[Resolution based on the results of the interdisciplinary expert council "Cognitive health of a comorbid patient"].

On September 29, 2023, a meeting of the interdisciplinary expert council "Cognitive health of a comorbid patient" was held in Vladikavkaz. To reduce the social and economic burden of cognitive impairment, which is increasingly being detected in comorbid patients in the Russian Federation, it is necessary to introduce socially significant initiatives for the timely diagnosis and prevention of these diseases, as well as update modern approaches to treatment, taking into account their multifactorial pathogenesis and the risk of complications. Based on the results of scientific reports and discussions held during the expert council, experts made decisions on a further plan within the framework of socially significant initiatives for the prevention of obesity.

Observation of Collider Muon Neutrinos with the SND@LHC Experiment.

We report the direct observation of muon neutrino interactions with the SND@LHC detector at the Large Hadron Collider. A dataset of proton-proton collisions at sqrt[s]=13.6 TeV collected by SND@LHC in 2022 is used, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 36.8 fb^{-1}. The search is based on information from the active electronic components of the SND@LHC detector, which covers the pseudorapidity region of 7.2<η<8.4, inaccessible to the other experiments at the collider. Muon neutrino candidates are identified through their charged-current interaction topology, with a track propagating through the entire length of the muon detector. After selection cuts, 8 ν_{µ} interaction candidate events remain with an estimated background of 0.086 events, yielding a significance of about 7 standard deviations for the observed ν_{µ} signal.

OPERA tau neutrino charged current interactions.

The OPERA experiment was designed to discover the vτ appearance in a vµ beam, due to neutrino oscillations. The detector, located in the underground Gran Sasso Laboratory, consisted of a nuclear photographic emulsion/lead target with a mass of about 1.25 kt, complemented by electronic detectors. It was exposed from 2008 to 2012 to the CNGS beam: an almost pure vµ beam with a baseline of 730 km, collecting a total of 1.8·1020 protons on target. The OPERA Collaboration eventually assessed the discovery of vµâ†’vτ oscillations with a statistical significance of 6.1 σ by observing ten vτ CC interaction candidates. These events have been published on the Open Data Portal at CERN. This paper provides a detailed description of the vτ data sample to make it usable by the whole community.

[On the role of psychological disorders in the development of the syndrome of pain dysfunction of the temporomandibular joint]. / O roli psikhologicheskikh faktorov v razvitii sindroma bolevoi disfunktsii visochno-nizhnechelyustnogo sustava.

There are significant disagreements related to the understanding of the etiopathogenesis of the syndrome of pain dysfunction of the temporomandibular joint. This review article examines the role of patient's psychological status as a significant factor influencing the occurrence and complications of this pathology, as evidenced by an increase in stress, anxiety, and depression in patients with the dysfunction. The need for a multidisciplinary and individual approach to the diagnosis and treatment is also discussed, which can significantly alleviate the severity of the disease, reduce complications, and shorten the rehabilitation time.

[Patient myofunctional adaptation to orthodontic treatment]. / Miofunktsional'naya adaptatsiya patsientov na ortodonticheskom prieme.

BACKGROUND: Myofunctional condition of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) in everyday orthodontic practice is an important diagnostic criterion for evaluating the quality of orthodontic treatment. Pre-orthodontic preparation is often a necessary stage of orthodontic treatment. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate and compare the adaptation of the masticatory muscles of patients during pre-orthodontic preparation based on interference electromyography of the masticatory and temporal muscles with the data of patients after orthodontic treatment without preparation and with the indicators in the control group. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Electromyography indicators of the masticatory and temporal muscles of 82 patients aged 18 to 35 were obtained. Patients were divided into 3groups: 1st - with signs of TMJ dysfunction at the stage of pre-orthodontic preparation and orthodontic treatment; 2nd - patients after orthodontic treatment, having dissatisfaction with the state of the dentition; 3rd - a control group was compared composed of patients without signs of myofunctional dysfunction. RESULTS: Patients who have complaints after orthodontic treatment have different electromyography of the masticatory and temporal muscles in comparison with the control group. In patients with signs of TMJ dysfunction at the stage of preorthodontic preparation, after using a device of their own design, the structures of the temporomandibular joint were adapted to a new functional position. CONCLUSION: After using the device of its own design, myofunctional adaptation to a new functional position was obtained, which is confirmed by electromyographic studies.

[The survey of orthodontists on modern diagnosis and treatment planning of malocclusions in adults]. / Analiz dannykh oprosa vrachei-ortodontov o primenenii sovremennykh metodov diagnostiki i planirovaniia lecheniia zubocheliustnykh anomalii u vzroslykh.

