Perception of dental students towards the online method of dental education during the COVID-19 pandemic.

BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic has changed the education system drastically. The shift from traditional learning to online mode during the quarantine period affected dental education substantially. The present study aimed to determine the impact of online learning on dental education and the potential challenges being faced by the dental students. METHODS: An online survey-based questionnaire was distributed to 103 BDS students and feedback was recorded. RESULTS: The study yielded a response rate of 57% comprising of female(56%)and male(44%) respondents. The participants were categorized into two groups with age brackets of 22 years& above. Majority of the female students (86.2%) were more inclined towards offline learning than male students (57.8%) (p = 0.001). More predilection for offline mode was observed in 83% of the students (>22 years of age) than 66.1%students (<22 years) (p = 0.05).BDS 1st (59.6%),2nd (74.1%) 3rd (93.8%)& 4th year (100%) students preferred offline mode for exams (p = 0.005). Most of the students (77.7%) including male (86.7%) and female (70.6%) (p = 0.05) strongly disagreed to continue E-learning in future. The students (<22 years) (98.2%) were more accessible to the internet than students (>22 years) (93.2%) (p = 0.02). The students (>22 years) found more difficulty in using different online platforms (87.2%) than students (<22 years) i.e., 69.6% (p = 0.03).BDS 3rd and 4th year (100%) appeared for the exams in greater numbers than BDS 1st year (76.6%) and 2nd year (92.6%) (p = 0.02). CONCLUSION: Online learning had a detrimental impact on dental education. The students agreed that online mode cannot substitute conventional face-to-face learning.

Comparative evaluation of 6% cranberry, 10% green tea, 50% aloe vera and 10% sodium ascorbate on reversing the immediate bond strength of bleached enamel: In vitro study.

OBJECTIVES: The present study aimed to assess antioxidant activity of herbal antioxidants namely 6% cranberry extract, 10% green tea, 50% aloe vera and 10% sodium ascorbate and their effect on reversal of bond strength in bleached enamel. MATERIALS AND METHOD: From one hundred and twenty extracted maxillary central incisors enamel blocks of 5 â€‹× â€‹5 â€‹mm were prepared and arbitrarily divided into six experimental groups (n â€‹= â€‹20): Group A: no bleaching, Group B: only bleaching protocol, Group C - bleaching â€‹+ â€‹6% cranberry extract solution, Group D - bleaching +10% Green Tea extract, Group E - bleaching â€‹+ â€‹50% aloe vera extract, Group F - bleaching â€‹+ â€‹10% Sodium Ascorbate. After bleaching antioxidants were applied for 10 â€‹min and were subjected to bonding procedures. The specimens were sectioned into 120 small strips of size (1 â€‹× â€‹1 â€‹× â€‹8 â€‹mm). Sixty sticks were analyzed to micro tensile bond strength using Universal testing machine and fractured segment were observed for failure modes (Adhesive, Cohesive and Mixed) under stereomicroscope. Remaining 60 sticks were observed for interface gap between tooth and composite resin under SEM. The %AA (antioxidant activity) was assessed with spectrophotometric analysis. RESULTS: Data was statistically analyzed using ANOVA and Post Hoc Tukey's test. Group A (91.68 â€‹± â€‹2.24 Mpa) showed higher mean micro tensile bond strength versus group D (82.14 â€‹± â€‹1.45 Mpa), followed by group E (75.26 â€‹± â€‹1.92Mpa), group F (63.89 â€‹± â€‹1.95Mpa), group C (57.58 â€‹± â€‹1.96 Mpa) and least in group B (31.5 â€‹± â€‹1.27 Mpa). The %failure mode inferred maximum adhesive mode of failure (86.25%). CONCLUSION: All the four antioxidants were able to reverse the compromised bond strength comparatively after bleaching maximum being green tea followed by aloe vera, sodium ascorbate, and minimum in cranberry. CLINICALLY SIGNIFICANCE-: Easily available, biocompatible, cost effectual, and potent herbal antioxidants could be used considerably for immediate esthetic cases where time is a restricting factor.

Arterio-Hepatic Venous Fistula Following Liver Biopsy: A Rare Case Report and Literature Review.

Arterio-hepatic venous fistula (AHVF) is an exceedingly rare phenomenon compared to arterio-portal venous fistula with only 8 cases reported in world literature. Many listed causes can be attributed to the development of there are no reported cases of AHVF following a core-needle biopsy. We report a case of 38 year-old-female with EHPVO, who underwent splenectomy with a proximal splenorenal shunt. She had an injury to left hepatic artery, consequent to a blind intra-operative core needle biopsy from the liver, which led to the development of a fistulous connection between left hepatic artery and middle hepatic vein causing high output cardiac failure. She was successfully managed with trans-arterial embolization. The present review emphasizes the possibility of AHVF following a liver biopsy and the role of digital subtraction angiography in the diagnosis, therapeutic intravascular interventions, and follow-up.

Oral lichen planus in an 8-year-old child: A case report with a brief literature review.

Lichen planus (LP) is a chronic autoimmune condition of uncertain etiopathogenesis and usually affects the skin, oro-genital mucosa, nail and scalp appendages. LP is primarily seen in middle-aged individuals, and oral lesions of LP in children are relatively uncommon. Herewith, we report a case of oral LP in an 8-year-old boy, which regressed well with the treatment modality.

Factors associated with Oral Health Related Quality of Life of children with severe -Early Childhood Caries.

BACKGROUND: Early Childhood Caries (ECC) is a chronic childhood disease affecting children worldwide. Severe cases of ECC can significantly affect child's Oral Health Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) owing to its consequences. The purpose of present study was to find out association between severe early childhood caries (s-ECC) and OHRQoL of children and their parents/care-givers visiting a Government dental hospital in Delhi, India. METHODS: Data was collected from a hospital - based sample of 454 child-parent pair. OHRQoL of the child and parent was assessed using the Hindi version of Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (Hi-ECOHIS). Children with s-ECC were identified as per definition given by American Academy of Paediatric Dentistry. Chi square test and Binary regression analysis were used to evaluate the effect of s-ECC on OHRQoL and to study role of various socio demographic factors. RESULTS: The prevalence of s-ECC was 77.1% (n = 350).The mean dmft index score was 5.67 ( ±3.72) and dmfs was 11.21 ( ±11.03). The mean overall ECOHIS score was 7.02 ( ±5.47). Child impact items such as Pain, fever, caries associated swelling along with difficulty in eating food, halitosis, disturbed sleep, frequent absenteeism from school were found to be more significantly more frequent in children with s-ECC than ECC. Children with bottle-feeding habit of more than one year, having fewer siblings, and whose parents belong to upper socio economic class were at higher odds of suffering from s-ECC.Conclusion: s-ECC has significantly more detrimental impact on the OHRQoL of children and their parents in comparison to ECC.