[Evolution of severe mitral regurgitation after optimization of pharmacological therapy in non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy]. / Evolución de la insuficiencia mitral severa tras optimización del tratamiento médico en la miocardiopatía dilatada no isquémica.

In dilated cardiomyopathy, severe functional mitral regurgitation (MR) is associated with a poor prognosis. In 112 consecutive clinically stable patients with non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy, echocardiography identified 15 (14%) patients who had severe MR (age, 53+/-12 years; 80% male; left ventricular ejection fraction, 26 +/- 8%). Existing medical treatment with ACE inhibitors and beta-blockers was increased up to the maximum tolerated doses. At 6 months, MR decreased by at least one grade in 13 (87%) patients (P =.001), as did the effective regurgitant orifice area (from 0.41 [0.05] mm2 to 0.20 [0.15] mm2; P.

Evolución de la insuficiencia mitral severa tras optimización del tratamiento médico en la miocardiopatía dilatada no isquémica / Evolution of severe mitral regurgitation after optimization of pharmacological therapy in non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy

En la miocardiopatía dilatada, la insuficiencia mitral (IM) funcional grave se asocia con una peor situación clínica y pronóstica. De 112 pacientes consecutivos con miocardiopatía dilatada no isquémica, 15 (14%) presentaban IM grave funcional por ecocardiografía (53 ± 12 años, 80% varones, FEVI 26 ± 8%). Se optimizó el tratamiento previo hasta dosis máximas toleradas de un inhibidor de la enzima de conversión de la angiotensina (IECA) y un bloqueador beta. A los 6 meses disminuyó el grado de insuficiencia en 13 pacientes (87%) (p = 0,001), el área del orificio regurgitante efectivo (0,41 ± 0,05 frente a 0,20 ± 0,15 mm²; p < 0,001) y del jet (13,6 ± 2,1 frente a 7,4 ± 4,5 cm²; p < 0,001). Estos cambios se correlacionaron con una mayor FEVI (26 ± 8 frente a 35 ± 10%; p = 0,009; r = 0,60, p = 0,01) y un menor volumen telesistólico (168 ± 46 frente 142 ± 72 ml; p = 0,04; r = 0,59, p = 0,02). Se observó una mejoría de la clase NYHA (2,7 ± 0,5 frente a 1,9 ± 0,7; p < 0,001). La IM funcional grave evolucionó hacia la mejoría tras la optimización máxima de IECA y bloqueadores beta, lo que parece correlacionar con una mejora de la función sistólica

In dilated cardiomyopathy, severe functional mitral regurgitation (MR) is associated with a poor prognosis. In 112 consecutive clinically stable patients with non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy, echocardiography identified 15 (14%) patients who had severe MR (age, 53±12 years; 80% male; left ventricular ejection fraction, 26 ± 8%). Existing medical treatment with ACE inhibitors and beta-blockers was increased up to the maximum tolerated doses. At 6 months, MR decreased by at least one grade in 13 (87%) patients (P =.001), as did the effective regurgitant orifice area (from 0.41 [0.05] mm² to 0.20 [0.15] mm²; P < .001) and the jet area (from 13.6 [2.1] cm² to 7.4 [4.5] cm²; P<.001). These changes correlated with an increase in left ventricular ejection fraction (from 26 [8]% to 35 [10]%, P=.009; r=0.60, P=.01) and a decrease in end-diastolic volume (from 168 [46] mL to 142 [72] mL, P=.04; r=0.59, P=.02). An improvement in New York Heart Association class was observed (from 2.7 [0.5] to 1.9 [0.7]; P < .001). The severity of functional MR decreased after medical treatment was maximized. The decrease correlated with improvements in left ventricular systolic function