Quantum theoretical study of electron solvation dynamics in ice layers on a Cu(111) surface.

Recent experiments using time- and angle-resolved two-photon photoemission (2PPE) spectroscopy at metal/polar adsorbate interfaces succeeded in time-dependent analysis of the process of electron solvation. A fully quantum mechanical, two-dimensional simulation of this process, which explicitly includes laser excitation, is presented here, confirming the origin of characteristic features, such as the experimental observation of an apparently negative dispersion. The inference of the spatial extent of the localized electron states from the angular dependence of the 2PPE spectra has been found to be non-trivial and system-dependent.

[Immunomodulating activity of natural killers in patients with breast tumors using vasopressin and interleukin 2 in vitro]. / Immunomoduliatsiia aktivnosti estestvennykh killerov u bol'nykh s opukholiami molochnoi zhelezy s pomoshch'iu vazopressina i interleikina-2 in vitro.

The study included 10 female donors, 12 patients with benign and 59 with malignant tumors of the breast at various stages before and after treatment. The immunomodulating effect of vasopressin and interleukin-2 on blood-natural killer functional activity was studied in vitro. Vasopressin dose of 4 x 10(-1) IU/5 x 10(5) cells exerted an immunosuppressive effect while 4 x 10(-5) IU/5 x 10(5) cells stimulated immunity. The stimulating effect of optimal interleukin-2 dosage (20-40 U/5 x 10(5) cells) on natural killer functional activity appeared 1.5-2-times higher than that optimal vasopressin dose (4 x 10(-5)/5 x 10(5) cells). Combined administration of the agents was not followed by increase in overall effect. Sensitivity of blood-natural killer cells in breast cancer patients to vasopressin and interleukin-2 depended upon clinical pattern, stage of tumor and treatment modality.

[The effect of autoplasma of patients with breast cancer on the functional activity of natural killer cells and adhering mononuclear cells in peripheral blood in vitro]. / Vliianie autoplazmy bol'nykh rakom molochnoi zhelezy na funktsional'nogo aktivnost' estestvennykh killernykh kletok i prilipaiushchikh mononuklearov perifericheskoi krovi in vitro.

Autoplasma of 43 breast cancer patients and 30 donors has been studied for its effect on the activity of natural killer (NK) cells and adherent cells phagocytosis. The cytotoxic activity of NK cells and the phagocytic activity of adherent cells as well as the cytotoxic activity of plasma of breast cancer patients toward K-562 cells are found to increase during tumour progression. Autoplasma of cancer patients is shown to block the cytotoxic activity of NK and even more markedly--the phagocytic activity of adherent cells. As a result, breast cancer patients have nearly normal level of the cytotoxic activity of NK in the presence of autoplasma, whereas the phagocytic activity of adherent mononuclears decreases. Thus, autoplasma of breast cancer patients properly affects the cytotoxic activity of the NK cells and the phagocytic activity of adherent cells.

[Functional activity of the natural killers and macrophages in patients with breast tumors]. / Funktsional'naia aktivnost' estestvennykh killerov i makrofagov u bol'nykh pri opukholiakh molochnoi zhelezy.

The activity of natural killers (NK) and macrophages of peripheral blood was studied in 37 female donors, 40 patients with benign and 43 with malignant tumors of the breast of various stages prior to treatment. Also the effect of Soviet-made recombinant interleukin-2 on NK activity was assessed. Natural killer activity (cytotoxic index) was 34.1 +/- 1.42 in healthy donors, 44.2 +/- 3.64 in cases of fibroadenomatosis, 43.1 +/- 5.6 in patients with stages I-IIa, 64.4 +/- 3.93--stage IIb, 45.8 +/- 6.32--stage III and 16.6 +/- 7.21% in cases of stage IV breast cancer, the scatter of values being greater in the tumor group. As many as 40% of patients with stages I-IIa and III cancer showed increased NK-activity values. An in vitro stimulating effect of NK activity of peripheral blood mononuclear cells by Soviet-made recombinant interleukin-2 was established.

[Mononuclear cell reactions in the combined treatment of patients with a cutaneous melanoblastoma of the lower extremities]. / Reaktsii mononuklearov pri kombinirovannum lechenii bol'nykh melanoblastomoi kozhi nizhnikh konechnostei.

Changes in lymphocyte and monocyte counts in peripheral blood of patients who had undergone combined treatment for malignant cutaneous melanoma of low extremities were evaluated. The posttreatment counts were compared with those for mononuclear cell infiltration of tumor stroma. Mononuclear cell levels in blood and in tumor stroma versus patients' survival time were analysed. A moderate correlation between lymphocyte and monocyte (macrophage) levels in tumor stroma, on the one hand, and survival time, on the other, was established.

[Elimination of cholesterol by affinity chromatography]. / Affinnaia khromatografiia dlia udaleniia kholesterina.

Elimination of cholesterol from physiological fluids was carried out by means of affinity chromatography using digitonine as an affinity agent. For this purpose a method of covalent binding of digitonine with aminosylochrome was developed. The most suitable conditions for production of the stable sorbent specific for cholesterol are described. The ratio of concentrations of digitonine to sodium periodate was 1:2; oxidation was performed in a medium containing 50% aqueous dioxane within 1.5 hrs. The modified sorbent, used for affinity chromatography of cholesterol, possessed a specific capacity of 10 mg/g.