PURPOSE: To examine the main factors affecting the quality of orthodontic treatment. MATERIAL AND METHODS: the survey was conducted over 3 years in 158 orthodontists who participated advanced training in the Departments of Therapeutic Dentistry, Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics. A questionnaire was drawn up for the survey including 4 sets of questions: diagnosis, treatment planning, completion and retention, documentation. The results obtained suggest that doctors who were interviewed conducted a complex of diagnostic measures 49.37%, an aesthetic index was never used in the diagnosis in 91.14% of respondents; diagnostic analysis of control and diagnostic models is not carried out by 72.78%, 15.19% use cone-beam computed tomography. In the course of treatment 50.63% conduct individualization of orthodontic equipment, 63.29% perform detailed bends. The rate of orthodontic retreatment in high as 63.92% of orthodontists has the corresponding experience. Completing the treatment process only 13.29% of orthodontist perform a complete analysis of occlusal contacts. Storage of medical records is possible for up to 3 years in 31.01%, up to 5 years in 34.81% of respondents, but 78.48% reported problems with storage space in clinics. CONCLUSION: There are issues that require clarification in the course of continuous education which are: rendering of a computerized X-ray examination; clinical review of cases causing difficulties; identifying and determining the causes of recurrent orthodontic treatment.

Final Results of the OPERA Experiment on ν_{τ} Appearance in the CNGS Neutrino Beam.

The OPERA experiment was designed to study ν_{µ}→ν_{τ} oscillations in the appearance mode in the CERN to Gran Sasso Neutrino beam (CNGS). In this Letter, we report the final analysis of the full data sample collected between 2008 and 2012, corresponding to 17.97×10^{19} protons on target. Selection criteria looser than in previous analyses have produced ten ν_{τ} candidate events, thus reducing the statistical uncertainty in the measurement of the oscillation parameters and of ν_{τ} properties. A multivariate approach for event identification has been applied to the candidate events and the discovery of ν_{τ} appearance is confirmed with an improved significance level of 6.1σ. |Δm_{32}^{2}| has been measured, in appearance mode, with an accuracy of 20%. The measurement of the ν_{τ} charged-current cross section, for the first time with a negligible contamination from ν[over ¯]_{τ}, and the first direct evidence for the ν_{τ} lepton number are also reported.

Discovery of τ Neutrino Appearance in the CNGS Neutrino Beam with the OPERA Experiment.

The OPERA experiment was designed to search for ν_{µ}→ν_{τ} oscillations in appearance mode, i.e., by detecting the τ leptons produced in charged current ν_{τ} interactions. The experiment took data from 2008 to 2012 in the CERN Neutrinos to Gran Sasso beam. The observation of the ν_{µ}→ν_{τ} appearance, achieved with four candidate events in a subsample of the data, was previously reported. In this Letter, a fifth ν_{τ} candidate event, found in an enlarged data sample, is described. Together with a further reduction of the expected background, the candidate events detected so far allow us to assess the discovery of ν_{µ}→ν_{τ} oscillations in appearance mode with a significance larger than 5σ.

[Experimental studies of pathogenesis of chronic fluoride intoxication].

The article presents the results of studies of occupational fluorosis pathogenesis on experimental model of chronic fluoride intoxication (CFI). In early fluoride intoxication, fluoride and calcium in the body are in compensatory relations. Later, they are disturbed. High reaction ability of fluoride in CFI is associated with hypocalciemia which triggers parathyroid hyperactivity. This results in hyperproduction of PHH which is unrelated with development of secondary hyperparathyrosis. CFI is accompanied also with elevated calcitonin having a hypocalciemic and hypophosphatemic action. The experiments showed double content of collagen fragments of bone tissue in urine of animals with fluoride intoxication which reflects resorption of bone tissue. Serum osteocalcin rose three-fold as it was unable to include in the bone tissue. There was also activation of lipid peroxidation in subnormal activity of respiratory enzymes.

[Using nutriceutics for occupational fluorosis prevention].

The article deals with pathogenesis of occupational fluorosis. Clinical studies demonstrated changes in bone mineral density among workers with 15-20 years of service. Experimental studies proved that occupational fluorosis is associated withcalcium dysbalance,bone tissue resorption and calcium washout. Nutriceutics ("Zolotoi shar", "Korallovy kalcii") in occupational fluorosis play preventive role.

[A comparative evaluation of the methods for treating dental arch anomalies in 7- to 9-year-old children during dispensary care]. / Sravnitel'naia otsenka metodov lecheniia anomalii zubnykh riadov u detei 7--9 let v protsesse dispanserizatsii.

Analysis of the results of treatment of 1890 young children, carried out in the course of regular prophylactic check-ups, has shown that comprehensive treatment of dentition abnormalities is effective in 85.3% of cases. Both traditional and new designs of removable orthodontic apparatuses, developed by O. M. Basharova were employed. The new design is characterized by functional mechanical action and by the presence of a system of springy planes. Such apparatuses are highly effective and help essentially cut down the treatment periods.