Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy and Combined Therapy in Children: Efficacy and Long-Term Results.

Background: Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) is nowadays the first choice for the treatment of upper urinary tract stones smaller than 2 cm, considering its low complications and high success rate. Aim: To present an update of the current situation of ESWL treatment and to analyse our series of patients and the efficacy of combined lithiasis treatment in different locations and sizes. Patients and Method: Retrospective study including patients with urolithiasis treated with ESWL between 2007 and 2019. Collected data included: gender and age at treatment, presentation symptoms, imaging studies, stone location and size, complications and stone clearance. Success was defined as stone-free status or the presence of clinically insignificant residual fragments (<4 mm after 3 months follow-up). Patients with residual stones larger than 4 mm after 3 months were programmed for another ESWL session or received a combined sandwich therapy, followed by URS or percutaneous approach. Results: Between 2007 and 2019, 37 patients presented a total of 41 lithiasis episodes that were treated with ESWL sessions. Median age at first procedure was 9 years old (1-17) and median follow-up time was 6 years (3-12). Stones were located in the renal pelvis, followed by the lower, middle and upper calyx, proximal ureter, and 51% of our patients had multiple lithiasis. Median stone size was 12 mm (5-45), the main component being calcium oxalate (34%). During immediate postoperative period, 8 patients (19%) presented complications: renal colic, hematuria and urinary tract infection. After the first ESWL, 41% of the patients (n = 17) were stone-free. Out of the 24 residual lithiasis episodes (58%), three patients (7%) underwent a second ESWL session. In the remaining 19 patients, ESWL was combined with URS or percutaneous approach to achieve complete stone clearance. Overall stone free status after combined therapy was 95% (n = 39). Conclusion: These data support that ESWL is an effective minimally invasive technique, with low cost and morbidity, reproducible and safe for the treatment of stone disease in children. Even though lithiasis size seems to be a significant factor in ESWL success, in combination with other lithotripsy procedures it can reach very high rates of stone clearance.

Genital reconstruction with Integra™ artificial dermis after radical resection in a boy with diffuse lymphangiomatosis. / Reconstrucción genital con dermis artificial Integra® tras resección radical en un niño con linfangiomatosis difusa.

OBJECTIVE: Lymphangiomatosis is a rare disease affecting lymphatic vessels that causes a marked increase of them in the affected area. The final objective of treatment of the genital disease is to preserve sexual function and voiding with a satisfactory aesthetic result with the aim to minimize the emotional impact. METHODS: For the first time in children, we report a case of local reconstruction using artificial dermis after the excision of a genital lymphatic malformation in an eight year old patient. RESULTS: We performed surgical excision of the lymphatic malformation genital component and reconstruction of the scrotal and penile area in two steps, using an autologous graft over artificial dermis. No complications were registered. Both aesthetic and functional results were excellent, and spontaneous erections that were not present before, were also evidenced. No local recurrence was seen at two year follow up. CONCLUSION: The use of artificial dermis for genital surface reconstruction enables radical excision of tissues involved by diffuse lymphangiomatosis in this location. Surgical technique is simple, postoperative care is easy, being ambulatory care feasible. Final result is an elastic, fine skin, very satisfactory aesthetically, and functionally normal, which even keeps local sensitivity. In the long term, this will benefit the sexual field, so damaged in this patients.

Reconstrucción genital con dermis artificial Integra(R) tras resección radical en un niño con linfangiomatosis difusa / Genital reconstruction with INTEGRA(TM) artificial dermis after radical resection in a boy with diffuse lymphangiomatosis

Objetivo: La linfangiomatosis es una rara enfermedad que afecta a los vasos linfáticos causando un marcado aumento de los mismos en el área afectada. El objetivo final del tratamiento en la afección genital consiste en preservar la función sexual y la micción con un resultado estético satisfactorio a fin de minimizar el impacto emocional. Método: Presentamos por primera vez en niños un caso de reconstrucción local usando dermis artificial tras exéresis de malformación linfática genital en un paciente de ocho años. Resultado: Realizamos resección quirúrgica del componente genital de la malformación linfática y reconstruimos el área escrotal y peneana en dos tiempos, usando un injerto autólogo sobre dermis artificial. No se registró ninguna complicación postoperatoria. Tanto la apariencia estética como el resultado funcional fueron excelentes, registrándose además la aparición de erecciones espontáneas que no habían estado presentes anteriormente. A los dos años de seguimiento no se ha registrado recidiva local. Conclusión: El uso de dermis artificial para reconstruir la superficie genital permite una extirpación radical de los tejidos afectos en la linfangiomatosis difusa en esta localización. La técnica quirúrgica es sencilla, los cuidados postoperatorios fáciles, siendo posible llevarlos a cabo de manera ambulatoria. El resultado final es una piel elástica y fina, estéticamente muy satisfactoria y funcionalmente normal, que incluso mantiene la sensibilidad local, lo que, a largo plazo, beneficiará la esfera sexual tan dañada en este tipo de pacientes (AU)

Objetive: Lymphangiomatosis is a rare disease affecting lymphatic vessels that causes a marked increase of them in the affected area. The final objective of treatment of the genital disease is to preserve sexual function and voiding with a satisfactory aesthetic result with the aim to minimize the emotional impact. Methods: For the first time in children, we report a case of local reconstruction using artificial dermis after the excision of a genital lymphatic malformation in an eight year old patient. Results: We performed surgical excision of the lymphatic malformation genital component and reconstruction of the scrotal and penile area in two steps, using an autologous graft over artificial dermis. No complications were registered. Both aesthetic and functional results were excellent, and spontaneous erections that were not present before, were also evidenced. No local recurrence was seen at two year follow up. Conclusion The use of artificial dermis for genital surface reconstruction enables radical excision of tissues involved by diffuse lymphangiomatosis in this location. Surgical technique is simple, postoperative care is easy, being ambulatory care feasible. Final result is an elastic, fine skin, very satisfactory aesthetically, and functionally normal, which even keeps local sensitivity. In the long term, this will benefit the sexual field, so damaged in this patients (AU)

Displasia renal multiquística segmentaria asociada a ureterocele y quistes renales simples en un recién nacido / Multicystic segmentary renal displasia associated to ureterocele and simple renal cysts in a newborn

No disponible