Contagem de Plaquetas , Vigilância da População , Padrões de Prática Médica/estatística & dados numéricos , Estudos Prospectivos , Púrpura Trombocitopênica Idiopática/diagnóstico , Púrpura Trombocitopênica Idiopática/tratamento farmacológico , Púrpura Trombocitopênica Idiopática/epidemiologia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Distribuição por Sexo , Esteroides , Resultado do Tratamento , Saúde da População Urbana/estatística & dados numéricos
9.
Arch Inst Pasteur Madagascar ; 65(1-2): 113-6, 1999.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12478975

RESUMO

C-Reactive Protein (CRP) measurement is used to orientate the diagnosis of an inflammation especially in childhood febrish diseases. A retrospective study was carried out at the pediatric service of the General hospital of Befelatanana in Antananarivo for 48 months (1997-1998). The population of this study was continued of 361 patients taken from 714 febrish children. 384 CRP were performed. The initial CRP measurement allowed to differentiate 152 presumed bacterial infections: 49 respiratory tract infections, 62 in neurological pathology, 10 in digestive pathology, 19 in otorhinolaryngology pathology, 12 in urinary pathology, and 153 presumed viral infections: 86 respiratory tract infections, 29 in neurological pathology, 12 in digestive pathology, 26 in otorhinolaryngology pathology. There was a right correlation of CRP values and leukocyte levels in presumed bacterial infections. Specificity and sensibility of the test applied in different child febrish diseases were satisfactory. CRP measurement is easy and rapid to perform. It is useful and seems to be the appropriate method to diagnose childhood febrish diseases in countries where facilities are insufficient and financial possibilities limited.


Assuntos
Proteína C-Reativa/metabolismo , Febre/sangue , Febre/diagnóstico , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Países em Desenvolvimento , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Feminino , Febre/etiologia , Hospitalização/estatística & dados numéricos , Hospitais Gerais , Humanos , Lactente , Leucocitose/sangue , Leucocitose/diagnóstico , Leucocitose/etiologia , Madagáscar , Masculino , Pediatria/métodos , Estudos Retrospectivos , Sensibilidade e Especificidade
10.
Arch Inst Pasteur Madagascar ; 65(1-2): 127-9, 1999.
Artigo em Francês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12478979

RESUMO

The purpose of this retrospective study carried out by 1997 in two paediatric units of Antananarivo: paediatric unit of the General hospital of Befelatanana (Marfan) and paediatric unit of the Hospital Center of Soavinandriana (CI), was to evaluate direct service costs for an hospitalization of a child affected by lower acute airway diseases. In the first unit, there is partial charge, in the second, there is full charge. Direct services were continued by complementary tests, therapy and meals. The length of the hospitalization changes according to the cause and the severity of diseases. Average direct service costs were of 19 and 38 US$ respectively. Maximum direct service costs were of 77 and 154 US$ respectively. Amounts of direct service costs were crippled especially by inappropriate use of antibiotics.


Assuntos
Custos Diretos de Serviços/estatística & dados numéricos , Custos Hospitalares/estatística & dados numéricos , Pediatria/economia , Infecções Respiratórias/economia , Doença Aguda/economia , Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Revisão de Uso de Medicamentos , Pesquisa sobre Serviços de Saúde , Hospitais Gerais/economia , Humanos , Lactente , Tempo de Internação/economia , Madagáscar/epidemiologia , Morbidade , Infecções Respiratórias/tratamento farmacológico , Infecções Respiratórias/epidemiologia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Índice de Gravidade de Doença
11.
Arch. inst. pasteur Madag ; 65(2): 90-92, 1999. ilus
Artigo em Francês | AIM (África) | ID: biblio-1259487

RESUMO

Cette étude rétrospective, menée en 1997, a pour but d'évaluer la fréquence des avortements spontanés et provoqués admis à la Maternité de Befelatanana, d'en identifier les causes et les facteurs de risques, et d'envisager une politique visant à réduire leur survenue. 958 avortements ont été recensés. L' âge moyen des patientes a été de 28 ans. Les avortements compliqués représentent 30,3% des cas (289 cas). 1 femme sur 25 ayant avorté est décédée. L'étude a permis de préciser certaines causes de la pratique d'avortement : état de santé de la mère, facteurs socio-économiques et culturels. L'avortement constitue un échec de la Santé de la Reproduction. Le contrôle des avortements passe par une éducation sanitaire où la planification familiale a un rôle important, par la prise en charge correcte des avortements et de leurs complications. Mais avant tout, les conditions de vie sont à améliorer


