RESUMO
Rotavirus is the leading cause of hospitalization due to acute gastroenteritis (AGE) in infants and toddlers. However, rotavirus vaccination has been associated with a decline in hospitalization rates due to rotavirus AGE. A descriptive retrospective study was conducted to analyze the impact of rotavirus vaccination on the rate of hospitalizations due to AGE among children ≤2 years old in 2 areas of the province of Almería, Spain. After eight years of rotavirus vaccination, rates of hospitalizations due to rotavirus AGE are diminished. This decline is closely related to vaccine coverage in the studied areas.
Assuntos
Gastroenterite/prevenção & controle , Hospitalização/estatística & dados numéricos , Infecções por Rotavirus/prevenção & controle , Vacinas contra Rotavirus/administração & dosagem , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Doença Aguda/epidemiologia , Pré-Escolar , Diarreia/prevenção & controle , Diarreia/virologia , Infecções por Enterovirus/prevenção & controle , Feminino , Gastroenterite/epidemiologia , Gastroenterite/virologia , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Análise de Regressão , Estudos Retrospectivos , Rotavirus/imunologia , Infecções por Rotavirus/epidemiologia , Infecções por Rotavirus/virologia , Vacinas contra Rotavirus/efeitos adversos , Espanha/epidemiologia , VacinaçãoRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Determining the adherence to ACC/AHA/ESC 2006 guidelines and its influence on the survival of patients with atrial fibrillation. METHODS: Prospective observational study of patients discharged during 2007 from an Internal Medicine department with a main or secondary diagnose of atrial fibrillation. The stroke risk was estimated with the CHADS2 score. The follow-up was carried out in outpatient medical office or via telephone. RESULTS: We included 259 patients (mean age 80.9 years); 73% of them had a high risk of stroke. Oral anticoagulants were administered to 134 (51.7%), and antiplatelet drugs to 71 (27%) patients. A rate control strategy was chosen for 155 (59.8%) patients and a rhythm control one for 28 (10.8%). In 100 (38.6%) patients, treatment was adherent to the guidelines. Adherence to the guidelines was associated with age (0.95 95%CI 0.92-0.99; p=0.03), contraindication to the use of oral anticoagulants (0.38 95%CI 0.18-0.81; p=0.01) and mitral valve heart disease/valvular prosthesis (2.10 95%CI 1.04-4.25; p=0.04). The median follow-up was 727 days, and 191 patients died. Patients treated according to the guidelines had a higher rate of survival during the first three years (0.47 vs. 0.36; p=0.049). The use of oral anticoagulants was associated with a higher probability of survival over a 5 year period (0.34 vs 0.21; p=0.001) and the rate control strategy during the first year (0.69 vs 0.57; p=0.04). CONCLUSIONS: In the real world, the treatment of atrial fibrillation according to the guidelines is associated with improved survival for up to three years during follow-up.
