Interaction between the production of ethanol and glycerol in fed-batch bioreactors.

During alcoholic fermentation, most of the substrates supplied to the yeasts are converted into ethanol and carbon dioxide generating energy for cell maintenance. However, some of these substrates end up being diverted to other metabolic pathways generating by-products reducing the yield in ethanol production. Glycerol is the most important by-product quantitatively, and its production during fermentation is associated to the production of ethanol. The present study was carried out at a full scale in an industrial fermentation plant applied to sugar cane industry with bioreactors operated in fed-batch mode. Varying levels of the operating factors feeding time, temperature, and concentration of yeast were used in order to verify the interaction between ethanol and glycerol in the fermentative kinetics and how these factors can be optimized to increase ethanol production with reduced carbon losses during the formation of other products. The results obtained indicated that glycerol production is linearly associated with ethanol production and that this correlation is influenced by the process conditions. Feeding time had a significant effect and was inversely proportional to the glycerol/ethanol production ratio. Therefore, it can be said that a moderate feeding rate can reduce the production of glycerol in relation to the ethanol produced reducing losses and increasing the fermentation yield.

Yeast biomass production: a new approach in glucose-limited feeding strategy.

The aim of this work was to implement experimentally a simple glucose-limited feeding strategy for yeast biomass production in a bubble column reactor based on a spreadsheet simulator suitable for industrial application. In biomass production process using Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains, one of the constraints is the strong tendency of these species to metabolize sugars anaerobically due to catabolite repression, leading to low values of biomass yield on substrate. The usual strategy to control this metabolic tendency is the use of a fed-batch process in which where the sugar source is fed incrementally and total sugar concentration in broth is maintained below a determined value. The simulator presented in this work was developed to control molasses feeding on the basis of a simple theoretical model in which has taken into account the nutritional growth needs of yeast cell and two input data: the theoretical specific growth rate and initial cell biomass. In experimental assay, a commercial baker's yeast strain and molasses as sugar source were used. Experimental results showed an overall biomass yield on substrate of 0.33, a biomass increase of 6.4 fold and a specific growth rate of 0.165 h(-1) in contrast to the predicted value of 0.180 h-1 in the second stage simulation.

Yeast biomass production: a new approach in glucose-limited feeding strategy

The aim of this work was to implement experimentally a simple glucose-limited feeding strategy for yeast biomass production in a bubble column reactor based on a spreadsheet simulator suitable for industrial application. In biomass production process using Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains, one of the constraints is the strong tendency of these species to metabolize sugars anaerobically due to catabolite repression, leading to low values of biomass yield on substrate. The usual strategy to control this metabolic tendency is the use of a fed-batch process in which where the sugar source is fed incrementally and total sugar concentration in broth is maintained below a determined value. The simulator presented in this work was developed to control molasses feeding on the basis of a simple theoretical model in which has taken into account the nutritional growth needs of yeast cell and two input data: the theoretical specific growth rate and initial cell biomass. In experimental assay, a commercial baker's yeast strain and molasses as sugar source were used. Experimental results showed an overall biomass yield on substrate of 0.33, a biomass increase of 6.4 fold and a specific growth rate of 0.165 h-1 in contrast to the predicted value of 0.180 h-1 in the second stage simulation.(AU)

Yeast biomass production: a new approach in glucose-limited feeding strategy

The aim of this work was to implement experimentally a simple glucose-limited feeding strategy for yeast biomass production in a bubble column reactor based on a spreadsheet simulator suitable for industrial application. In biomass production process using Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains, one of the constraints is the strong tendency of these species to metabolize sugars anaerobically due to catabolite repression, leading to low values of biomass yield on substrate. The usual strategy to control this metabolic tendency is the use of a fed-batch process in which where the sugar source is fed incrementally and total sugar concentration in broth is maintained below a determined value. The simulator presented in this work was developed to control molasses feeding on the basis of a simple theoretical model in which has taken into account the nutritional growth needs of yeast cell and two input data: the theoretical specific growth rate and initial cell biomass. In experimental assay, a commercial baker's yeast strain and molasses as sugar source were used. Experimental results showed an overall biomass yield on substrate of 0.33, a biomass increase of 6.4 fold and a specific growth rate of 0.165 h-1 in contrast to the predicted value of 0.180 h-1 in the second stage simulation.

Study of flocculent yeast performance in tower reactors for bioethanol production in a continuous fermentation process with no cell recycling.

The purpose of this study was to assess the retention ability of 12 different Saccharomyces sp. yeast strains with flocculent characteristics when inoculated in a continuous ethanol fermentation process. The system was comprised of two reactors connected in series with no cell recycling. The feeding substrate used was a synthetic medium containing glucose. The parameters assessed were total reducing sugars of the feeding substrate, total reducing sugars and ethanol at the outlet of the first and second reactors and quantification and classification of yeast population in the two reactors. The system reached yield levels of 83.53% of theoretical yield with a maximum total reducing sugars conversion of 92.68%. The conversion in this system was lower than expected. The dominant yeast in the process in both reactors, contrary to expectation, was the Saccharomyces CP6 strain which was unable to form pellets in spite of its flocculate growth.