Assuntos
Aborto , Serviços de Planejamento Familiar , Madagáscar , Mortalidade
12.
Arch. inst. pasteur Madag ; 65(2): 90-92, 1999. ilus
Artigo em Francês | AIM (África) | ID: biblio-1259488

RESUMO

L'accouchement prématuré donne naissance à des enfants dont le pronostic est généralement très sombre : la prématurité étant la première cause de décès néonatal. Une étude rétrospective portant sur les accouchements prématurés, répertoriés entre le 1er janvier et le 31 décembre 1997, à la Maternité de Befelatanana a été entreprise afin de préciser leurs causes et les problèmes qu'ils posent, et de dégager une ligne de conduite pour une prise en charge de qualité pour assurer la survie des prématurés. Toutes les femmes en travail, porteuses d'une grossesse d'âge gestationnel compris entre 22 et 36 SA révolues, et les femmes admises, après un accouchement prématuré à domicile, dont les enfants pesaient entre 500g et 2 500g ont été incluses. 1 394 accouchements prématurés ont été enregistrés pendant la période d'étude. Les adolescentes et les femmes âgées de plus de 35 ans sont les plus exposées à l'accouchement prématuré. Les facteurs de risque et les facteurs déterminants d'un accouchement prématuré sont les habitudes toxiques de la mère, des antécédents d'avortement ou d'accouchement prématuré, un utérus cicatriciel, et des infections uro-génitales. 12 décès maternels ont été enregistrés. Le taux de mortalité périnatale a été de 47,3% (660 cas). Il ressort de cette étude que les facteurs péjoratifs se situent aussi bien en amont qu'en aval des accouchements prématurés. Les mesures préventives doivent l'emporter sur les traitements curatifs. Elles reposent notamment sur l'amélioration de la qualité de la vie, le renforcement de la planification familiale et la surveillance stricte de la grossesse


Assuntos
Infecções , Madagáscar , Gravidez
13.
Arch. inst. pasteur Madag ; 65(2): 96-99, 1999. tab
Artigo em Francês | AIM (África) | ID: biblio-1259489

RESUMO

La Version par Manoeuvres Internes (VMI) est à l'origine de taux de morbidité et de mortalité materno-foetales élevés. Une étude rétrospective, menée sur une période de 12 mois, entre le 1er janvier et le 31 décembre 1998 a été effectuée à la Maternité de Befelatanana. Elle avait pour objectif d'évaluer la fréquence de la VMI, d'en préciser les indications, de mieux cerner les difficultés techniques et les problèmes rencontrés au cours de sa réalisation. 177 VMI ont été enregistrées. 85 sur foetus unique, 91 sur un deuxième jumeau et 1 VMI sur un troisième enfant (grossesse triple). L'incidence annuelle des VMI est de 2,1%. L'âge moyen des parturientes a été de 27 ans. Les facteurs de risque et les facteurs déterminants ont été des antécédents gynéco-obstétricaux : avortement ou accouchement prématuré, des infections uro-génitales, une maladie hypertensive, une mauvaise surveillance prénatale, une mauvaise surveillance du travail, l'institution de traitements intensifs et inappropriés et un bas niveau de vie. Les complications ont été des hémorragies de la délivrance : 73% (124/170) des cas, une rupture utérine dans 8% (14/177) des cas et une déchirure du col dans 5% (9/177) des cas. Il y a eu 19 décès maternels (11%). La mortalité périnatale a été de de 68% (120/177). La VMI, à condition d'être réalisée à bon escient par un technicien compétent, est la seule alternative à la césarienne. Son indication devrait être réservée au 2ème jumeau en présentation transversale non engagée


Assuntos
Epidemiologia , Infecções , Madagáscar , Gravidez , Complicações na Gravidez
14.
Arch. inst. pasteur Madag ; 65(2): 100-102, 1999.
Artigo em Francês | AIM (África) | ID: biblio-1259490

