Effect of Biocides on the Activity of Extracellular Enzymes Produced by Degrader Fungi from Technical Objects Used in Tropical Climates (Vietnam).

Activity of extracellular enzymes was assessed in 20 strains of microscopic fungi involved in biodegradation of technical objects exploited under tropical climate conditions (Vietnam). It was found that 19 strains possessed catalase activity, 18 strains had phenol oxidase activity, and eight strains had protease activity. The effect of industrial biocides on the activity of these enzymes was also assessed. The biocides Bior-1, Bioneutral A 10, and Bioneutral A 101 were shown to inhibit the enzymatic activity to various extent. All biocides inhibited extracellular catalase activity in most fungal strains studied. The inhibition of protease and phenol oxidase activity of same test strains was less pronounced. The response to biocides varied at the strain level; its characteristics could differ significantly even between strains of the same species. In several cases, it was observed that exposure to biocides resulted in an increase in enzyme activity.

[The clinical significance of MDR-1 gene expression in the hemopoietic cells of patients with acute leukemias in different phases of the disease]. / Klinicheskoe znachenie ékspressii gena MDR-1 v gemopoéticheskikh kletkakh bol'nykh ostrymy leikozami v raznykh fazakh zabolevaniia.

AIM: Analysis of cytostatic therapy effects on expression of gene MDR-1 in hemopoietic cells of patients with acute leukemia (AL) in complete clinicohematological remission (CCHR). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 48 AL patients. 27 of them were untreated, 25 were resistant to or had recurrent AL. 4 patients were followed up. Bone marrow mononuclear fraction was investigated. Expression of MDR-1 gene in the cells was evaluated at hybridization. RESULTS: High expression of MDR-1 gene occurred in leukemic blast cells either upon achievement of CCHR or at least 6 months after its onset. When using schemes of chemotherapy containing two potential inductors of gene MDR-1, expression of this gene was registered significantly more frequently than in using schemes based on one inducing drug (p < 0.05). Frequency of occurrence of enhanced expression of gene MDR-1 in leukemic blasts significantly correlated with frequency of CCHR (p < 0.05). Correlation between occurrence of the gene's expression in normal hemopoietic cells in CCHR and occurrence of early AL recurrences was not found. CONCLUSION: The findings may facilitate design of new AL treatment programs.