RESUMO

La Rupture Prématurée des Membranes (RPM) reste le plus souvent anodine, mais elle devient grave lorsque le travail ne se déclenche pas dans les 24 heures qui suivent. Elle peut être alors à l'origine d'une infection néonatale qui engendre de lourdes morbidité et mortalité materno-foetales. Une étude rétrospective menée pendant l'année 1998 a eu pour cadre la Maternité de Befelatanana afin de faire le point sur l'épidémiologie et le pronostic foetal consécutifs à la RPM et de dégager des stratégies visant à diminuer les causes de ces RPM. Il y eut 4 232 cas de RPM, soit une incidence de 50,5%. L'âge moyen des parturientes a été de 27 ans. Les primipares et les grandes multipares ont été les plus touchées et ont représenté 59,8% de la population d'étude. Les facteurs de risque et les facteurs déterminants ont été des antécédents gynéco-ostétricaux : avortement ou accouchement prématuré ou utérus cicatriciel, une malformation utérine, un placenta praevia, un hydramnios, une présentation dystocique, une surdistension utérine provoquée par une grossesse multiple ou une disproportion foetopelvienne,des infections uro-génitales, des notions de massage sur la région abdominale, une mauvaise consultation prénatale et un bas niveau de vie. Sur 4 315 naissances issues de RPM, 1 619 nouveau-nés (39,2%) présentaient des signes d'infection. Par ailleurs, nous avons enregistré 504 cas de mortalité périnatale, soit 11,7%. Les complications ayant survenu chez la mère ont été des infections, des ruptures utérines, des hémorragies. 5 décès ont été notifiés. La réduction du nombre de RPM repose d'une part sur l'amélioration de la vie et de l'hygiène de la population et d'autre part sur la qualité des soins offerts, depuis la période intergénésique, jusqu'à la période post-natale


Assuntos
Madagáscar , Gravidez
15.
Arch. inst. pasteur Madag ; 65(2): 103-106, 1999. tab
Artigo em Francês | AIM (África) | ID: biblio-1259491

RESUMO

Une Grossesse Multiple (GM) pose le plus souvent des problèmes notamment lors de l'accouchement. Les GM sont à l'origine d'un nombre important de prématurés et sources d'hypertension artérielle gravidique. Une étude rétrospective menée pendant l'année 1998 à la Maternité de Befelatanana a eu pour objectif d'évaluer la fréquence des GM, d'identifier les facteurs favorisants les plus importants, de mieux cerner les problèmes rencontrés au cours de la prise en charge et d'apprécier la qualité de celleci. Toutes les femmes en travail porteuses d'une GM ont été incluses dans l'étude. Elles ont été au nombre de 143 réparties en 142 grossesses gémellaires et une grossesse triple. La grossesse gémellaire était récidivante dans 2% des cas. L'âge moyen a été de 26 ans. Les primipares ont représenté 48% des GM. Les facteurs favorisants ont été une mauvaise surveillance de la grossesse. On note dans les antécédents un avortement, une prise de contracetifs hormonaux, un accouchement précoce, une toxémie gravidique, un utérus cicatriciel et une grossesse extra-utérine. La présentation du siège chez le premier foetus a été observée dans 6,3% des cas, la présentation transversale dans 2% des cas. Une dystocie dynamique a été notée dans 40% des cas, une souffrance foetale aiguë dans 26% des cas, une température supérieure ou égale à 38°5C dans 27% des cas, une hypertension artérielle chez 23% des cas dont certains dans un état de prééclampsie ou d'éclampsie. L'accouchement a été naturel dans 66% des cas principalement chez les premiers jumeaux. Quelle que soit la présentation, la version par manoeuvres internes (VMI) avec grande extraction du siège (GES) a été pratiquée sur le deuxième jumeau dans 63% des cas. L'indication de la césarienne a concerné 18,2% des femmes. 11 décès maternels sont à déplorer. Le taux de mortalité périnatale a été de 35,7%. La plus grave cause de mortalité et de morbidité reste l'infection néonatale. La prévention des complications des GM passe par l'amélioration des conditions de vie des jeunes filles et des femmes en âge de procréer. Elle exige aussi des prestations de qualité en consultation prénatale et au cours de l'accouchement. L'éducation sanitaire doit être focalisée sur l'importance d'une surveillance rigoureuse de la grossesse, sur le renforcement des soins inter-génésiques, grâce à la promotion de la planification familiale


Assuntos
Epidemiologia , Infecções , Madagáscar , Gravidez , Complicações na Gravidez
SELEÇÃO DE REFERÊNCIAS
DETALHE DA PESQUISA
...